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Free trade helped the economy
Free trade hurt the economy
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The most appealing prospect of free trade is that it allows countries to take advantage of their
comparative advantage. If all nations were able to do this, each would benefit as they would be
able to specialise in the areas they excel. Smith says, in theory, that Americans “…could stay at
home in their developed economy and benefit from inexpensive Chinese goods. Whereas, in
China, the Chinese can stay home and get high-tech goods from the United States, a country with
more advanced technology, highly skilled labour and large capital investment.” (Smith, pg. 102)
Free trade certainly paints a rosy picture, but there is a downside. If we stick with the scenario
that Americans buy cheap goods from China, then there is a possibility that jobs will be lost as
they move from one country to another. Advocates of free trade would say that although jobs are
lost, new opportunities are created. Again, this argument is persuasive, but Smith points out that
in many countries, unemployment rates are high and those who lose their jobs don’t move on to
higher-wage alternatives but onto unemployment rolls.
The Role of IGOs
Political integration
Political integration is required because for an economic union to be most effective it is
USEtoRESEARCHER
necessary for all provinces be at the same stageTO EXPLORE,
of the economic cycle.
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