A

Dissertation
on
“A Study on Awareness of ‘Industry 4.0’ (The 4th Industrial Revolution)
amongst Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME’s) in PCMC Area”

Submitted
by
Kartik Rambhau Pandharkar
MBA II year IV Sem
(2018-20)
Under the Guidance of
Prof. Deepak Pore
Submitted to
Savitribai Phule Pune University
in Partial Fulfillment of
Masters of Business Administration
(MBA: 2018-20)
Submitted through

JSPM’s
Jayawant Institute of Management Studies
Tathawade, Pune-411033
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Dissertation titled, “A Study on Awareness of ‘Industry 4.0’ (The 4th
Industrial Revolution) amongst Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME’s) in PCMC
Area.” is a bonafide work carried out by Mr. Kartik Rambhau Pandharkar of MBA-II of
JSPM’S JAYAWANT INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, PUNE 411033 as a partial
fulfilment of Master of Business Administration, Degree of Savitribai Phule Pune University.

He has worked under our guidance and satisfactorily completed his Dissertation work.

Place: Pune Prof. Dipak Pore Dr. Priyanka Singh

Date: Dissertation Guide Director

 DECLARATION

I, Kartik Rambhau Pandharkar a bonafide student of MBA in JSPM’S JAYAWANT

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, PUNE 411033 would like to declare that the
dissertation entitled “A Study on Awareness of ‘Industry 4.0’ (The 4th Industrial Revolution)
amongst Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME’s) in PCMC Area.” submitted by me in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of MBA under Savitribai Phule
Pune University is my original work.

Place: Pune
Date: Mr. Kartik Rambhau Pandharkar
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is indeed a pleasure to acknowledge the contribution of those who have helped me in preparation
of this project.

I am thankful to our Prof. Deepak Pore, my guide; Dr. Sudarshan Pawar, HOD JSPM’s JIMS; Dr.
Priyanka Singh, Director JIMS and honorable faculty members and staff members of JSPM’S
JIMS for their constant guidance and support. As my teachers and mentors, they have taught me
more than I could ever give them credit for here.

I am grateful to all of those with whom I have had the pleasure to work during this and other related
projects. Each of the members of Project Committee has provided me extensive personal and
professional guidance and taught me a great deal about both research and life in general. I would
especially like to thank

Nobody has been more important to me in the pursuit of this project than the members of my
family. I would like to thank my parents; whose love and guidance are with me in whatever I
pursue. They are the ultimate role models.

Place: Pune Kartik Rambhau Pandharkar

Date: MBA-II Year

 Preface

The successful completion of this project was a unique experience for us and we achieved a better
knowledge about awareness regarding ‘Industry 4.0’ within PCMC area. The experience which
we got by doing this project was essential to our future. The information in this project being
submitted by us contains detailed analysis of research undertaken by us. The research provides an
opportunity to us to devote our skills, knowledge and competencies during our knowledge
gathering sessions of ‘Industry 4.0’ and entrepreneurship development.

The research is on the topic - A study on awareness of ‘Industry 4.0’ (The 4th Industrial
Revolution) amongst small and medium scale enterprises (SME’s) in PCMC area.
 INDEX

Chapter
PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
No.

1 Introduction 01

2 Objective of the Study 03

3 Theoretical Background 05

4 Review of Literature 18

5 Research Methodology 24

6 Data Analysis & Interpretations 28

7 Findings 42

8 Suggestions 43

9 Conclusion 44

Bibliography 45

Annexures 46
 LIST OF TABLES
SR.
NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO

1 Principles & Technologies under ‘Industry 4.0’ 07

2 Industry-wise Sample distribution 28

Bare-Awareness: Awareness about Industry 4.0 without covering its
3 meaning 30

4 Awareness about Industry 4.0 after covering its meaning 31

Technologies that are implemented/are implementing within those
5 industries 32

6 Current Status of Implementation 34

7 Usefulness of Industry 4.0 35

8 Key Enablers for Industry 4.0 37

9 Applications of Industry 4.0 39

10 Change to paradigm of Industry 41

 LIST OF CHARTS
SR.
NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO

1 Industry-wise Sample distribution 28

Bare-Awareness: Awareness about Industry 4.0 without covering its
2 meaning 30

3 Awareness about Industry 4.0 after covering its meaning 31

4 Current Status of Implementation 34

5 Change to paradigm of Industry 41

 LIST OF GRAPHS
SR.
NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO
Technologies that are implemented/are implementing within those
1 industries 32

2 Usefulness of Industry 4.0 36

3 Key Enablers for Industry 4.0 37

4 Applications of Industry 4.0 39

 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The fourth Industrial revolution promises to increase productivity, flexibility and automation of
internal business processes integrating value chains and supporting companies to design and offer
novel services based on the availability of data enabled by different technologies. As a result,
companies are investing great efforts to understand in which way Industry 4.0 technologies could
be deployed to leverage their current operations and deliver a more competitive value proposition
to existing and new customers.

In this context, the main objective of this project is to check the usefulness & awareness level
about latest industrial revolution i.e. Industry 4.0 amongst small & medium scale enterprises
within PCMC area. It was necessary to use the method of primary data collection like
questionnaires as well as secondary data through literature, journals, websites, blogs. Furthermore,
the study tries to identify current implementation status, the key enablers and applications of the
Industry 4.0.

The report begins with theoretical introduction of various terms related to the study, objectives,
scope. Further it includes brief introduction of research methodology, method of data collection,
research design. The last part of the report includes data analysis, data interpretations, suggestions
and limitations of the study.
 CHAPTER 1 –
INTRODUCTION
 INTRODUCTION

Background:

The fourth Industrial revolution, also referred to as Industry 4.0, follows previous industrial
revolutions which occurred from the 18th century to date. Following are certain challenges
associated with the three previous revolutions, such as:

• An increase in complex products;

• Shorter innovation cycles;
• Volatile markets and
• The incapability of human efforts to handle the complexity of present industrial
processes and systems.

