ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHICH STRENGTHENETH ME.

- Phil. 4:13

We would like to express our endless appreciation and gratitude to the following

persons for their invaluable contributions in this propose project and their unstinting

support; to them our heartfelt gratitude.

To our beloved parents and guardians for their unconditional love, financial

assistance and motivation to pursue our studies for the preparation of our future life and

career.

To our esteemed adviser and illustrious Professor in Electrical Engineering

Department headed by our Department Chairman and Adviser Engr. Heherson A.

Alcaraz for his valuable advice, support and guidance that made this project possible.

To all Faculty Members of Electrical Engineering Department for their expertise

and Motivation to pursue this project.

To our fellow EE ISUdyantes, friends and classmates who are always there

giving us advice and inspiration.

Above all, to our Almighty God who is our author of our life, giving wisdom and

strength; through Him we made this piece of art completely and successfully.

i
 DEDICATION

To our beloved and supportive parents,

Guardians, sisters, brothers, relatives, mentors,

Professors, classmates, friends, and most of all to our Almighty God,

This piece of words is faithfully and lovingly dedicated.

Eugene Mark P. Raposas

Reynaldo C. Sierra Jr.

Rexel M. Bulan

Jerome P. Juan

ii
 ABTRACT

The main objective of this project named PORTABLE SOLAR POWER BANK

with LED LIGHTS is to charge the mobile battery or your mobile phones by means of

solar or direct from the sun. The dream of solar charger is just to be able to charge to

mobile phones, mp3s, mp4s, iPhone or other gadgets in case there is a Total system

blackout in your areas. And it can help also for the areas that do not have the power of

electricity. A solar power bank employs solar energy to supply electricity to devices or

charge batteries. Anyone can use of solar power one while at the beach, biking, hiking,

or at any outdoor location and charge their cellular phone, tablet, computer etc. Solar

power banks are most often used by people who will not access to electrical outlets for

long periods of time.

Many campers will use these solar power banks when they're out in the

wilderness. The power banks are also popular with backpackers who are going on

long treks. There are even lightweight power banks that are made with backpackers in

mind. The power banks are also used by people who are trying to use less electricity

in their homes, and by those people who want to go green.

Iii
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

I. The Problem and Its Background

Electrical Engineering is a very broad field in the recent infrastructure of the world

due to increasing demand of electronic devices and its technology which reduced

human efforts by factor of tens. One of the largest and hottest streams of this is all

about solar Charger or a solar power bank. Electrical Engineering is slightly saturating

in some of the streams such as pure digital electronics. This led us to put the effort of

solar power charging system and emergency lighting system.

In the fast growing electronics world, number of electronics device has increased

dramatically over the years. There are few trades-offs in the field of electronics, such as,

efficiency, convenience and cost issues. As a relation, we offer the newly invented

portable solar power bank. Portable solar power bank is usually a solar

charger employs solar energy to supply electricity to devices or charge batteries. They

are generally portable and it can use for outdoor activities.

The focus of this study is to give background and its useful uses to anyone of this

equipment. Portable solar power bank have a contribution of this in terms of battery

backups which help to charge mobile phones for the user’s needs.

1
II. Objectives of the Study

This increasing demand for the Solar power bank technology needed more us to

focus so our team has decided to research in this area and try to contribute to the

community in order to make this technology available to people at lower cost and higher

efficiency. As a senior electrical engineering student at Isabela State University-Ilagan

City Campus, we took this project as an opportunity to research and address issues

with portable solar power bank available devices in the market. This project is dedicated

to make a solar power bank based on market survey for power bank charging system

available in the world. The rest of this paper will describe our bird’s eye market survey

and issues with available technologies as well as the solutions to some of the pre-

existing devices. However, our basic and the very first task will be to make a working

portable solar power bank from bottom up using fundamental electrical engineering

concepts.

III. Significance of the Study

SOLAR POWER CHARGER WITH LED LIGHTS AND DC LED BULB LIGHTS.

We have come a long way in development of very high tech mobile devices.

There are lot of technologies especially gadgets have been in the market. In this case,

we need a battery backup or a battery bank which is use to provide electric energy to

the device which is drained. Power is required for every electronic device and without

power all high tech gadgets or devices are useless. Portable Solar Power Bank (PSPB)

2
have the opportunity to provide a battery back-up in case of an total system blackout

(TSB) and also it can be used for outdoor activities like in the beach, also biking, hiking,

or at any outdoor location which will charge their smartphones, tablets and other

gadgets by means of solar energy which will provide. And also with additional features

of emergency lights in case of a power interruption occurs.

IV. Statement of Hypothesis

This device will be capable for backup systems for charging smartphones also

other gadgets with 5v output and also emergency lighting system when needed, and a

power source from the light of the sun through solar panel that can be useful when

power outage occurs.

