1.Define injury.

>.Clinically its defined as solution or disruption of the anatomical continuity of any tissues of the

body.

>.Legally under section 44 IPC ,its defined as any harm body whatever illegally caused to any

Person inbody, mind reputation or property.

>.Mechanical injuries-Are those,which are caused by the physical violence to the

body,depanding on the manner and how they are caused.

>.examples: blunt force injury/sharp force injury/fire-arm injury.

2.what do you mean by hurt?

>.forensic medicine is defined as a branch of medical science that deals with the application of

medical knowledge for the administration of law and justice.the word hurt and injury are

similar in many ways but hurt is defined according to sec.319 IPC and injury is defined

according to sec.44 IPC.according to sec-319 IPC hurt means bodily pain, disease or infirmity

caused to any person.injury is defined by legally and medically.legally it is defined by according

to sec-44 IPC injury is any harm,whatever illegally,caused to any person in body,mind

reputation or property.medically an injuryor hurt literally means any physical harm[trauma]

which caused structural changes in the body of a person.it is two types based on the severity

[legally] Simple and grievous hurt.

3.mention section 320 of india penal code.

>. Section 320 in indian panel code

320. Grievous hurt-The following kind of heart designated as "grievous" :-

(First)- Emasculation.

.(Secondly)-Permanenet privation of the sight of either eye.

(Thirdly)-Permanent privation of hearting of either ear,

(Fourthly)-Privation of any member or joint.

.(Fifthly)-Destruction or permanent impairing of the powers of any member or joint.

(Sixthly)-Permanent disfiguration of the head or face.

(Seventhly)-Fracture or dislocation of bone or thooth.

(Eighthly)-Any hurt which endangers life or which causes the sufferer to be during the space of tewenty
days of severe bodily pain, or unable to follow his ordinary persuits.

4. Define Abrasion. What do you mean by imprint abrasion?

>.ABRATION

. Destruction of the skin loss of superficial epithelial layers of skin.

. Heals rapidly without scar formation.

Causative agents

> Blow

> Fail

> Finger nail

> thorn

> Tooth - bite

IMPRINT ABRASIONS: caused by the impact of rigid hard tough surface over a famalized areas of the skin
without any movement.

5. Enumerate various classifications of injury.

>.1. Mechanical : Abrasions

Contutions

Lacerations

Incised

Stab

Fire arm

Fractures and dislocations

2.Termal: Due to heat- burns and scalds

Due to cold-forstbite, trench foot,immersion foot

Chemical burns

Radiations burns

Electric burns

Lightening burns
 Explosive burns

. Other View Of Types Of Injuries.

1.Self inflicted injuries.

2.Defence injuries

3.Offensive injuries.

4.Unintentional injuries

5.Fatal and non fatal injuries.

. Medicolegal Classifications

1. Depending upon severity- Simple injuries and grievous injuries.

2.Another Classifications- Suicidal, homocidal,acidental,defence and false.

3.Depending upon moment of death- Ante-mortem injuries and post mortem injuries.

6.mention difference between ante mortem and postmotrem abrasions.

>.wound edges-gaping,everted,swollen.

Vital reaction-signs of inflammation,infection [pus,slough] and healing [granulationtissue]

present.

Enzyme histo chemistry-nagative and positive vital reactions

Wound serotonin and histamine content-increased

Microscopy-clot has platelets-leucocyte and RBC infiltration in between muscle fibers.

7.How will you estimate the age of contusion?

Ankle Sprain

AVERAGE HEALING TIME: 6-12 weeks

At the point of injury, apply the R.I.C.E method- rest,ice,compression and elevation-to effectively deal
with ankle sprains.

HAMSTRING PULL

AVERAGE HEALING TIME: Hamstring injuries can take anywhere between 3-6 months to heal.

On occasion it can ever take up to a year to heal, often due to inadequate physiotherapy and streching
and returning to sports too early. Recovery usually requires with working of rebuilding muscle to
prevent a repeated injury.

SHIN SPLINTS
AVERAGE HEALING TIME: The discomfort will ususlly resolve in a few days with rest. Rehabilitation will
focus on reducing pain and swelling , restoring the knee's full range of motions and strengthening of
muscles especially the hamstrings, quads and glutes.

TENNIS ELBOW

AVERAGE HEALING TIME: Although the condition often gets better on its own, this injury can take
between 3-12 months to fully heal.

During this time, rest is extremely important in allowing the tendons and muscle heal. Targeted
rehabilitation and streches are critical for this process.

8.What is medico legal image importance of contusion?

MEDICO LEGAL IMPORTANCE

. A Bruise is a simple injury,but the contusion of heart may cause death, multiple contusions may cause
death from shock and internal haemorrhage.A contusion may contain 20 to 30 ml of blood or more.

-Patterned bruises may connect the victim and the object and weapon.

-The age of injury may be determined.

-The degree of violence may be determined from their extent.

-In the case of fall , sand, dust or mud may be found on the body.

-The manner of injury may be known from its distribution (similiar to abrasions).

9.Describe the charecterstics of a lacerated wound.

cause-Blunt force trauma.

Edges-Ragged/irregular

Bruising/abrasions-yes

Depth-variable

Presence of tissue bridging-Yes

Position-Particularly bony prominences

Presence of foriegn bodies-often contaminated wounds

Hairs-intact hairs may cross the wound

Bony injury-May have associated fractures

Healing-2 degree intention