The term “Industry 4.0” was coined in Germany at the Hannover Messe in 2011 and since
then it has become more and more popular; nevertheless, for several, it still remains a
buzzword. It comprises several technologies as

1. System Integration,
2. Big Data,
3. Internet of Things (IoT),
4. Simulation
5. The Cloud,
6. Cybersecurity,
7. Autonomous Robots,
8. Augmented Reality,
9. Additive Manufacturing.

Their application targets the improvement of internal operational efficiencies and to create
new business models offering new data driven services focusing on providing novel customer
experiences. Many consulting companies offer their services to support firms applying these
latter enabling technologies for what many refer to as “Digital Transformation”. Although
there has been an explosion of interest about Industry 4.0 in the last years, still most companies
are at the very beginning of their digital transformation journeys.

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In this context, the aim of this research was to understand the level of awareness in companies
about its benefits and business impact and which do they consider are the main
implementation enablers for Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data.

Statement of the problem

To study the awareness of Industry 4.0 (The 4th Industrial Revolution) amongst small
and medium scale enterprises (SME’s) in PCMC area.

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 CHAPTER 2 –

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

• To know the awareness level about Industry 4.0 amongst small and medium scale
enterprises.

• To know the current implementation status of Industry 4.0 in small and medium scale
enterprises.

• To identify the factors that urge to employ Industry 4.0 tools and technologies in
small and medium scale enterprises.

• To see the applicability of various Industry 4.0 tools and technologies used in small
and medium scale enterprises.

SCOPE OF RESEARCH PROJECT

• This research helps to understand how many enterprises are aware about Industry 4.0
and how they are implementing the same within Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal
Corporation (PCMC) area.

• This research study covers small and medium scale enterprises within the PCMC area.

• This research covers nine technologies or components of Industry 4.0 viz. System
Integration, Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT), Simulation, The Cloud, Cybersecurity,
Autonomous Robots, Augmented Reality, Additive Manufacturing.

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LIMITATIONS OF RESEARCH PROJECT

• The accuracy of the study is based on the information given by the feedback of the
entrepreneurs/ Business owners regarding questionnaire.

• The study was limited only for some of the technologies or components of Industry
4.0 like System Integration, Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT), Simulation, The
Cloud, Cybersecurity, Autonomous Robots, Augmented Reality, Additive
Manufacturing.

• The area covered for this study was Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation area
only.

• This study covers small and medium scale enterprises as per the definition given by
Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMS Gov. of India) and doesn’t
consider macro enterprises.

• The study is based on entrepreneurs’/ business owners’ perspective and does not cover
general public/employees’ perspective.

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CHAPTER 3 –

THEOROTICAL
BACKGROUND
 THEOROTICAL BACKGROUND

History:

1st Industrial Revolution

The First Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century through the use of steam
power and mechanization of production. What before produced threads on simple spinning
wheels, the mechanized version achieved eight times the volume in the same time. Steam
power was already known. The use of it for industrial purposes was the greatest breakthrough
for increasing human productivity. Instead of weaving looms powered by muscle, steam-
engines could be used for power. Developments such as the steamship or (some 100 years
later) the steam-powered locomotive brought about further massive changes because humans
and goods could move great distances in fewer hours.

https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/12615/8/08

2nd Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution began in the 19th century through the discovery
of electricity and assembly line production. Henry Ford (1863-1947) took the idea of mass
production from a slaughterhouse in Chicago: The pigs hung from conveyor belts and each
butcher performed only a part of the task of butchering the animal. Henry Ford carried over

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these principles into automobile production and drastically altered it in the process. While
before one station assembled an entire automobile, now the vehicles were produced in partial
steps on the conveyor belt - significantly faster and at lower cost.

3rd Industrial Revolution

The Third Industrial Revolution began in the 70s in the 20th century through partial
automation using memory-programmable controls and computers. Since the introduction of
these technologies, we are now able to automate an entire production process - without human
assistance. Known examples of this are robots that perform programmed sequences without
human intervention.

4th Industrial Revolution

We are currently implementing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This is characterised by the
application of information and communication technologies to industry and is also known as
"Industry 4.0". It builds on the developments of the Third Industrial Revolution. Production
systems that already have computer technology are expanded by a network connection and
have a digital twin on the Internet so to speak. These allow communication with other
facilities and the output of information about themselves. This is the next step in production
automation. The networking of all systems leads to "cyber-physical production systems" and
therefore smart factories, in which production systems, components and people communicate
via a network and production is nearly autonomous.

Industry 4.0 Principles and Technologies:

Industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is a new approach to initiate a
wave of change across all spheres from economics to social order. At the heart of this is a
Cyber-Physical Systems that use high technology in production at a global. In order to fully
understand Industry 4.0, the cues from Schneider Electric may be considered. They
characterized Industry 4.0 as an evolution (rather than a revolution) that allows businesses to
maintain a competitive edge on a never-before-seen global scale. This creates an endless and
reinforcing loop of business adaptation, integration, and sustainability. In order for Industry

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4.0 to fully realize its potential, the following supportive technologies and interaction
principles must be successfully implemented or at least advanced.