The efficiency and usefulness of the unit will be shown through comparing its

features to the devices existed in the market in terms of economy.

V. Scope and Limitation of the Study

The project study mainly focuses on examining the efficiencies, effective, and

this technology available to any people at lower cost and higher efficiency. And also

help individual for the useful use of this study.

This study would have been more comprehensive and far-reaching if it covered

more solar devices which should have provided the much detailed. This, however,

would mean more time, money efforts and resources which researchers didn’t have.

3
VI. Definition of Terms

Amperes –unit of current, Amperes over 1x10-3 (A)

Complete charging time- the time required for a battery to be fully charged

Current –rate of flow of electric charge, can be calculated by voltage divided by the

resistance.

Efficiency- The quality or degree of being efficient. In this research, it is referred to as

the relationship of voltage and current by output power. It is given as the output power

divided by the input power.

Kilowatt hour (kWh) - a unit of work or energy equal to that expended by one kilowatt

in one hour.

mAh- milli Amperes-hour. Battery rating.

Photovoltaic (PV) cells – semiconductor material such as silicon that generates

voltage when light strikes at it.

Power supply- it is a device that supplies electrical energy to one or more electric

loads.

Power (solar input) - product of voltage and current coming in of the circuit.

Power (solar output) - product of voltage and current coming out of the solar cell.

Voltage - Electric potential or potential difference expressed in volts.

Led indicator- indicates how much the battery is charged.

4
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

SURVEY AND SELECTION

2.1 Related Studies

The Conversion of energy from light into electricity

SOLAR
SUNLIGHT
PANEL

CIRCUITRY
BATTERY
This chapter presents a synthesis of facts that supports the following topics: The

conversion of energy from light into electricity; the solar energy potential; mathematical

approach in determining efficiency; and calculating the time for a battery to be

completely charged. The Conversion of energy from light into electricity sunlight solar

panel charger circuitry battery. The Conversion of light energy to electrical energy

flowchart. Just as Law of Conservation of Energy states that “Energy cannot be created

nor destroyed but can only be transformed from one form to another”. This is where the

idea of solar energy came from, to transform the sun’s raging light into lifelong, useful,

and sustainable energy source for the human beings. Light basically from the sun is

absorbed by the Photovoltaic

5
(PV) cells (made of semiconductor material like silicon) or commonly known as solar

cells, and directly converts into electricity. When light strikes the semiconductor

material, a certain amount is absorbed which means energy from the source is

transferred into the material and magnetic field causes electrons to flow in a certain

direction that now produces the current. The power generated by the PV cells flow

through a circuit design to charge the battery.

Now with further study and understanding, solar energy can become the main

source of energy for all. Think Solar Energy, an online database stated that the solar

energy is the future source of our energy source and continuous improvement is a must.

2.2 Analysis of the Related Literature and Related Studies

In this section the related studies cited contains the information relevant to

the experiment. Scientific ideas and results are presented in order to provide

mathematical approach for identifying the efficiency of any device.

After the review of the related literature and studies, it was found out that there

were several studies about the efficiency of the different types of cellular phones

chargers. They were focused on the energy losses when the cellular phone is not

connected in the charger but the charger is still connected to the power source.

6
 CHAPTER III

Methodology

This chapter presents the kind of research design to use for the study as well as

the procedures of the experiment. The procedure used in this study was based on the

study regarding to the Energy Efficiency Battery Charger System Test Procedures. The

kind of research used in determining a portable solar-powered phone charger is

efficient.

Research Design

3.1 Materials Needed

Item no. Quantity Material Specification

1 23 Resistors 330 ohms, 390 ohms,1k ohms,1k

ohms ,1k ohms,1k ohms,1k

ohms,1k ohms,1.2k ohms,2.7k

ohms,2k ohms,3.3k ohms,7.5k

ohms ,24k ohms,30k ohms,33

ohms,43k ohms,470 ohms,51k

ohms,390 ohms,75k ohms,51k

ohms,100k ohms,2.2k ohms

2 3 Capacitor 10 microfarad, 220 microfarad, 10
microfarad
3 1 AMS1117
4 1 LM358P
5 1 Ceramic K16 G300

Capacitor
6 1 Capacitor SS CBB22
225j 400V
7 6 Diode N4007
MIC
8 2 Zener Diode 3.0v,4.0v
9 1 PCB
10 1 USB PORT
11 1 DC Plug and

Port
12 3 LED indicator Green
13 1 LED indicator Red/Green

bicolour
14 3 Transistor TL431A,SS8050 D 331,SS8050 D

331
15 1 Push Button

Switch
16 1meter Wire
17 1 AC Plug and

cord
18 1 On/Off Switch
19 1 Solar panel 3W
20 3 DC bulb lights
21 4 DC bulb light

switch
22 1 Battery Acid Base, 9Volts
23 spare

Table 3.1: shows the quantity, material and specification of the supplies use in

the construction of the unit.

