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    35 views32 pages

    Comminution Manual PDF

    Uploaded by

    FranciscoCorreaJara

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Ac Ball ei tae ‘charge and power Commration index 02 “Eaclton of charge Az Gretaion actor {tcston of power aS By seve eiues o wont 63 Specie care As Separate efeeney ‘Torque tacos AS é Decenpion be Esa As Power cin, Bs archoges AT Hse power reauclon Ds Sryngeamparnant ar Yevaues BF Corning media Tromp cure nb charges As Desa. 08 tars Large alle x Evore oo Ererges Sat bas io ecto lini commehe cee me Various - Sandan charge somegelione 812 : Sundar charge compostons.-—A12 Fone ‘Wearen thar mesa. ats fan eatultons 22 tPece wes and specie src. ANS Fan eatultone 2 53 ‘Sanping loci mesa Ate ‘rand heat caning ana ners Densties and cp-atues es anspor auch i Att Yaroue foruss Es Sarma peness nl ar Wot ana ary temperature es Heat bles Earle aie narra = Closed Grea ging, Cavett. at Prot be meesurerenis e8 Prt ibe easements £3 8: Rollersress Fate a eatlaton z10 Layout Meise eles. et Pre-gindns 82 Sieve to mech conversions e Saris ining 83 Unit ronstomatong a eH Pan gen = Be Rote press ealatons Syme Bs Foes 38 Spats 37 Vertes its Lay Aesnatves ce one ml 23 Power consumption cs ining nese ce utters Nowe ng os Dam ing eo cs —————— Heat balances, am 2 Etlecwe ameter of compareat nl ecive antl companment in . Volume of companment 7 Vamisiore in ‘he Cane dance (vO used in page A) af Ball mill no 8 jo He Front Hono %9 0 io Sonic charge ther pag8 A) a i we: ‘Bulk weight (from page AS} (vm Fhe FE Foo .w-v 0 Saini Pages ae Sai (Giarge end Power —Galeviation of power Compartment power consumption Aum of gravity in relaon to mil diameter Rational speed ofthe mil. om] Acceleration ol gravy (mies Angle of isplacemont n Ni Power consumption by compartment al mil shel N2F-g-D-a-sina: 1-60 fewoeny sina isthe torque factory. Standard valves from page A. N=0514-F-n-p-D-a eomteon) Where tie constant 0514 s (9: 1/80) Critleal speed ‘The crea speed neis the speed, where the centiugal force at the mil ining i equa othe graiatonal force 23 tom nerd Normal mil speeds are 70 ~ 80% ofthe cca speed Bai Page As [charge and power Specific charge no a Tae 4 9.000 045 S| 0.200 O6e7 52 000s 0490 4.4 | 0205 o6ss 246 Sor 042s 487 | 0210 o6se 281 Gots oa a1 | 021s oses 235 oz oasis 475 | 0220 0570 28 ‘085 0452 458] 0.225 0676 224 00% 0457 © 452 | 02:0 o6ne 218 box 0462 458 | 0235 0688 12 poo 043 449 | 240 0683 207 boss 0473 463 | 0245 0699 20.1 D050 047s «a8 | 0250 0705 196 boss fase 430 | 0285 ait 180 060 a4 424 | 0260 0717 185 Oss ous «41a | 028s ore 179 oor oso 411 | a27 ‘ores 174 ‘007 0507 405 | 0275 _07s4 168 doo ost2 320 | 020 ora 183 | nos osia 392 | 0285 075 158 | | oe 0827 © 386 | 0290 o7s1 153 oss 020 380 | 0208 0757 _ 148 ‘100 0534 S74 | 0.900 ores 142 | 10s ost 267 | 00s 0769 © 137 ono ose 361 | 0310 0775 132 oss oss ass | 0315 oer 127 O20 oss? 349 | 0320 _a7e5 122 ‘925 0562 aaa | 0.905 0792 118 0190 sea 338 | 020 O78 | 113 0435 0574 330 | 0505 0800 108 bio 079 s24 | O00 “DeIO 103 ous oss 915 | oss osie 987 O4s0—0se1 a12 | 0.350 ages 947 0185 0596 308 | 0355 0828 Ags 0x60 0602 300 | 0360 0893 ast O46s 0808 204 | 0365 0839 807 e170 oss 288 | oso oases 7.64 0.178 osi9 2e2 | 0375 oast 7.22 oie 0625 275 | 0380 esr 6.80 oes 0600 270 | 0385 ess 6.30 10 0635 264 | 0300 0869 599 0195 0642 28a | 0305 0875 550 a cana be calculated a5 2= 0.009. (967-9) a Page Aa haga and power Tava tor