Table No. 1

Principles Technologies
Real time data management Adaptive robotics
(Collection/Processing/Analysis/ Data analytics and Artificial Intelligence
Inference) Simulation
Interoperability Embedded systems
Virtualization Communication and Networking
Decentralized Cybersecurity
Agility Cloud
Service - oriented Adaptive manufacturing
Integrated business processes Virtualization technologies
Sensors and Actuators
RFID and RTLS technologies
Mobile technologies

A flexible production structure and the system can be actualized through the usage of the
above-mentioned technologies in an integrated manner. Thus, intelligent machines will mark
the beginning of more efficient and refined production system capable of delivery of better
goods and services to consumers. Ultimately, this will reduce production costs and waiting
times. In addition, adaptive robots have been theorized to facilitate the resolution of problems,
especially when tasks assigned in the design, fabrication and assembly phases are separated
into simpler subparts and series of submodules. This transformation will enable wi-fi
networking, easy integration in existing machine communication systems, optical and image
processing of part positioning, integrated robot controller, memory based or case-based
learning mechanism for high-speed data transmission.

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Components of Industry 4.0:

1. System Integration

Many systems are highly automated within their own operation, but struggle to commu-nicate
with other systems. Standards and open architecture support the easy transfer of information,
both to the business and the customer and/or end user. This can involve defining common
languages for data exchange such as JDF for job information, CxF for color information, and
PDF for content.

2. Big Data

As systems become increasingly digitized and connected, there is a great deal of data that can
be collected and analyzed. One of the challenges is the quantity of data. Too much data makes
it difficult to identify the relevant information and trends that can lead to intelligent and
automated decisions. This is where “big” data and analytics come in. Big data and analytics
make it possible to identify the performance of an individual component and its operating
restrictions in order to prevent future production issues and take preventative action.

3. Simulation and Virtualization

The simulation and virtualization of systems allow for different scenarios to be assessed. Once
systems are assessed, cost-effective solutions can be developed, tested, and implemented
much faster, ultimately leading to reduced costs and time to market. An example of simulation
would be color management and control, where in-line measurements can be used to minimize
set up times and optimize subsequent press runs.

4. Internet of Things (IoT)

The IoT is a key functionality in Industry 4.0 driven solu-tions. The IoT combines physical
devices via the network to collect data for the decision-making process. This embedded
computing enhances the value and functionality of the product being manufactured.

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5. The Cloud

The Cloud is being used for applications such as remote service, color management, and
performance benchmarking, and its role in other business areas will continue to expand. With
continuous advancements in technology, machine data and functionality will only continue to
be shifted towards Cloud solutions. The Cloud allows for a much faster roll out of updates,
performance models, and delivery options than stand-alone systems. The industry has seen a
large shift in utilizing Cloud solutions, and this will continue to grow.

6. Cybersecurity

As we move away from closed systems (with the increased connectivity from the IoT and
Cloud), the security of information becomes paramount. Security and reliability enable the
successful implementa-tion of a truly modern and digitized production workflow, leveraging
all of the benefits of a connected environment.

7. Autonomous Robots

Although robotics is in its early stages in the graphic communi-cations industry, we have seen
an increase in use through specific manufacturing systems; for example, activities such as
materials movement (as in the Cox Target Media facility) and/or with product inventory
control. We expect the level of performance and interaction with humans and systems to
improve, and we anticipate increased use of robotics by leading print companies.

8. Augmented Reality

Augmented reality grows in use by providing real-time information in an effective manner to

allow humans to better integrate and interact with electronic systems. Examples can include
the transmission of information on repairs for a part that can be viewed through different
devices or the training of personnel using simulations and 3D views of the facility or
equipment.

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9. Additive Manufacturing

This continues to become increasingly important for small-batch applications or for the
production of individual parts or personalized products. This will be used either directly with
the customer or by suppliers to improve designs with increased performance, flexibility, and
cost effectiveness.

Industry 4.0 Framework:

Considering the physical and digital dimension of supporting technologies, a general

framework for Industry 4.0 is presented in following figure

https://ars.els-cdn.com/
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The principles underpinning Industry 4.0 allow for the use of adaptive technologies for smart
products and services, data collection, data processing, data analytics and intelligent data
management between communication and networking, and cybersecurity. When the factories
adapt these technologies to Industry 4.0, it is envisaged that efficient implementation of
Industry 4.0 will lead to increased efficiency. This will serve as a catalyst for the national
economic growth. As a result, the country becomes highly competitive in the global economy.

The expected benefits of converting or transitioning to these smart Industry 4.0 platforms
are given in following figure

https://ars.els-cdn.com/

With the exception of raw materials, the decreasing manufacturing and workforce costs are
expected to result in positive benefits beyond productivity and turnover. These benefits will
include sustainable investments and employment of qualified workforce. All these benefits
can be realized if the transforming industry has a clear strategic roadmap capable of timely
and correctly delivering Industry 4.0. It is for this reason that special attention should be paid
to acquiring technologies compatible with Industry 4.0.

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Internet of Things (IoT):

On the IoT is the connection of two words i.e. “internet” and “things”. “Internet” as the
network of the networks. A global system serving users worldwide with interconnected
computer networks using Standard Internet Protocol suit (TCP/IP). As individually
distinguishable by the real world, the “things” can be anything like an object or a person.
Today, IoT is widely used for instance, in transportation, healthcare or utilities. Thing-to-
Thing, Thing-to-Human and Human-to-Human form a network inside IoT, connected to the
internet. Individually identifiable objects exchange information inside this network.

