PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL Givenchy Doria Q.

Sanico – Orion 12
PROPERTIES AND CHANGES

Identify the following as a chemical (C) or physical property (P):

P 1. blue color P 8. melting point
P 2. density C 9. reacts with water
C 3. flammability (burns) P 10. hardness
P 4. solubility (dissolves) P 11. boiling point
C 5. reacts with acid P 12. luster
C 6. supports combustion P 13. odor
P 7. sour taste C 14. A block of wood floats on water

C 15. Chlorine gas liquefies at -35 degrees C under normal pressure

C 16. Hydrogen burns in chlorine gas
P 17. Lithium is a soft, silvery-colored metal.
C 18. Iron rusts in an atmosphere of moist air.
P 19. An iron nail is attached to a magnet
C 20. A bronze statue develops a green coating (patina) over time

Identify the following as physical (P) or chemical (C) changes.

P 1. NaCl (Table Salt) dissolves in water. P 9. Ice melts
C 2. Ag (Silver) tarnishes. C 10. Milk sours
P 3. An apple is cut. P 11. Sugar dissolves in water
P 4. Heat changes H O to steam.
2 C 12. Wood rots.
C 5. Pancakes cook. P 13. Grass grows.
C 6. Baking soda reacts to vinegar. P 14. A tire is inflated.
C 7. Fe (Iron) rusts. C 15. Food is digested.
P 8. Alcohol evaporates. P 16. Paper towel absorbs water.
.
 Physical and Chemical Changes
Part A
Can you recognize the chemical and physical changes that happen all around us? If you change the way
something looks, but haven’t made a new substance, a physical change (P) has occurred. If the substance
has been changed into another substance, a chemical change (C) has occurred.

1. P An ice cube is placed in the sun. Later there is a puddle of water. Later still the puddle is gone.

2. C Two chemicals are mixed together and a gas is produced.

3. C A bicycle changes color as it rusts.

4. P A solid is crushed to a powder.

5. C Two substances are mixed and light is produced.

6. P+C A piece of ice melts and reacts with sodium.

7. P Mixing salt and pepper.

8. P Chocolate syrup is dissolved in milk.

9. C A marshmallow is toasted over a campfire.

10. P A marshmallow is cut in half.

Part B
Read each scenario. Decide whether a physical or chemical change has occurred and give evidence for your
decision. The first one has been done for you to use as an example.

Scenario Physical or Evidence…

Chemical
Change?

1. Umm! A student removes a loaf of bread hot from the Physical No change in substances.
oven. The student cuts a slice off the loaf and
spreads butter on it.

2. Your friend decides to toast a piece of bread, but New black color and gas is
leaves it in the toaster too long. The bread is black produced since there is smoke.
and the kitchen if full of smoke. Chemical

3. You forgot to dry the bread knife when you washed it New color due to the chemical
and reddish brown spots appeared on it. Chemical reaction of water on metal and air
exposure.

4. You blow dry your wet hair. Physical Water evaporates only and can
be seen without having to go
through a molecular level.

5. In baking biscuits and other quick breads, the baking Carbon dioxide gas caused the
powder reacts to release carbon dioxide bubbles. The production of bubbles (maybe
carbon dioxide bubbles cause the dough to rise. Chemical due to the presence of something
similar or to actual yeast).

6. You take out your best silver spoons and notice that
they are very dull and have some black spots. Chemical
 It’s been tarnished probably
because of sulfur in the air or the
environment it was in.

7. A straight piece of wire is coiled to form a spring. Physical Only a change of shape, no new
substance is made.

8. Food color is dropped into water to give it color. Physical Only a change in color and
change can be observed simply
by looking at it

9. Chewing food to break it down into smaller particles

represents a _________ change, but the changing of
starch into sugars by enzymes in the digestive system (a)Physical Teeth make a change in size,
represents a ___________change. and then the enzymes react with
(b)Chemical the starch to form a new
substance or break it down to
sugar.