at] cnaog [uring] ama] pew. | Tote iio | Tee ytg | Tare | Bate aS a8 Gomme | | none | nase | 60 | one oe] | ounte| sa | 43 | 078 tener | sore | 43 | 008 camer Tear | ae} 2s Oa md none [oye | 47 | 070 el tone finesse] 47 | ose tom Fine | S| oanua | gate | 48 | ort || bonte |yete| 47 | 075 | [oom [unees| 47 | oe Sea] Rane Coa] 5] 07 AY tex | None | Stone | 1.5 | 075 wane | Bae | <3} Conse None | Rods | 60 | 050 amd | set carve | oats | 3 | ose pees Sonex | Bas | 43 | 059 sy ane | a] 5] OF wo | ce fea | tom [ovens | «7 | oes mut [vent | <2 | 067 unas |cypes| 7 | 067 sue!| Hore | aire | 15 | 095 [Wash ie Silex yes ties | sow | v8 | 00s — wae | oa a steam sane | cot | 2s | 090 cal sie son weve [eyes] «7 | 089 | woson |_| oan opens] a7 | a7: Page AS [Chargniaoc peer emnnow ENTeearn 3] Examote Ina UMS 42 19 mit running wth 16.0 pm, the flowing was cneasutes ist comoarimant D=401m (=389m — H=275m Secon compartment D=a1am Lx83am H Ccalulations for first compariment Vet: (201 mj 3.89m =49.4 mt WD =2.7514.01- 4 = 0.206 From page A: q= 27.0%: trom page AS: b= 4.3 ume “Caleplatlons for second compartment Ve rr/ (413 my -8.38m= 1123.0" WO=2014.13-% 20.100 From page A: @= 27.5%: fram page AS: =4.5 tin? EsQ76l100-45um.ti2a.m= 19941 Power calculations N05 Fay D8 pene) ust compartment From page A.t @ = 0.630; From page AS: =0.73 Nx 0514.57.01. 161m 0,794.01 m-0:690 N= 88S kuvlne ‘Second compartment: From page A.t: a= 0.625; From page AS: N= 0514. 12841. 160%9m-0.69 4.19 m: 0.625 Ms 2042 AWine Page AS ‘Charge and power Max charges Drying compartment specie charge Pe) Bas | Cypeds By, % a um | wetsskwnt | 34 a | Wet <5 xwnt 28 26 Tom Beomparimenis | 92 2 ‘-eomparments | 28 Ti Bcomparimenis | 28 2% Fos 35 Six Cora 38 ‘Wash Onur 34 ‘Oveaan 28 = ace |e 3 315. 7 UMS a+ @ 30a compariments 46 24 ‘| 50 238 54 28. . 3 349 second 38 2S compariment 2 2 UMS w Slanex 6 313 Disphvagr, 50 304 ' 5a bos ower consumption of drying comszmment Dee Nominal diameter of crying comparment [rm] Loe Nominal lngth of drying compartment im) Noe Pawar consumption of crying compartment {kW{net} ‘The power consumption cf crying compartment can be caledlated as follows For raw and coment mil Nac ® 15° Dac"? (boc 0.4) For coal ils ‘Moc * 08° Oac?*: (Lec 2-4) Balm wired] tewinen Page? Grinding media Equilibrium charaes Equilbrium charae, definition ‘an equim charge isthe dstribution of bal sizes that wil be feased when operating @ bal mil fr along lime, compensating “the wear Oy adcng balls of one speci size, and removing the tail, whicn are smal than hall he damoter ofthe ball size teed for compensation “The equilibrium charge is characterised bythe diameter ofthe ball ize used fr compensation. Euitrium charges may be mixed 1 adjust the required piece ‘inigh and surage area, Two or more ball sizes are then used for “Te average piace weight and the speci surlace ol an uiviom charge wit norma ste! bas can be calculated fsevoring §=0001913.0,7 ‘ai [men ‘hore Deis the ameter in mm of the al size used for ‘compensation Pages E z Hom fq Sunows jonbo u1 peonponu ave fou “pals ave uonesvedwoD J) $9218 01 OU 88 [65 | 1S [or [ty | at | ve | oe | se | ez |woe]zet]ozi|uaw] nbs saepne Sy so {os | or |e | ec | ve |e | vz | ez | iz Jeet liviloss|uaw se] vest | oz [oc ee | ee | ez fees [zor era [ove fer] "8 oS} 01 | oi | iz | gz | ov | es 1 ep |v2s |v [ave leze [oir | 6 Wear rs haw 22 laws is ale ivawer zlalel|e haw ie selec |ve|er|e | s waz loi v2 [is Par [ev | ee [oe fares [ozse 12 | ev | uv | ov few rst [Bere 