IoT has been increase with the advancement of mobile devices. IoT can be achieved with
connected RFID, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), middleware, CC, IoT application
software and Software Defined Networking (SDN) as the key enabling technologies.
Following fig presents the associated technologies in IoT.

https://ars.els-cdn.com/

One simple definition of IoT described by Sezer et al. is: “IoT allows people and things to be
connected anytime, anyplace, with anything and anyone, ideally using any path/network and
any service”. In other words, IoT is a ubiquitous presence for a common purpose of various
things or objects interacting and cooperating each other, digitalizing all physical systems. For
different aims, the digitalized information can be used to adjust production patterns, with the
use of a virtual copy of the physical world and using sensor data. The entire production
systems such as machinery and related resources can be the “things” managed and virtualized
by. In addition, the IoT nature as to be decentralized and heterogeneous.

Regarding to IoT design architecture, Trappey, established a logical framework by layers to

classify IoT technology and used to characterize and identify CPS. IoT architecture most
common layering in a typical network, includes four main layers as represented as follows:

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 a. “Sensing Layer” to sense the “things” status with a unique identity and to integrate,
e.g., actuators, sensors, RFID tags as several types of “things”;
b. “Network Layer” to support the transferred information through wired or wireless
network from the “Sensing Layer” to “Service Layer”, being the support’s
infrastructure. This layer determines and maps “things” automatically in the network
enabling to connect all “things” for sharing and exchange data;
c. “Service Layer” makes use of a middleware technology supporting services and
applications, required by the users or applications. The interoperability among the
heterogeneous devices is ensured by this layer, performing useful services, e.g.,
information search engines and communication, data storage, exchanging and
management of data as well as the ontology database;
d. “Interface Layer” to make the interconnection and management of the “things” easier
and to display information allowing a clear and comprehensible interaction of the user
with the system.

https://ars.els-cdn.com/

Differing from IoT based users, regarding to industrial environments needing real-time data
availability and high reliability, the Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) is the connection of
industrial products such as components and/or machines to the internet. For instance, linking
the collected sensing data in a factory with IoT platform, IoT increases production efficiency
with the BD analysis.

A typical IoT is showed in following fig with wire and wireless connections, increasing
value with additional monitoring, analysis and optimization.

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 https://ars.els-cdn.com/

Big Data (BD):

Huge amount of generated data from different types, can come from interconnected
heterogeneous objects. This huge amount of structured, semi-structured and unstructured data
can describe Big Data (BD). In order to obtain the correspondent value, these data would need
too much time and money to be store and to be analysed. Bringing value opportunities to
industries in the era of Internet of Everything can be achieving with the connection of more
physical devices to the internet and with the use of a generation of novel technologies. Data
collection or storage characterize BD, but the core characteristic of BD is the data analysis
and without it, BD has no much value. Systematic guidance can be provided by BD for related
production activities within entire product lifecycle, achieving cost-efficient running of the
process and fault-free, and help managers on decision-making and/or to solve problems
related to operation. The use of BD provides a business advantage through the opportunity of
generated of value-added.

Big Data is a term describing large volumes of high velocity, complex and variable data
requiring advanced techniques and techniques to enable the capture, storage, distribution,
management and analysis of the information. BD demands a cost-effective, innovative forms
of information processing for enhanced insights. According to the researched definitions of
BD, differing from the traditional data processing, the first suggestion to characterize BD was

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related in terms of Volume, Variety, and Velocity, also named as the Three V’s. These was
the three dimensions that emerged as a common framework of challenges in data
management.

To process continuously large amounts of unstructured heterogeneous data collected in

formats such as video, audio, text, or others, additionally, other dimensions have also been
attempted to assign for a better characterization such as: Veracity, Vision, Volatility,
Verification, Validation, Variability and Value [56]. According to several authors the
description of the dimensions as follows:

a. Volume – great data volume size consuming large storage or consist of enormous
number of collections. BD sizes are mentioned in multiple terabytes and petabytes;
b. Variety – various types of data, generated from a large sources and formats variety,
and multi-dimensional data fields contents. It refers to the structural heterogeneity in
a dataset;

c. Velocity – rapid production. Generation, analysis, delivery, and data creation

measured by its frequency. It refers to the data generation rate and the speed for
analysing and acting upon;
d. Veracity – represents the unreliability in some data sources. Some data requires BD
analysis to gain reliable prediction;
e. Vision – only a purposeful process should send data generation. The likelihood of data
generation process is addressed in this dimension;
f. Volatility – a limited useful life can characterize data generated. The data lifecycle
concept is addressed by this dimension. It ensures the replenishment of the outdated
data with new data;
g. Verification – conformity of the data generated by a specification set. It ensures the
conformity of the engineering measurements;
h. Validation – the vision conformity of the data generated. Behind the process, the
transparency of assumptions and connections are ensured;
i. Variability – data flow rates measured by its variation. Variability and Complexity
was added as two additional dimensions of BD;
j. Value – through extraction and transformation, defines how far BD generates
economically worthy insights and benefits. Value as a defining BD attribute.

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On manufacturing domain and at the BD process comprehension, it is the engineering aspects
that give value to the BD analysis using its dimensions. These dimensions are dependent from
each other, related with the relativity of BD volumes applied to all dimensions.

To explore data, advanced data analysis is required. Using CC through the advanced analytics,
methods and tools, off-line and real-time data are analysed and mined, e.g., machine learning,
forecasting models, among others. Knowledge is extracted from the huge data number
enabling manufacturers on understanding the product lifecycle various stages. Moreover, the
advanced analytics of BD can be used as a facilitator, identifying and overcoming bottlenecks
created by IoT generated data.

The mutation opportunity from today’s manufacturing paradigm to smart manufacturing is

offered by BD. Therefore, BD can help manufacturers on more rational, informed and
responsive decision-making way. Manufacturing competitiveness in the global market is
enhanced by these BD characteristics. Various stages in data lifecycle where manufacturing
data is exploited are depicted in following fig. consisting on the complete manufacturing data
journey.