3.2 Procedures

Tools and Equipment

 Screw drivers, Soldering iron, digital tester, pliers, and soldering pump

 Design each circuit on a PCB

 Assemble box or case for the project

 Install all the components in the circuit

 Make a test

 Install the complete component in the case, and

 Make a final testing

Fabrication and Construction Procedure

Assembling the casing of the project

 Putting the circuit into the Case

Soldering others parts and Encoding of Papers

10
 Finishing touches of the project

Operation

In the operation of this project. There are two ways in charging the battery which

is through direct AC charging and through solar panels.

In AC charging system, the battery is charged from ac power supply. The 220ac

voltage passes through the voltage dropping capacitor in series with the phase line and

connected in the bridge type rectifier. Transformer less power supply is also called as

capacitor power supply. It can generate 5V, 6V, 12V 150mA from 230V or 110V AC by

using appropriate Zener diodes. In solar panel charging system, series with a diode to

avoids battery voltage to go back to the panel under no-light condition. To avoid

imprecise voltage control due to varying diode drop, the sample is taken from the
 11

battery side, even if this means a very small power waste. A rectifier is connected to it

and passes through the voltage regulator (lm358) which regulates and increase the

amount of current to charges the battery.

Led indicator indicates if the battery is fully charged. When the indicator changed

red into green, it means fully charged. There are 3 indicators which determine how

much the capacity of the battery. And also led indicator for the solar panel which

indicate and determines if the battery is charging.

Testing Procedure

Testing procedure for AC Power Supply and Solar Panel Supply

Evaluation Procedures

In this section we evaluated and tested the system through solar panels. We

place the solar panel toward the sun where can receive direct sunlight. And plug the

panel cable into the socket which mentioned “Solar Power Input 9V” and the charging

indicator will be in red colour, when it turns into green colour, which means fully

charged. Charged by 9v, 3w one day as long as there is sunlight that receives direct to

the panels. And for ac power supply the charging time from the network: 10 hours. The

charging indicator will turn into green when fully charged.

13
 Assembling Procedures

ASSEMBLING THE BOX CONNECTION OF THE

OF THE PROJECT CIRCUITS

SOLDERING
INSERTING PARTS INTO
ADDITIONAL
THE CIRCUIT
COMPONENT

FASTENING PCB WITH PLACING THE CIRCUIT

SCREW INTO THE CASE

COMPARING THE
ACTUAL TO IDEAL TESTING THE PROJECT
VALUES

EVALUATING WITH THE FINALIZATION OF THE

USERS OUTPUT

14
 Troubleshooting Procedures

ENCOUNTER THE DETECT THE EVALUATING THE

PROBLEM PROBLEM PROBLEM

MAKE A MAKE A POSSIBLE

BRAINSTORMING
HYPOTHESIS SOLUTIONS

RESOLVE THE
TEST
PROBLEMS

Project Capabilities and Limitations

In case of emergency situation or for outdoor activities. This device can provide

as useful equipment which can help us to have an emergency charging system through

solar. Additional features of lighting kit or flashlights. This additional lighting components

which can help an individual to have an emergency light when have an unexpected

power interruption. And for the limitation of this project, when charging the phone do not

used led bulbs at the same time. When the led bulb goes dim, please charge the project

immediately. The battery will be earlier damage if the is charged when the led bulb

totally goes off. And for rainy season, the battery cannot be full charge by solar panel.

Do not use when the light getting dim, otherwise will damage the battery.
 External Parts of the Power Bank with Led Lights.Portable Solar
 16

CHAPTER IV
 Presentation of Results and Discussions

There are lots to do in evaluating, testing, and also brainstorming to make this

project being suitable and very useful to an individual. This section, we gathered all the

data that represents the results of this project.

This device typically an emergency charging system through the solar panels

which can charge mobile phones. And also have AC power supply can charge the

battery. Additional features for lighting system using led lighting system in case of

emergency situation or total power interruption. This device provide a charging system

for mobile phones or battery backup and also provide emergency lights. And this device

is a portable emergency kit which will carry anywhere you want and anywhere you go.

The lm 358 voltage regulator which can help the current regulates and increase

in supplying the battery and also have an ANS1117 components that serves as a heat

absorber which absorb excessive heat that can protect and prevent any damaged for

the other components.

We have three Led indicator can determined how much the battery is being

charged. When only 1 indicator lights on, the battery capacity is 1-20%. When it is 2

indicator lights on, the batter capacity is 21-59% and 60-100% for 3 indicator lights on.