81 | se fiw 921 |6 990 or for [st | Si [oz | oz | ge psec fos Charsee sliz}o|e|e zo les |er|oc| a sz [is Par | tr sequous ui 832 ne sz|sz loc |e | or | ov | os | 05 | og [oes ® | ee | oc | © 25 | og jun |. (eben uonesr sz] | oe | © [oy |" | o5 [0% [65 | 08 june] tos uonosu2duoo| “unisarinbs oj 590 ous jen RepuEWLRODED ——avainbs 10} se6re4e jen pepusuogey | a iow estou ate ysorpons fou ones omuegeistven eee asiuy:, | 8) [esran yon |ear|earfonfenysu|eor] ze] e6/ Fo 2 5) jevilocr lee loulezlenleo|ro|ss|zslee| rn 20 | 58 Joa [ozs | es is [soci ova fat siz roe 8] {sos | 210 | 08 |roos| obs lez: [oon zest [sce atte lene osu g) Pepe ee (ou (alfa | elles renee elizfalalalalelclelelels elelelzlelalntalels iss si [eeper|eepse|e[ te} a Tepe Toye ats] ot fee za |e| ain la ai | ge || ie | oe | te La ofl pee |e pe : se [or far | ce + : E] [oe [or | oF | oF | 8 | os aan ose =| [0c | 0 | 06 | oe 05 | ca: loos oz cant q if 5] | °° a cs ob (s}oa vonesvedwo: e ] [az | % | | os | ot oo allo) je ee ete ee | e Plsresesiey 75] so ua pS : [Grinding media Standard charge compositions _] iS -qareaee First compartment inital charge: Cement raw mi 52 pe Bes-boRe aaa L mm 70 mm 50mm eelee| apse bea Gane [ aoe [ae | 2a e Compensaton: som 2 [ee apee [eelealt Ina place west 15009 ie Equilibrium piece weight: 1395.9 lee eekon (ekale 2 @| agen [2 ala a2 ‘Coal mi: c aaa ee Esee+ ieals sig (30mm 40mm Oman | ae alg SSS Ses jake]. Raae~ fralzel are Sipalos| saak legals _tnal piece weight 5839 Beas] Shae 8 Si Sg Eaulonum plese weigh: 1629 [a fee] -“aisael F283|5 Eapal paces EReln Intermediate compariment ntl charge Beka) Heees|s [8 BIB Ble (iines compartment ens) ela iss] ssleen|. eee als a + 2 ig Ban] _amm [some zeae ole a ale = o|- es ale a | ae i 2f3 bees le ale als ‘Compensation: 50 mm Ee a 2 Sie als inal piece woh zg SEE f Eeultorum pace weight 239 E gee EERE > oF Eh ce eid Z =] eer? E :|2 EEGEEEE ; a|Sigeaivesl lB & | $8 S315 3 E b/s esas es a Baim Paget Page ate [Grinding media Standard charge compositions Fine grinding compartment inal charge: Non-caestyng lining: false wari mm [20mm ma ‘Open 20% 0% 40% Cosed 40% 0% 20% ‘Ooen ‘Ghsed compensation: bok 25mm 25mm Initial piece weight 239 200 Equllonm piece wolght: 209 30g Classtving tng Barna Bam [Aon | nm | smn | eon | ism 10% | tom | 6% | 20% | so% 15%, (Compensation, somm 25% ‘i 25mm 75% Init piace weight: 206 Equitorum piece weight: 38g Raw mill with glassifying fining (one compartment mils): Balsa mm [Oram [Ome | 60 mm | SOram [aS mm | 2mm Tie [1m | 13% | ae | tase | tm | 10% Compensation: 0m: 60% | 0mm, 4075 Inia piece weight: 1399 Equitovom piece weight 1225 Coal mill with classifying ining (one compartment mils) el am [om [Sam | mm | zomm | ism tite [tee tem | 2% 23% | 10% Compensation: Somm: 22.5% 40mm 22.5% 20mm 55% intial piace weight 709 Equiiom piece weight 759 Ball mil Page ATS ‘Wear on grinding Grinding mi Casi Mea chrome atioy| aE - 1225 Mn 0-12 Analysis. mcr 12-28 Mo 02-05 Tarinese | BAC 3-55 Wear in aikWh taken up by compartment Page Ata 7 carga bats 10-25 Wet Small als 15-90 Cypebs 15-30 is Tage bale aa Raw | Smatlbals 4-3 Crloebs ihe, Tage bais 2s Cement | Smal bats 1-3 Crloebs 13 wing media surface 4: Diameter of ball Imm fs Spectic weight of material gem") Pisco weight op ‘a 1 9=7.8 glem™ (normal stee) f=00041-0° ‘al & Specific sutace (oon) Ima (may For examination of a gfinding media charge, take out not less than 200 plces fein each sampling spot # compartment 1, and no less than 2000 form