CAD/CAM

Computer Aided Design And

Manufacturing

• Mechanical System Design/Manufacturing

1. Product
2. Mechanical Features
3. Other Features
4. The Role of CAD/CAM
 CAD/CAM
Computer Aided Design And
Manufacturing
• CAD/CAM Inception
1. CAM/CAD • The Future of CAD/CAM
2. Mathematical Modeling 1. Standard Interfaces
3. NC/CNC Machines 2. Virtual Reality
4. ISO 6983-1 : 2009 3. Special Purpose Machines
5. ISO 841 : 2001 (SPMs)
4. STEP-NC
Modeling of Hand Tools

◼ For most hand tools, die making is the first

step in the manufacturing sequence

◼ The use of conventional methods in this

process contributes to long production lead
times

◼ The activities in this department lie within the

scope of CAD and CAM
3
Preliminary sketch for a combination wrench

4
TYPICAL DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE
TECHNIQUE

Two-dimensional templates Master pattern for a combination Hand finishing of forging dies to
wrench incorporate flash relief angle

Copy milling of E.D.M electrode Forged component

5
CAD/CAM FOR HAND TOOLS

◼ This situation is ideal for the development of a computer

algorithm for use in a general-purpose CAD/CAM application to
generate three-dimensional models and associated
manufacturing equipment for hand tools

◼ The algorithm may include parametric feature definition to

achieve the variation in tool size

◼ Modeling would enable the design to be optimized efficiently

and economically

6
SOFTWARE SELECTION

◼ Hand tools are normally complex objects, so

the selection of appropriate software to model
them is important

◼ The CAD software tools use three

geometrical representation schemes

◼ Wire frame
◼ Constructive solid geometry
◼ Boundary representation.
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Parametric modeling of wrenches

◼ The parametric modeling of hand tool components

involves the following
◼ Identification of the component subassemblies
◼ Identification of the features in the subassembly
◼ Modeling of the Patching Feature required to form
the assembly
◼ Blending of the subassemblies to form the
component
Parametric modeling of wrenches

Variant design of wrenches Tool path for combination wrench

Master pattern with drat angle machined Master pattern with draft and flash relief
on high-density foam angles machined on high density foam
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Other Hand Tools

10
Virtual Reality and Factory of the Future

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psCEdIqGK2U
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hy-zMjr4ILk
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1ckP-9yPnP2_vWtzuhfdQh2T18mvhgvdS
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=13DEOeky1gytQJKqXkfWUaNrdwaS6C0Mi
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1ZMZ8Cgj_wLCmkxGheRIa2iaUfcrnmG5S
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1lHUkYs75Jy208mGLlGywYcc_d9aEqfmL
• https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/16/fourth-industrial-revolution-explained-davos-2019.html

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12
Augmented Reality for discrete manufacturing (Manufacturing Process Perspective)
Augmented Reality
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1v9RwHL5zm6ssoSijbCOynUfCkpZCv
TJW
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1h7lrY5abfjaBgMhPg3FR6Mw0tjUed
nV1
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1WoPscLnR39LtPbMiKoNu2YrJZQ3J
O3fQ
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=1DyPLKVFznjAwjGivC29B8IRdJJIO-J-
k
• https://drive.google.com/open?id=19wJoZLu-
HNs_B0MNow_EX24DpN31JS72

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 SAP Interface: Product Life
Management
Product lifecycle Management (PLM) is an
information management system that can integrate data,
processes, Business systems and, ultimately, people in an
extended enterprise.
SAP Interface: Manufacturing Execution
System
• Manufacturing Execution System (MES) are IT enabled
systems that provide solutions for improving and optimizing
the manufacturing process to the
production floor engineers and managers.
Overall System Description

Web GUI

Business Logic
Database

VMS
GUI

Manufacturing
Logic

Vender GUI
Hardware Components of Virtual Manufacturing System.