Hepatitis B Vaccine

By:

Putu Nihita Trisa

A4-F

10.321.0987

STIKES WIRA MEDIKA PPNI BALI

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Tahun Ajaran 2012-2013

 Hepatitis B Vaccine

Good Morning,
My name is Trisa. Thank you very much for the time that’s given to me. The honorable our
lectur today and all of my beloved friends. In this moment I would like to present a speech
and the title is “Hepatitis B Vaccine”. But before I go ahead with my speech, let us pray and
thanks to our God because of his blesses.

Ladies and Gentleman, Hepatitis is a familiar disease for us. We know that it attacks
our liver, makes it cerosis, cancer, and finally lead to death. There are some types of hepatitis,
hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, and the newest one is hepatitis G. But in this speech I want to tell you
about hepatitis B. Why? Because our country, Indonesia is one of the country that has high
rate of acute and chronic hepatitis B. In 2008, prevalence of HbsAg (+) in Indonesia is 3-
17%. It means from 230 million population of Indonesia, 6.9-39.1 million of it have got
hepatitis B. It is a bad numbar of disease, isn’t it?

Hepatitis B is a serious infection that affects the liver. It is caused by the hepatitis B
virus. It can be acute or chronic. Acute hepatitis B can lead to loss appetite, tiredness, pain in
muscles, joints, and stomach, diarrhea and vomiting and also jaundice (yellow skin or eyes).
Some people go on to develop chronic hepatitis B infection. Most of them do not have
symptoms, but the infection is still very serious, and can lead to liver damage (cirrhosis), liver
cancer, and death.

Hepatitis B virus is easily spread through contact with the blood or other body fluids
of an infected person. People can also be infected from contact with a contaminated object,
where the virus can live for up to 7 days. A baby whose mother is infected can be infected at
birth.

In Indonesia we always say “Lebih baik mencegah daripada mengobati” or prevention

is better than curing and one of the preventive act is vaccine. Hepatitis B vaccine can prevent
hepatitis B, and the serious consequences of hepatitis B infection, including liver cancer and
cirrhosis. Vaccination gives long-term protection from hepatitis B infection, possibly
lifelong. This vaccine should give to children and adolescents and to adult. Babies should get
3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine. First dose is given at the first day of birth, second dose at 1-2
month of age, and the third at 6-18 monts of age. For adult, all unvaccinated adults at risk for
hepatitis B infection should be vaccinated. This includes:

 sex partners of people infected with hepatitis B

 men who have sex with men
 intravenous drug abuser
 people with more than one sex partner
 people with jobs that expose them to human blood or other body fluids
 kidney dialysis patients
 people who travel to countries where hepatitis B is common
 people with HIV infection.
Adults getting hepatitis B vaccine should get 3 doses, with the second dose given 4
weeks after the first and the third dose 5 months after the second.
But, this vaccine should not be given to these person:

 Anyone with a life-threatening allergy to yeast, or to any other component

of the vaccine, should not get hepatitis B vaccine. Tell your doctor if you
have any severe allergies.
 Anyone who has had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a previous dose
of hepatitis B vaccine should not get another dose.
 Anyone who is moderately or severely ill when a dose of vaccine is
scheduled should probably wait until they recover before getting the
vaccine.

That’s all about my speech. I say great appologize if there was any mistakes in our
speech. I hope this speech can be usefull for all of us. At last, thank you very much for all
your attention, have a nice day.
Good Morning.

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