compariment 2. Extract fram under the Centrale and dig as deeply as possible. Broken macia is sorted ‘ut, Separate in atone as shown in examples on page A. Calculation of eutace is based on the average place weight and lon the assumption that all the media are of sphaical shape, Ths ‘sumption also applies 1 cylinctical yipebs. ince weigh and speci suice of hh aca of fe cag is cated tom the man*teciot by sagrding mana ‘ast ned ‘ass han Pal ameter of the largest size used for compensation for wear, et In compartments with eassivingtning the charge normally Consist of two aqulloram charges eonsituting @coaree-arnding fanaa ne-grnding charge, thar properians being detrminod {uring the meneioning ahd adjstod during running in The classifying ellect is most clearly expressed in the proportion Between ce woh tel en and outlet the Bali min “Pages ([Ginaing media Sampling of grinding mesa] Example 1: _Ballcharge Compartment t - compensated for wear wih 99 rm ball Faction] Wea] a | wo. 2 7 O, trem) | gram) | owen | wy Bows] Tose | BO] ee] 2008 | 858 [o.sos Se_7e| erar | 290 | 38 | 2158 | ase |0.779 Jonas | 2008 | 213 | 44 | 1365 | 1108 | 0.666 Gecss| cost | 143 | 40 | 1009 | 1225 | 0.499 $8748 | s300 | os | ao | ae7_| 1560 [0379 cas [2a [10] 13 | 22 | 2025 proven | soe | 1 | 7 | a1_| 1628 “otal | 282.62 Ze i Tae Main trac 548 mans BTER9 Kg 027669 on = 879% ~ 185 media Place weight Specie sutace Examoin2: oypebscharge | Compariment2- Expertated for wear wih 25 25m eyes Fracion | Wet ~1..1 3 y oe Pat] = | Teen] ta [ot wasp ae pez] oe] as? | 2e8 [oae Zs s0s| ass |osa| 58 | 620 | 2090 | ovsa|- H3.i73| 210 | 200| 43 | 238. | Seas | oore irs-t40| 149 [148] se | 266, 4119 | 0061 Migries| 038 | 5a | so | sar [ sez | oom Sz3* pair Pt] te | 65 | S588 Gocen | cos | os | 7 | sas | szee Toi | 1008 Bei 380 Tin faaion 7125 re 95 Rg ~ 200885 On = 96% ~ 218 esa 2800 proce wont 1a SBR n452 9 yiace : 0 GBB Speci ou famine ith, laa ee PogeATe Bail il Transport through mill [Grinding and fineness Normal fineness in mill “eanspert capacity of material through grates: a a Closed crcut_8- 12mm Tai partion ry | 2nd, partion approx. 5 uldmth) Outer cate ‘Wath of so Namal, om wet | tet, parton a mem) 2nd. partion 9 milena) Outlet gate to _milém®n) Waan | Posgheral Gale 30 mineminy Gum | incinedoutet grate | 25 *_m¥sem*n) ‘Transport capacity of mateial through mil body: 20-30 yp Normal fineness o grncing material in the mi wo compartment mi: a0 % 402 wT B.18% +05mm + Atparition 25-4% 10mm max. 05% 320mm “Tee compsrtment il * 52% sos mm io-20% 308mm Firat parton Nee nove 320mm ‘Second partion ear “The samples are taken inside or immediatly in front ofthe pation. Ealrmill Page Ra Heat balance Exomple ofa heat balance fora ball mil fal mil tube ont) Faw Temp cp ‘Heat im vy" _eatig© Mean FFesaon a0 ose 0186 1516 hater in foe 02 20 ©6100 etn ms. 20 11401862169 lorincing neat 2498 lac me 260 © oma 139 Fatce scniet oo 25002 zta Fates a, outer 22 75002413 water, te 00 to0 [FoTAL Ww ae our fesiener ial vera tia? 08663 lwaterin proavet | 00 1160 © 4.000 lwater even 20 1160 ©0459 1285, rota ar 239 1160 0246 676 surtace oss 99 [rorat our ae ‘ater evan : The water inthe fed and the wale from the water Injection is evaporaed al °C and the staam is heated 1 116 2.0. {595 + 0.453. 