10. In a fireworks show, the fireworks explode giving off Chemical Energy is giving off heat and
heat and light. light.

Part C: True (T) or False (F)

1. F Changing the size and shapes of pieces of wood would be a chemical change.

2. F In a physical change, the makeup of matter is changed.

3. T Evaporation occurs when liquid water changes into a gas.

4. T Evaporation is a physical change.

5. F Burning wood is a physical change.

6. F Combining hydrogen and oxygen to make water is a physical change.

7. T Breaking up concrete is a physical change.

8. F Sand being washed out to sea from the beach is a chemical change.

9. F When ice cream melts, a chemical change occurs.

10. F Acid rain damaging a marble statue is a physical change.

Matter – Substances vs. Mixture
Classify each of the following as to whether it is a substance or a mixture . If it is a substance, write element or
Compound in the substance column. If it is mixture , write Heterogenous or Homogenous in the mixture
column.

Type of Matter Substance Mixture

1. chlorine Element

2. water Compound

3. soil Heterogeneous

4. sugar water Homogeneous

5. oxygen Element

6. carbon dioxide Compound

7. rocky road ice cream Heterogeneous

8. alcohol Homogeneous

9. pure air Homogeneous

10. iron Element

Physical vs. Chemical Properties
Classify the following properties as either chemical or physical by putting a check in the appropriate column.

Physical Chemical
Property Property
✔
1. blue color

✔
2. density

✔
3. flammability

✔
4. solubility

✔
5. reacts with acid to form H₂

✔
6. supports combustion

✔
7. sour taste

✔
8. melting point

✔
9. reacts with water to form a gas

✔
10. reacts with a base to form water

✔
11. hardness

✔
12. boiling point

✔
13. can neutralize a base

✔
14. luster

✔
15. odor
 Matter -Concept Map
Complete the concept map below

Matter

is classified as

Mixtures 1. Substances
are physically separable to

are either are either

2. Heterogeneous Homogeneous 4. Elements 3. Compounds

are chemically separable to

are referred to as
is classified as
7. Solutions
are distinguished as

8. metal 9. metalloids 10. Non-metals

Coarse 5. 6.
Composi Distinguish
Mixtures
tion not able
uniform component
s
Physical and Chemical Changes.
Classify the following as being a physical or chemical change.
1. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water. Physical
2. Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium Chemical
3. A pellet of sodium is sliced in two. Physical
4. Water is heated and changed to steam. Physical
5. Potassium chlorate decomposes to potassium chloride and oxygen gas. Chemical
6. Iron rusts Chemical
7.When placed in H₂O a sodium pellet catches on fire as hydrogen gas is liberated and sodium
hydroxide forms. Chemical
8.Evaporation Physical
9. Ice melting Physical
10. Milk sours Chemical
11.Sugar dissolves water Physical
12. Wood rotting Chemical
13. Pancakes cooking on a griddle Chemical
14. Grass growing in a lawn Chemical
15. a tire is inflated with air. Physical
16. Food is digested in the stomach Chemical
17. Water is absorbed by a paper towel. Physical
 Separation Techniques Worksheet

1. Name the techniques which are suitable for separating the following mixture:
Situation Separation Technique
a. To obtain drinking water from muddy water Filtration/distillation
b. To separate gasoline from crude oil Separating funnel
c. To remove leaves from a swimming pool Filtration
d. To obtain pure sugar from a solution distillation/evaporation
e. To determine whether the coloring in a fruit juice is a Paper chromatography
single substance or a mixture of colored substance

2. You are asked to separate sand and sodium chloride.

Name the methods needed to carry out the procedure. Explain how you would carry out the procedure to obtain
pure sand and sodium chloride back.

-We can dissolve sodium chloride in water and then filter out the sand and then do either evaporation or distillation to
remove the water from the sodium chloride.

3. The following diagram shows a set up of simple distillation.

(a) (i) Identify substance P.