In a framework structured by levels of a manufacturing enterprise, the lower level generates

data directly from machine tools and operators. For an enterprise, this data is very important,
providing precious information when used and analysed enabling adaptivity and flexibility on
the higher levels of the enterprise.

BD analytics is an essential key to digital manufacturing, playing as an enabler for

technologies. Moreover, the scope of mass customization focusing on the needs of
individualized markets, use BD analytics as foundation.

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 https://ars.els-cdn.com/

As mentioned above, IoT data converges to BD in order to analyse it and take conclusions
from collected datasets. In other words, IoT data will be a part of BD and BD cannot be
explored further without the IoT. Furthermore, CC and BD are considered as a coin with its
two faces: BD is seen as the absorbent application of CC, while CC provides the IT
infrastructure of BD.

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 CHAPTER 4 –

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Nature of Industry 4.0 and Sustainability Initiatives

To some extent, Industry 4.0 is a huge gold mine with endless possibilities, ramifications and
in some cases complexities However, unlike its predecessor, Industry 4.0 ultimately gravitates
towards greater global sustainability and efficiency This is driven by increased international
competition, flexible production and systems, increased individualisation of customer needs,
and demographic As a result, radical changes in the way business organisations look at their
operations are necessary

(Roblek, Mesko & Kropez, 2016).

Industry 4.0 technologically fuses the physical, digital and biological fabrics of different
societies across the globe. For example, Somme scribes it as a cyber-physical system that
comprises merging products and machines. Similarly, describe it as the integration of smart
factories that produce smart products and services that constantly interact and communicate
within an embedded ‘internet of all things’ platform. Apart from the usual benefits regarding
greater efficiency and environmental sustainability, Industry 4.0 ultimately results in creating
a more satisfied global customer. Thus, digitalising things and products fuels an endless loop
of exponential rewards for the global society (i.e. economic, social and environmental
sustainability). The following section explores various distortions that may occur in an
‘internet of all things’ world.

(Seliger & Stock, 2015).

Education and the Labour Market

One of the distortions for the society may be seen in education, specifically, in higher
education and training. Current educational status quo will have to evolve to make room for
the unique demands of a fast-paced knowledge economy. For now, it is evident that there will
be a huge skill and competency gap. However, what is not clear is the nature of this gap. Thus,
the specific implication of Industry 4 is lacking. There are generic predictions about the type
of skill sets the evolving labour market and actual jobs will need. Examples include high
flexibility, quickly teachable and adaptable personnel. The Economist (2018) notes that
artificial intelligence will most likely perform repetitive tasks. On the contrary, non-repetitive
tasks involving human ingenuity and artistry will still be performed by humans.

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This speculation and lack of certainty about the future nature (to some extent, current nature)
of Industry 4.0 have resulted in the split verdict. The optimistic view of the future envisages
massive job gains. Some authors predict creation of about half a million net jobs. On the
contrary, the pessimists predict that half of all jobs today will be lost in 35 years from now.

(Hermann, Pentek & Otto, 2016)

The technology-driven world must have elements that are practically useful and society-
serving across the globe. It is for this reason that advocates a readjustment and change in
higher education learning. The goal is to create more comprehensive and integrated
educational curricula that draw mainly from the liberal arts. This is because skill requirements
of Industry 4.0 will transcend mere problem-solving abilities. Adaptable skill sets in the arts
and social networking will allow for sounder judgements and greater emotional intelligence.
notes that due to high levels of integration by Industry 4.0, educational training will be
decentralised. Training will be done in a more generalised way that is free of demographic
and cultural dispositions.

Marwala (2018)

Dimensions of Industry 4.0 for Business

The dimensions of the digital world for businesses can be characterised by three main
components: horizontal integration, product life-cycle constituents and vertical integration
and networking All three dimensions occur simultaneously in the sense that internal cross-
linking and digitisation allows for comprehensive solutions that in turn spur further external
integration.

Thus, the system is designed in such a way that sensors collect data, then an actuator system
implements the automated physical action. A system of constant and fluent data exchanges is
embedded in a ‘cloud’. describe a cloud as a cyber-physical system that is self-organised and
decentralised. The system has the product-life cycle as a core driver that links the horizontal
integrators with the vertical aspects. Also, there is the macro-level component that
encompasses issues pertaining to networks of value creation among the firms themselves. It
is an amalgamation of different value creation factors such as equipment, human,
organisations and products. As stated by Sommer the ‘internet of all things’ primarily distorts
the way businesses interact with each other. For more streamlined network dealing among
businesses, the data on the products should be very much accessible and acted upon by

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automated systems. These automated systems spur off new and varied business models and
network systems. These systems function smoothly in tackling environmental issues and
minimizing carbon footprints. They are highly effective and efficient business models that
increase the overall competitiveness of the industry. As a result, firms are better poised to
meet the ever-changing needs of their customers.

On the other hand, the micro-level looks at internally integrating and digitalising the unique
elements of the firm. It combines different value creation modules with smart material flows
and logistics. It bears semblance with the traditional value chain items and activities, only in
this case they are digitalised and decentralised. Some examples of the value chain items are
people, equipment, and product. The value chain processes and organisation include
marketing, sales, services and procurement.

(Seliger & Stock, 2015).

Internet of Things

A combination of two words, “internet” and “things”, which are the building blocks that make
up the phenomenon called the Internet of Things (IoT). The “things” aspect was well-captured
by Chaouchi, et al., (2013): “things or objects are described as a set of atoms; the atom is the
smallest object in the Internet of Things”. Some examples of items that can be connected to
this are: Buildings, Machines, Industrial Plants, Assets, Vehicles, Transport Units, Containers,
Devices, People, and Animals. The IoT can be defined as the extension of the internet of
physical things in such a way that sharing, processing and utilizing data is possible at the same
time as interaction with human beings and the virtual world is, with value creation being the
end product

(Atzori et al., 2010; Khodadadi, et al., 2016).