116) Meavh = 1295.Meaim “The amount of ai out of the mil ube is 24.9 Yh (Aicin + Water Evaporated). Al the oul the sr Pas a density of 0:90 kal ‘The st amounts 77 mls. Ae 4:2 m mitwil ave ar00 {rea of 87m (ith 20% filing degree). The velocity nthe eal {be is bws 0.80 mis. For Gp values see page E2 grinding eat calculation and Surface loss. see page E3. Page Ate zs ea Closed Circuit grinding Layout Typical layout of closed ciruit ringing: Separatar with product coleton in cyclones: (ers maxcmum heal preservation for maximum drying inthe mil, males! posible iter one pressure crop over soparater system. al “Separator with product collection infer. Ofer maximum cooling of he product: Both systems may be designed to oer pay recycling a ne ‘separator ar forthe best compromise between the two solutions Ball mi Page AT Roller prove B: Roller press Page 87 Layout Semifinish grinding Layout Pre: ea ' auctor asst Feed | en | as contra eas = fone Feed press ” Flow spiiter eves aa oases | rate to ‘ali «| Fow spitter contol ao between material rexyeied 19 rolt Semisinisharlnding layout press end pressed material to ball mil + Separator controls rata between material recycled 10 role + Rolar pres epectic power consumption: press and pressed material to bal mil. =. “aio -s kWh material To bal mis + Desgalemeration and separation may be combined In ons + tee pracscreuiation factor = machine Foie press throughpunew feed reel + ler pres specie power consumption Opto _1# Kivi material ball il + aller press circulation factor Flr press hroughpuimew fee: 25-6 ae a Me i Page 82 Roller press oiler press TI ayeut Finish grinaing ([Rotiecpress calculations ‘Symbols ? Moveable roller Fixed roller =o | ; G—Rollerdiameter eh Eee ei Doagelomerier ce Beparaicr] i Rallerspees (om) ered ‘ Rellrpeieral velocty tvs} rat Gand bes sous tm ‘ Fler force w Finish srindina vous 8 Hydraulic pressure bed A Pisionarea it) + Separator controls ratio between material recycied to roller press and pressed material to babel esa tf + Deaggiomeration and eeparaton may be combines in one on 7 Ft machine a ‘ 5° Bansiyo pressed mater trom) “+ Separator may be dvidad inte a gt separalor and separator Torque factor HW aie eee © kot Spc oir pressure ei + Role press specie power consumplion (cement grinding): oter press capac wm “tata 30 KP fished product i ‘ Ns Pawer consumption ro + ofr press circulation factor = Faller press rougrouunew feed Specific power consumption (wwnt eae Cllr preeseeulation factor H Ps New feed to roller press wm i ie Nene | Se eae Roller press PageBS Pages “otal lle force Tis calculated from the hycraule pressure ar ine nomber ané area of the hydraulic finders hard neal © oy “ypieat roller press parameters ‘Specific roller pressure ky. the toll force dvd by the ee oer ees Vey TR] | Wa= 18 pre the miter ac amen and sag), Spector pressure (me en Peripheral velocity v of the rollers is calculsted rom the rer ‘speed and the ler diameter | eaas tier ee =P: (960) (rvs rae TT | oa7=O Grading bed wero) | TE=BSSC~*Y Power consumption N of he roar pass Is calculated from the a Sppled tata ores, the parpheral velocity and te ling torque Densiy of pressed meter! Qn] | 22-27 | factor between material and oer suiace Nepery ww foc when using ihe specie roller pressure: Nepekr O- Wey ew “Throughput cépacity Mot the roller press is caleufatec from the ifickness of the gncing bad, the density ofthe pressed malarial, the wit ofthe rellors and the penoherlvelonity Ma36-3°5°Wev wn ‘Specific power consumption Et applied to the matarial al each ‘ass Unough the roller ares Is the pawer consumption divided by {he throughout eapaciy: s Ere NM thn ‘Roller press circulation factor Cis the throughput capacity ‘vided by the new Teed ale Came 4 Specific power consumption E apctied tothe product fom the fale press eyetom (ined pcoduet > product fo bal mil) she Specie power consumption applied to the material al each pass Through the rller prose molpsed bythe erclation faci EsC-et rewnt Pages Roller press aE ee Roller prose Pape 87 Vertical mi C: Vertical Mills Page 01 Layout aie “There are hwo basic layouts of he VAM systom; product ceallecion in eylone(s) or product colaction in tite. Below only the ducting used withthe miln operation is shown, recut collection in eylonas Todedusting a Heat source | ee Produit collection in file: t_ et = yo dias 4s = _1 Page? Vertical mil yap tse agg ce Semin tegemsce yam an ete Beat tpeesy> “77 aan mm vom oom en BE ony Fart toog ete i pene ee Dues asscOR283 0 mon Tk a | TOOT [ie — emery —[o-6 Vertical mill ealculations Grinding pressure Femmulas apy for Alok and OK mis ony Piston sod @ L Shock =| |b “Te grinding prossure F, consists F=Fat Fa oe Fae Ma 9.81 11000 oe and Fac= Pos (Oop? (Dyn) BAA 100A) “The speriie grinding pressure wil hen be KreFIA (uv “The mechanical insruction vl mos! len encose a greph giving the corelaton Between Pha ant Kr. Vertical all Page os Milt internal Nozzle ang The nozele sng area the tres area, perpendiewar to he Ghechon of tha gas How, a5 measured atthe shortest cistance Betwoen the labia and ihe ai guide cone: Tanouse Dam ing Going able Gas tow direction “The gas velocity in the nozzle rng wil normally be inthe range a8: S05, ‘The higher the velociy, theless mater fas through the nozzle ‘ing, Page Ge Vertical iu | . ae ae Seen Dé Closed circuit grinding co pes Rates rae SaaS (Ciauiatton actor By aleve residues or ve weight rom seve rescues: 4 H xR, +(-1R Material balance: GxRy oe feck Giedation fete = Fa By wah : a oo ™ GeP Gredatontecto «= C= OS Closed circuit grinding [Separator efficiency ___—ieseviption Separator efficiency as enduetion in power consumption: (Operating in ciosed circuit with a separator, nomaly resus ina reduction inthe specie power consumption, Te sizeof he reduction depends onthe ecincy of he Teparaon the fineness level oe product and of he culation fact By appying he formulas for Vs ard Bae, the saving ia KWH Shtahed by using 2 saparalr can be determined. The aledatons are Barad onthe residues found nthe samples Fi, Bn “Typical values fr eficiency, Vs, eating fo residues in the interval 32-48 micron 1 st generation separators: CV.Heyd, Sutevant Vs =25- 40% ‘2nd generation separators EC, Wedag, ZUB Ve= 49-60% 24d generation separators: Sepax,©-Sepa, Sepol —-Vs=75-85% Separator sficiency as recovery of ines UU: Separator eeieney as recoverrot tes (el Separtcrefiency measured as Recovery of Pines is calvated sctordng fo the expression 1, 100-Ry Us Sane rate a ‘The method can be used for comparison between separators Operating a he same crevlaton factor. ‘The method does not quantity Ihe power redution. [Tromp cove as Example 8 Percent to coarse 8 8 6 8 8 a8 8 tam-ainy vegans ness Closed eieuit grinding Page D9 =e Tromp curves: Factors of inf “The shape ofthe Tromp eure i intuenced by the fllowng factors Separator sian. Later generation separators designed wih more favourable ‘geometry, resulting n higher valuss lor Keppa and low By-Pass vate. Material toad. Excessive matesial loading esis in increased by-pass andlower Kappa value Normal ranges: Product load: 9.85 kgim* Feed loa 2-25 kgim= Alrtiow: Insulcent alow results la higher by-pass valve and lower Kappa