This indicators will let us know if the battery if fully charged.

17
 Solar panel is removable and replaceable so that it can be separated from the

other components to be exposed and prevent direct heat from the sun when charging.

Project Structure

 Diagram of the Portable Solar Power Bank

With LED lights

SOLAR VOLTAGE
PANEL CONTROLLER

VOLTAGE CHARGING
AC INPUT DROPPING BRIDGE TYPE INDICATOR/
CAPACITOR RECTIFIER CONTROLLER

BATTERY
USB PORT

DC LIGHT CONVERTER
BULBS

16 LED
LIGHTS

The features of the device are

Emergency Universal Charger:

 USB single adaptors

 Low noise

 Portability

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  Regulated output

 Internal Load protection

Emergency Power Supply:

 5v output

 Internal overload protection

 Regulated power Output

Battery Charger:

 Regulated Output

 Automatic Charger

 Led indicator

LED lighting system:

 Low power consumption

 High efficacy

 Long Life
 19

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

OF THE CHARGING TIME OF THE BATTERY

When it comes to battery, regardless of the temperature of our surroundings, we

all know that charging the battery causes the heating in the system. It may cause the

components to function improperly or it may cause to melt and loose connection of the

components in the system. The ANS1117 component is connected to provide and serve

as a heat absorber or absorb the excessive heat or unwanted heat. Thus, preventing

the system to be damage from heating.

Table 1. Charging time of the Battery on Solar Power Supply

CHARGING PERIOD BATTERY CAPACITY

8:00 am - 5:00 pm 2 Light Indicators
8:00 am – 12:00 pm 1 Light Indicator
12:00 pm – 5:00 pm 1 Light Indicator

Table 2. Charging time of the Battery using the Direct AC power Supply

CHARGING PERIOD BATTERY CAPACITY

3 HOUR 1 LIGHT INDICATOR
5 HOURS 2 LIGHT INDICATORS
7 HOURS 3 LIGHT INDICATORS
20

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE VOLTAGE LEVEL OF THE

BATTERY AFTER A LOAD CONSUMED FOR A PERIOD OF TIME

 The discharging time of the battery is tested simultaneously with different type of

the load depending on what features of the project is needed. The tables below provide

how much the charged battery will last when using the emergency lighting system or

when using the Emergency Mobile Charging System. How many times it can fully

charge the battery of the mobile phone? When using the lighting system, how long will it

last the battery to be drained?

DISCHARGING PERIOD OF THE BATTERY

NO. OF LIGHT BULB USED DISCHARCHING PERIOD

1 DC LED LIGHT BULB 30 HOURS
2 DC LED LIGHT BULBS 15 HOURS
3 DC LED LIGHT BULBS 6 HOURS
LED LIGHTS(20pcs) 20 HOURS
MOBILE CHARGING 40 HOURS or 8-10 phones

21

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter shows the summary of findings, conclusions, and recommendations

based on the interpretation and astute evaluation of the data gathered.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The research project was a success that is all features are working properly.

Charging of phone are working properly which is the main feature of the project

including the charging of the battery from a renewable source specifically solar energy

from the sun by photovoltaic effect through solar panel. This project is surely useful for

different kind of long term outdoor activities such as camping in the wilderness where in

you don’t have access to outlets to charge your mobile phone or to have light sources

which is an additional feature of the project.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the test and evaluation. Making decision to use a solar powered

battery bank to recharge a mobile phone can offer many benefits, particularly when

travelling, camping and essentially for the long term outdoor activities. This removes

the need to find a suitable power source to charge a phone when travelling and

22

outdoor activities and means that there is no need to worry about voltages and

adapters in different countries. The fact that a solar powered battery bank stores a

greater amount of power that it is suitable to use in climates where sunshine may only

be intermittent as the battery bank would not have to be recharged with solar power

every single day. Some solar powered battery banks can charge more than one phone

at a time which makes them even more cost effective. The fact that only solar power is
used to charge the mobile phone means that using the battery bank is a completely

environmentally friendly process.

We conclude that our project study named “PORTABLE SOLAR POWER BANK

with LED LIGHTS” is affordable, reliable, efficient, safe and environmental friendly to

an infidel who will used it.

RECOMMENDATIONS

We researchers of this project recommend that they must add an additional

features which can give another benefit to an individual like multiple USB adaptors or an

mp3 players which individual can give you reliability and relaxation or entertainment in

terms of music. Also if you were able to adopt this project make sure to use better

materials to lessen its weight. You can also increase the size of the battery to use all the

features longer and for better satisfaction to the user. The solar panel can be replace to

a foldable solar panel to increase charging period of the battery.

23

BIBLIOGRAPHY

RESEARCHERS PROFILE