The Internet of Things consists of four important components: 1) Connectivity: RFID

technology and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) appeared in 100% of the literature that
was reviewed; 2) The middleware which acts as a platform through which heterogeneous
devices can communicate with each other; 3) Cloud computing which is an important factor
ensuring real-time access to and storage of big data generated between devices; and, 4) Data
analysis, since a large amount of the data generated will be analyzed.

(Harvey, 2012).

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Big Data

On the other hand, the term Big Data (BD) has become a real buzzword even though it is not
a new concept Big data refers to large data sets that are impossible to manage and process
using traditional data management tools due to their volume and speed of creation. Valuable
information and in-sights are obtained when big data are collected and analyzed

(Akoka, Comyn-Wattiau and Laoufi, 2017).

Gartner (2012), Kwon and Sim (2013) and McAfee and Brynjolfsson (2012) defined Big Data
in terms of 3Vs: a) Volume, referring to the massive amount of data that utilizes huge storage;
b) Velocity, representing the high frequency or speed at which data are created and
transferred; c) Variety, as data comes from a large variety of different sources, dimensions
and formats of data. In other words, big data can be structured or unstructured. Some
authors/practitioners went beyond this definition by adding a fourth V, which stands for
Value, to point out the importance of obtaining economic benefits from data (IDC, 2012;
Oracle, 2012; Forrester, 2012). Furthermore, White (2012) introduced a fifth V, which stands
for Veracity, to emphasize the importance of quality data and the reliability of the sources of
data. On the other hand, Big Data Analytics (BDA) use advanced techniques to obtain useful
patterns/insights from an enormous amount of data

(Matsunaga, Brancher and Busto, 2015).

General Ramifications and Drivers of Industry 4.0 for Business

The ‘internet of all things’ is a double edged-sword capable of creating both challenges and
benefits for businesses. These effects will be devoid of regional and cultural boundaries, the
extent of its impact will largely depend on the size and capability of the business. Sommer
(2015) notes that the real questions pertain to awareness, readiness and capability to withstand
this storm that is evidently present now. Thus, firms have started acknowledging this changing
trend in all facets of the business world. However, what is lacking is that some firms
(especially SMEs) do not know how and where to implement the required changes. A
carefully designed change in a business model or process will enable firms to compete
effectively in this new landscape. Ultimately, the greatest distortion will be seen in and fuelled
by business organisations across the globe. This is because Industry 4.0 allows organisations
to digitalize the entire life cycle phases of their product/service offering.

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From a business point of view, there are two key drivers for a cyber-physical system. They
can be seen as the application pull triggers and technological push factors

(Lasi et al., 2014).

The pull factors are elements alluring to the entrepreneur or business. They are mostly
triggered by political, social, environment, and economic conditions of the society (Seliger &
Stock, 2015). The changing social fabric we see across the globe due to mass migration and
integration of cultures may be seen a good example to the point. Businesses must be extremely
sensitive to varying views and norms of their diverse customer base. This puts the power
firmly in the hands of the buyer. Businesses that want to exploit the benefits of Industry 4.0
should be willing to relinquish greater power to their various individualized
buyers/consumers. Another ramification of the above-mentioned considerations comes in the
form of increased need for flexible production systems. Production systems cannot be rigid if
the products being produced are to communicate smartly among themselves. A more
empowered consumer market will put a lot of pressure on firms’ production systems to meet
their individualised needs

(Lasi et al.,2014; Kagermann, Wahlster & Helbig, 2013).

This necessitates changes in most firms’ organisation systems. Thus, more and more firms
start to move from centralized hierarchical systems to decentralized ones. The environment is
related to the above pull factor from consumers. Consumers across the globe are increasingly
basing their purchasing decisions beyond the physical attributes of the product or service
value. Firms must constantly balance their need for greater sales and performance with the
demands of the physical environment Being environmentally sustainable is an example a
broad pull factor for firms. Corporate social responsibility initiatives are designed to leave the
least carbon footprint on the Earth. This requires that firms become more and more efficient
at extracting, distribution and consumption of resources. Smart factories with self-organising
elements are better equipped for doing this. This means those factories and their machines
will become increasingly autonomous, devoid of centralized organisational systems and
controls

(Sommer, 2015; Almada-Lobo, 2015).

The above considerations actualize the need for new products/services and business models
like never imagined Thus, Industry 4.0 needs smarter machines, people, products and
processes to function effectively in a cyber/cloud system. note that these new business models
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and products ultimately become a self-replicating loop of innovation. It is for this reason that
there seems to be lack of a comprehensive understanding of the current and future path of
Industry 4.0. This has resulted in innumerable propositions and implications of Industry 4.0
but very few empirical results and tangible outcomes

(Almada-Lobo, 2015; Roblek, Mesko & Kropez, 2016).

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 CHAPTER 5 –

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Meaning of research:

Research is an art of scientific investigation research covers the search for and retrieval of
information in common sense ‘search for knowledge’. Research is simply the process of
finding solution to a problem after a completing study and analysis of the situational factors.

Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define research
as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact,
research is an art of scientific investigation. The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current
English lays down the meaning of research as “a careful investigation or inquiry specially
through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge.”1 Redman and Mory define
research as a “systematized effort to gain new knowledge.”2 Some people consider research
as a movement, a movement from the known to the unknown. It is actually a voyage of
discovery. We all possess the vital instinct of inquisitiveness for, when the unknown confronts
us, we wonder and our inquisitiveness makes us probe and attain full and fuller understanding
of the unknown. This inquisitiveness is the mother of all knowledge and the method, which
man employs for obtaining the knowledge of whatever the unknown, can be termed as
research

Definition:

According to P.M.Cook, “Research is an honest, exhaustive, intelligent searching for facts

and their meaning for implication with reference to given problem”. It is the process of
arriving at dependable solution to problems through the planned &systematic collection,
analysis & interpretation of data, the best search is that which is reliable verifiable and
exhaustive so that it providing information in which we have confidence.

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Research Process:

Research process consists of series of actions or steps necessary to effectively carry out
research and the desired sequencing of these steps. The following chart well illustrates a
research process.

(Sourse: C.R.Kothari, Research Methodology Methods & Techniques)

Sources of data collection:

Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest,
in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research questions, test
hypotheses, and evaluate outcomes. The data collection component of research is common to
all fields of study including physical and social sciences, humanities, business, etc. While
methods vary by discipline, the emphasis on ensuring accurate and honest collection remains
the same. The goal for all data collection is to capture quality evidence that then translates to
rich data analysis and allows the building of a convincing and credible answer to questions
that have been posed.

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Method of data collection

• Data was collected from both sources i.e. primary and secondary data.

• Literature review was done with the sources of secondary data like research papers,
websites, and reports.

• Primary data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire that was used for
the survey. Survey was conducted in written form.

• Data was analysed with descriptive statistics, charts, tables.

Sample Meaning:

Sample is defined as, “a representative part or a single item from a larger whole or group
especially when presented for inspection or shown as evidence of quality”.

Research Design:

The formidable problem that follows the task of defining the research problem is the
preparation of the design of the research project, popularly known as the “research design”.
Decisions regarding what, where, when, how much, by what means concerning an inquiry or
a research study constitute a research design. “A research design is the arrangement of
conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to
the research purpose with economy in procedure.” In fact, the research design is the
conceptual structure within which research is conducted; it constitutes the blueprint for the
collection, measurement and analysis of data. As such the design includes an outline of what
the researcher will do from writing the hypothesis and its operational implications to the final
analysis of data.

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 • Current study is based on descriptive research design which helps to understand the
existing situation along with characteristics of the population.

• Population of the current study is about 4000 enterprises. Any enterprise within
Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation area doing business for more than one year
is the representative sample.

• Sampling Technique: Simple Random Sampling

• Sample Universe: 4000

• Sample size: 114

Screenshot preview of the google questionnaire:

(Source: Google Forms)

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 CHAPTER 6 –

DATA ANALYSIS &

DATA INTERPRETATION
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

A. Awareness of Industry 4.0

1. Industry-wise Sample distribution

Table No 2:

Options Response Percentage

Manufacturing 10 8.8%

Services 6 5.3%

Aerospace 7 6.1%

Construction 13 11.4%

FMCG 12 10.5%

IT 15 13.2%

Retail 19 16.7%

Agro 12 10.5%

Chemical 8 7%

Fashion 10 8.8%

Other 2 1.7%

Chart No. 1:

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Interpretation:

16.7% respondents are from retail, 13.2% are from IT sector, 11.4% are from construction
industry, 10.5% are from agro, again 10.5% are from FMCG, 8.8% from manufacturing, again
8.8% from fashion, 7% are from chemical industry, 6.1% are from aerospace, 5.3% from
services & 1.7% from other industries.

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2. Bare-Awareness: Awareness about Industry 4.0 without covering its meaning

Table No 3:

Options Response Percentage

Yes 53 46.5%

No 61 53.5%

Chart No. 2:

Interpretation:

46.5% of Responders said that they know the Industry 4.0 barely with its name. 53.5% of
Responders said that they are not aware about Industry 4.0 bare by its name.

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3. Awareness about Industry 4.0 after covering its meaning

Table No 4:

Options Response Percentage

Now, I’m aware & we are 6 9.8%

implementing the same

Now, I’m aware but we are 8 13.1%

not implementing at all

Still, I’m not aware about 47 77%

Industry 4.0 & we are not
implementing at all

Chart No. 3:

Interpretation:

6 out of 61 respondents who said they are not aware about industry 4.0 bare by its name, said
Now they are aware & implementing same. 8 out of those 61 respondents said Now they are
aware but not implementing the same. 47 out of those 61 respondents said that they are still
unaware and not implementing at all.

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B. Implementation Status of Industry 4.0

1. Technologies that are implemented/are implementing within those industries

Table No 5:

Options Response Percentage

System Integration 18 30.5%

Big Data 27 45.8%

Internet of Things 35 59.3%

Simulation 32 54.2%

The Cloud 24 40.7%

Cyber Security 23 39%

Autonomous Robots 31 52.5%

Augmented Reality 22 37.3%

Additive Manufacturing 11 18.6%

Graph No. 1:

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Interpretation:

59.3% of respondents have implemented/ are implementing Internet of things, 54.2% of

respondents have implemented/ are implementing simulation, 52.5% of respondents have
implemented/ are implementing Autonomous robots, 45.8% of respondents have
implemented/ are implementing Big data, 40.7% of respondents have implemented/ are
implementing The cloud, 39% of respondents have implemented/ are implementing Cyber
security, 37.3% of respondents have implemented/ are implementing Augmented reality,
30.5% of respondents have implemented/ are implementing System Integration, 18.6% of
respondents have implemented/ are implementing additive manufacturing.

