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Chapter 1 Final
Chapter 1 Final
INTRODUCTION
Over the past few decades, the application of by-products in cement industry has
protecting the environment and conservation of natural resources. These resources for
concrete production are before long prone to dominating negative effects on the
develop alternative feed to reduce and maintain non-excessive usage of natural source.
Numerous works have been done in the area of adding and replacing the cement with
and obtained from local sources. The study which uses the banana and bamboo leaf ash
as an additive for concrete mixing is used in wall structure. These waste materials are
abundant of supply extended throughout the world and eco-friendly. Ergo, this
fibers have been shown to be beneficial to the early age properties of concrete. Bamboo
leaf ash has been found to have pozzolanic properties after calcination. It is considered a
composite material due to its composition- cellulose fibers, imbedded in a lignin matrix.
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Cellulose fibers are aligned along the length of the bamboo which provides maximum
GangavaHariChandana, 2016).Banana ash has its own properties that can be found in
stem itself. It has low density, appropriate stiffness, high disposability and renewable
material that could lessen the total cost of production. We are aiming to make banana and
bamboo leaf ash as an effective alternative building material for CHB for residential
additive in concrete mixing. Channeling the breaches with respect to the behavior of the
The aforementioned gap leads the researchers to develop an additive which can
help in the structure. In this study, banana and bamboo leaf ash are used as an additive in
concrete mixing. Substantiating how much strength can be produce with the use of this
product. Enhancing, analyzing and developing the procedure for improvement and
innovation of the existing methods to compare the result of the banana and bamboo leaf
ash blended cement concrete that has been used in modern construction. Promoting
One of the goals of this study is to have a positive and effective result of using
banana and bamboo leaf ash, as a substitution for cement on concrete. It is an effective
way in minimizing waste and it will be long-lasting and efficient which will suit in the
environment. Other than that, it is affordable and will have a low-cost of fabrication.
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However, the function and objectives in this study are not that easy. When setting up, in
bamboo leaf ash, the water absorption and apparent porosity were observed to increase
with increase in bamboo leaf ash (BLA) content, when the percentage of (BLA) increases
from 5% to 20% by mass it decreases the Bulk density. The more additives are to be
added in concrete mixing significantly increases tensile strength that affect the maximum
test and experiment that will identify the limits of the material and how the weather
conditions and surroundings can affect the strength and durability. Replacing cement of
2.5%,5% and 7.5% is sufficient for the fabrication of masonry mortar for both banana
and bamboo leaf ash (BLA). This can benefit the environment by recycling the material
1. This project involves the uses of banana and bamboo leaf ash respectively in
2. To resolve the problem in the flexural strength of banana and bamboo leaf ash.
3. To study the Strength development of banana and bamboo leaf ash at the ages of
7, 14, and 28 days for 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% replacement of cement.
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1.3 Significance of the study
This study contributes knowledge to all human kind especially to those people
that are related in engineering works. Serving as a foundation on how people can make
use of the resources that are present in a certain area; cognizance with the fact that a
certain organic material can also be a substitute as building material. The application of
banana and bamboo leaf ash as an alternative material is beneficial to all the people due
to its low cost as well as its high insulation and is much quicker to construct. This will
also benefit the environment for it will resolve problems on the disposal of waste and the
strength and has a less ductility. Micro cracks are naturally present in concrete, because
of its tensile strength the cracks magnify with the application of the load, leading to the
brittle fracture of concrete, thus making the presence of tensile reinforcement in concrete
but weak in tension and shear, has limited ductility. Micro cracks are inherently present
in concrete and because of its tensile strength the cracks magnify with the application of
the load, leading to the brittle fracture of concrete, thus making the presence of tensile
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concrete increase the local tensile strength of concrete at a large number of points in
different direction, depending on the amount of added fibers and on the random direction
of these fibers.(Balaguru, 1992). The fibers are also evenly distributed drying shrinkage
under compressive and split tensile strength tests; shear stress develops along the surface
of the fiber. This shear stress helps to transfer load to the fiber. Fibers trap cracks and
reduce or delay their spread. The absence of the transverse cracks in the tensile zone of
the fiber-reinforced concrete will increase its rupture strength. In other words, the
incorporation of fibers converts the sudden brittle failure of plain concrete in tension into
a gradual and ductile failure. It is assumed that the tensile or compressive strength of
composite are affected by the variation of the length of fibers, the amount of fibers in the
mix and the method of fiber preparation. By evaluating the compressive or tensile
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Collection of Materials
Cleaning
Inceneration
Calcination
Result Evaluation
Figure 1.1
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1.5 Scope and Limitation
This research will primarily cover on the importance of the banana fiber ash and
bamboo leaf ash can provide to the structure and what are the effects of using such
material. This study will discuss more on the advantages and disadvantages of using
banana and bamboo leaf ash as a substitute material for concrete and how to manifest the
For the common frame of the reference, the following terms are concisely defined;
to reduce size, as opposed to tensile strength which withstand loads tending to elongate.
Fine aggregates.Natural sand which has been washed and sieved to remove particles
flexural strength.An objects ability to bend without obtaining any major deformities.
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Portland cement. Brittle material which has a very low tensile strength limited ductility
Pozzolan.Is a siliceous and aluminous material which in itself possesses little for no
cementitiousvalue.