value Increase in circulation factor leads 1 increase Inthe by-pass vane ‘Geinding ai. “Tne use of grinding aid may counteract agglomeration resulting Inveduced by pase value and increased shagpness of separation. Analysis method, Difren laser analysis methods may ive allerant resus CCompaison of Tromp curves should be done using the sa smeasueng method ie Page 0.10 Closed circu grinding E: Various calculations: Fans Fan epees trom) pe Tole prassutedifrence over fan bes pe Ps fmmwe} Ne Fan power consumption ww) ©: Volume flow atiniet [) rn Fanettesency by D: Diameter of fan impeller [rm Density of lean gas tigi 5 Dustcontentin gas tigi) Wan changing fan speed andlor density: where the subst te’ refers to the values the lancurve is based upon, The fan power cansumption canbe calulate! rom the Now and the pressure differance over Ihe fan pes 9.81 pas mms eee i000 WTR ad 1 can vary rom 0.60 foro ype open bade impeller types to 0.88 fora modem closed impeller tah cured blades. Page 62 Various | Fan calculations i ‘The characters oa an canbe changed by chong he ameter a given impel eg [mes] s 8] ase | wn 3 = ae (Kr) nor (ef wn changing the siarele af tha fan impor causes te same Changes 2s changing the fan speed ‘ Various ae [Ricona heat Densities and Cpvaiues — he Ghavorage oo |i | SS | HO Tsteamy 0.808 Dass a aE Taa8 Kan gas? | 136 Oa Alrwith 75% rl humility st 20 °C at sa love kun gas: Cro: 4.0%; COeya: 32.0% and modsture content of (0.05 kg He0 kg cry gas 2. Cp-average for the gases are the average values in the interval 0~409°C o UkcalikgyC] Roe |B ": Cp-average for the materials are he average values in the inveral 0 200°C Page Ea Various pe Specc dnaty of gas thon pany oa gs rae 1 Tengernre re) bs Bwomatic preure maby bg Barmtcpessre ts vl Sess nar or 10339 mG. alg it above sea ea rs deren mwa} Ul rasan ra oe oneeeinte eer crete ae Ve Gas amount at actual conditions: im) omc oee eS] Pane tg 0a i et | otume: — Syeaien meas oa areca |e ‘ss volume Vi wn temperature ae Bessa pil change {ols when temperature andor press. es 0 1s 2nd be ‘27+ bftg 10333 +, -y peop eS ir Ve-ViZra3t, Blog 10383+p2 |! Heat of evaporation of water: 55 Koaukg at 0 Electrical eneray to heat: TWh equals B60 kcal Heat transmission rom a surface: 8 calvrCi for tee convection. $012 keally'Cin* trom forced convection. 1000 kel from a cament mil surace 599 kealkg at 100°C. Pages a ary temperature a : i Le ae: Dey thermemotor Page E6 Various 2 . es : 2 2f lo Gases ‘Subact 25 °C trom the actual Sewpont and use he graph. Various Page 7 ic lbe measurements be Dynamic pressive im} feasts nmiic) eee ee a thin Ime) ©: inside diameter cut ni ©: Volume tow of gas Oeg.0%¥ ims Ok Masstowolgae Q=5-D? vp tko’s) Quant in int -0-8 in ‘Measuring points must as far as possible be situated ona straight Strath of pipe wth norm flow, without obstuctons tke blancs ‘or dampers. There should be a straight steich of minimum 53D Before and 20 afer the measuring pol. a Connections Pe Manometer branches to bath nozeles Pe One manometer branch to~ ‘ype ilo tube i used the gas Sivam a st ld The Gyan re crected wil afar of Bisshetore he normal omuine ae Normal pilot ube Pages Various [Hrananeat Pitot tube measurements I] “The gas flow ina pipe ig never norm throughout is cross {oeion, and Py shoul be ealeusted as an average value f the ‘measured values taken alte tabulated points Below. Fame =D Peed were ns the number of measurements includes. (rm) p

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