-Salt or solute
(ii) What is the objective of substance P?
-To be separated from the water or solvent

(b) Identify the distillate collected in the receiver.

-Water

(c) Suggest how you would determine that the distillate collected is a pure substance.
-We can determine it through its boiling point

(d) Label the water in and water out on the diagram.

(e) State one possible mistake in the set up and explain the significance of the mistake.
-The heat source seems to be too close and may damage the glass and the entire setup in the process
 Separation of Mixtures

Using long strips of filter paper to draw lighter Paper Chromatography

dissolved substances away from heavier
dissolved substances (e.g. different coloured
dyes)
Pouring off the liquid at the top of a container Decanting
with an insoluble substance (e.g. sand and water
mixture)
A combination of 2 processes – evaporation Distillation
followed by condensation(e.g. to make pure
water from seawater)
Spinning to separate lighter from heavier Centrifuge
substances (e.g. blood cells from plasma)
A device to separate heavy liquids (e.g. water) Separating Funnel
from lighter liquids (e.g. kerosene)
Attracting substances made of iron, nickel and Using a Magnet
cobalt in order to separate them from other
substances
Heating to separate a soluble substance such as Evaporation
table salt from water
Separating an insoluble substance from a liquid Filtration
by passing the mixture through porous paper
Physical or Chemical? Circle the 12. The tree is 8 meters high - P
best choice for each of the
statements below. 13. Sodium reacts very easily
with other elements. - C
1. (Physical or Chemical)
properties describe matter. 14. Copper conducts electricity - P

2. (Physical or Chemical) 15. Water is a liquid - P

properties of a substance can be
16. The mass of the NaCl
easily observed.
sample is 30 grams - P
3. One can use their five
17. Gold is nonflammable - C
senses to determine the
(Physical or Chemical) 18. Alka-Seltzer tablets react with
properties of a substance. water to produce gas - C
4. (Physical or Chemical) properties 19. The color of the ball is red - P
usually describe how a substance
reacts. 20. Iron reacts with oxygen and
forms rust - C
5. (Physical or Chemical) properties
are not as easy to observe. 21. The boiling point of water
is 100 degrees C - P
6. (Physical or Chemical) properties
can be used to identify substances. 22. Baking soda reacts with vinegar -
C
Identify if the following are 23. The gas is flammable - C
chemical (C)
24. Oxygen is a gas - P
or physical properties (P)
25. Argon is not very reactive - C
7. Oxygen is odorless and colorless -
P 26. Nitrogen is a colorless gas - P

8. Copper turns green when 27. The silver spoons tarnished and
exposed to the environment - C turned dark - C

9. The piece of metal is magnetic - P 28. The piece of metal is magnetic - P

10. The density of water is 1.0 29. A student’s shirt suddenly bursts
gram per cubic centimeter - P into flames. – C

11. Diamonds are a very hard 30. Silver necklaces tarnish and turn
substance - P green. - C
PRE-TEST: PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Read and answer each statement carefully then write the letter of the
best answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which physical property of matter is shown when a piece of

material is turned into a thin sheet?
A. Stiffness B. Flexibility C. Elasticity D. Malleability

2. Copper wires are usually used for electrical wire installations because
it is
A. ductile B. malleable C. brittle D. cheap

3. Materials that easily break when a force is applied like glass are said to
be
A. malleable B. brittle C. ductile D. elastic

4. Which of the materials below is a poor conductor of heat?

A. Iron B. Wood C. Gold D. Copper

5. is the characteristic or trait that can be observed when a

matter reacts to another substance.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

6. property is the characteristic or trait of matter that does not

depend on the amount.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

7. is the characteristic or trait of matter that can be observed or

perceived with our senses easily without changing its chemical
composition.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property
8. is the characteristic or trait of matter which is dependent on
the amount or quantity.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property
9. Color and taste are examples of
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property
10. The rusting of iron nail is an example of
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property