ENRIQUEZ, ANGELIQUE JADE C.

BSN 3 C14

MA’AM MYRA ANDRES

RLE 112: DRE, VIA & UTZ preparation

Prevalence, Age Distribution, and

Risk Factors of Visual Inspection
With Acetic Acid
REFERENCE: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5503222/

https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/searo/tobacco/trainees-
handbook.pdf?sfvrsn=6778145d_2

AUTHOR: Laila Nuranna,Nyoman Bagus Donny,Gatot Purwoto, Hariyono Winarto,

Tofan Widya Utami, Tricia Dewi Anggraeni, and Alexander A.W. Peters

PUBLICATION DATE: June 30, 2017

REACTION:

What caught my attention the most is the wide age range of the respondents of
this research. It was undoubtedly astounding when the result showed that a lot of
women below thirty and above fifty years of age tested positive in the research's VIA
screening test in Jakarta, Indonesia. The WHO's trainee handbook for VIA, HPV
detection test and cryotherapy that was published in 2017, says that "All women within
the eligible age (30-49 years old) attending the cervical cancer screening clinic for the
first time should have VIA, provided the screening protocol recommends the test.".
Therefore, the research suggests that VIA screening tests should be performed to all
reproductive age and elder women who are not screened yet. The research also says
that age is only one of the factors to consider whether a woman should undergo a VIA
screening test. Variables such as marriage, parity, smoking habits, and the use of
hormonal contraceptives can contribute to the eligibility for a woman to undergo a VIA
screening test.
NURSING IMPLICATION:

a. Nursing Education

It is important for student nurses to learn the prevalence, age distribution

and risk factors of visual inspection with acetic acid, because VIA is a very
important because in recent years, there has been a rise in the incidence of
prostate cancer with 11.8% and of Cervical Cancer with 9.1% of total population
with cancers (WHO, 2018). Routine screening for the disease has become a
well-accepted clinical practice.

b. Nursing Research

Since only few researches are available regarding prevalence, age

distribution and risk factors of visual inspection with acetic acid, the gaps in the
study can be fulfilled by future nursing researches.

c. Nursing Practice

If it is proven that age is only one of the factors to consider whether a

woman should undergo a VIA screening test and a lot of other variables can
contribute to the eligibility for a woman to undergo a VIA screening test, we may
include women under thirty and over fifty years of age to health education
regarding VIA.