Name- A S M Sakibur Rahman Shuvo

ID- 18241044
MGT-03 (B)

Definition of essential terms in terms of Business Ethics

Corporate Intelligence:
corporate intelligence is the collection and analysis of information on markets, technologies,
customers, and competitors and on socioeconomic and external political trends. The term itself
can be described in 3 different ways. These are- a passive monitoring system for early warning,
tactical field support, and support dedicated to top-management strategy. Today, theft of trade
secrets is estimated at $100 billion. Corporate intelligence involves an in-depth discovery of
information from corporate records, court documents, regulatory filings, and press releases.
Some of the main methods of acquiring CI are- hacking, social engineering, dumpster diving,
etc.
Example:
The data breach of linked in occurred in 2012 when In 2012, the company announced that 6.5
million unassociated passwords (unsalted SHA-1 hashes) were stolen by attackers and posted
onto a Russian hacker forum. However, it was not until 2016 that the full extent of the incident
was revealed. The same hacker selling MySpace’s data was found to be offering the email
addresses and passwords of around 165 million LinkedIn users for just five bitcoins (around
$2,000 at the time)
Discrimination:
The term means unlawful inequality in the workplace or anywhere. Discrimination based on
race, color, religion, sex, marital status, sexual orientation, public assistance status, disability,
age, national origin, or veteran status is illegal in the United States. Additionally, discrimination
based on political opinions or affiliation with a union is defined as harassment.
Example-
In Bangladesh, for the same work, the gender pay gap was 57 percent in 2017 and 54 percent in 2016,
according to one study. The same can be said in any physical labor demanded jobs in our country.
Though according to the “Labor law of Bangladesh 2006,” it is entirely illegal but very few
implementations can be found

Sexual Harassment:
Sexual harassment can be defined as any repeated, unwanted behavior of a sexual nature
perpetrated upon one individual by another. It may be verbal, visual, written, or physical and can
occur between people of different genders or those of the same sex. “Workplace display of
sexually explicit material—photos, magazines, or posters— may constitute a hostile work
environment harassment, even though the private possession, reading, and consensual sharing of
such materials are protected under the Constitution.
Example-
A widespread example can be said when using public transportations. Women are continuously
facing this issue, whether it is by the supervisor of the bus while riding or by the nearby
passenger by taking advantage of the crowd.
Fraud:
The term “Fraud” can be regarded as any purposeful communication that deceives, manipulates,
or conceals facts to create a false impression. Fraud is a crime, and convictions may result in
fines, imprisonment, or both. Fraud costs U.S. organizations more than $400 billion a year.
Example-
One of the widely available examples of fraud in our country is recruiting agencies during the
time of labor recruitment in foreign countries. Most of the time, the agencies fail to meet their
promises willingly, and in the worst case, the flawed individual is sold to another nation for
slavery, which by no means can be an accepted image of a sovereign country.
Environmental Issue:
Environmental issues are becoming significant concerns within the business community. The
Kyoto Protocol, one example of the world’s growing concern about global warming, is an
international treaty on climate change committed to reducing emissions of carbon dioxide and
five other greenhouse gases and to engaging in emissions trading if member signatories maintain
or increase emissions of these gases.
Example-
A prime example can be the existence of “Farakka barrage” in India, which itself is on the verge
of destroying the ecosystem of the northern part of our nation.