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2. Current Status of Implementation

Table No 6:

Options Response Percentage

Strategy existed, fully implemented 10 16.9%

Strategy existed, partially implemented 17 28.8%

Strategy existed, not yet implemented 16 27.1%

Strategy in development 10 16.9%

Strategy does not exist, no plans for Industry 4.0 6 10.2%

strategy

Chart No. 4:

Interpretation:

Maximum respondents i.e. 17 out of 59 said that they have strategy and it is partially
implemented. 16 respondents said that they have developed strategy, but not implemented
yet. 10 respondents said they have strategy in development. 10 respondents said that they have
developed strategy and its fully implemented. 6 respondents said that they don’t have strategy
and no plans for industry 4.0.

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C. Usefulness of Industry 4.0

Table No 7:

Parameters Maximum Response

System Integration 2

Big Data 3

Internet of Things 2

Simulation 3

The Cloud 1

Cyber Security 2

Autonomous Robots 3

Augmented Reality 2

Additive Manufacturing 3

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Graph No. 2:

Interpretation:

Big data, Simulation, Autonomous robots, Additive manufacturing have received maximum
ratings in the context of usefulness i.e. 3 out of 5. They are succeeded by Internet of things,
system integration, cyber security, augmented reality with the rating of 2 out of 5. The cloud
received minimum rating i.e. 1 out of 5.

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D. Key Enablers & Applications of Industry 4.0

1. Key Enablers for Industry 4.0

Table No 8:

Options Response Percentage

Increase Efficiency 47 70.1%

Cost Savings 36 53.7%

Optimization in Decision 37 55.2%

making

To increase the flexibility of 39 58.2%

processes

Competitive Advantages 44 65.7%

& others 13 19.4%

Graph No. 3:

Interpretation:

70.1% of respondents have thought that, increasing efficiency is the key enabler to Industry
4.0. 65.7% of respondents have thought that, getting competitive advantage over other
competitors is the key enabler to Industry 4.0. 58.2% of respondents have thought that,
37 | P a g e
increasing the processes flexibility is the key enabler to Industry 4.0. 55.2% of respondents
have thought that, optimizing decision making is the key enabler to Industry 4.0. 53.7% of
respondents have thought that, cost saving is the key enabler to Industry 4.0. 19.4% of
respondents have thought that, apart from this there are others key enablers also.

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2. Applications of Industry 4.0

Table No 9:

Options Response Percentage

Production process control 30 44.8%

Predictive maintenance 34 50.7%

Monitoring & controlling of machines 33 49.3%

Energy Savings 44 65.7%

Supporting operational efficiency 45 67.2%

Tracking goods & materials 45 67.2%

Health & safety 29 43.3%

Others 17 25.4%

Graph No. 4:

Interpretation:

67.2% of respondents have said that, supporting operational efficiency & tracking
goods/materials are the applications of Industry 4.0. 65.7% of respondents have said that,
energy saving is the application of Industry 4.0. 50.7% of respondents have said that,
predictive maintenance is the application of Industry 4.0. 49.3% of respondents have said that,
39 | P a g e
monitoring & controlling machines is the application of Industry 4.0. 44.8% of respondents
have said that, production process control is the application of Industry 4.0. 43.3% of
respondents have said that, health & safety is the application of Industry 4.0. 25.4% of
respondents have said that, in spite of these there are other applications also.

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E. Change to paradigm of Industry

Table No 10:

Options Response Percentage

Strongly disagree 4 6%

Disagree 10 14.9%

Neutral 4 6%

Agree 19 28.4%

Strongly agree 30 44.8%

Chart No. 5:

Interpretation:

44.8% of responders are strongly agreeing that Industry 4.0 will change the paradigm of
industry. 28.4% of responders are that Industry 4.0 will change the paradigm of industry.
14.4% of responders are disagreeing that Industry 4.0 will change the paradigm of industry.
6% of responders are neutral that Industry 4.0 will change the paradigm of industry. 6% of
responders are strongly disagreeing that that Industry 4.0 will change the paradigm of
industry.

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CHAPTER 7 –

FINDINGS
 FINDINGS

• From the research it is clear that, 46.5% of responders know the Industry 4.0 barely
with its name. 53.5% of responders are not aware about Industry 4.0 bare by its name.

• From the research it is clear that, 22.9% of respondents have found that they were
aware about the concept but failed to recognise barely by its name i.e. Industry 4.0.

• From the research it is clear that, maximum 59.3% of respondents have implemented/
are implementing Internet of things.

• It is also found that, Maximum respondents i.e. 17 out of 59 said that they have
strategy and it is partially implemented.

• Furthermore, it’s clear that maximum respondents i.e. 70.1% have thought that,
increasing efficiency is the key enabler to Industry 4.0.

• From the research it is also clear that, 67.2% of respondents have found that,
supporting operational efficiency & tracking goods/materials are the applications of
Industry 4.0.

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CHAPTER 8 –

SUGGESTIONS
 SUGGESTIONS

• Over the last few decades, industrial growth has declined throughout the world, in part
due to a severe decapitalisation process and the relocation of production to low-cost
countries. In this challenging scenario, it is needed to increase the awareness about
Industry 4.0, since only 46% are aware barely by its name.

• In this digital era, those enterprises can easily become aware about Industry 4.0
technologies. Lack of funds, skilled labours, risk of becoming wholly reliant on
external support these are few barriers for deploying those technologies within the
SME’s.

• Internet of Things (IoT), Simulation, Big data etc technologies are very popular and
most widely used. There are other emerging technologies also like Cloud Computing,
system integration, augmented reality these are also useful.

• For those who are at primary stage of implementation or planning to implement the
Industry 4.0 technologies in future, a well-developed strategy for its implementation
can prove a competitive advantage over business rivals.

• If any organization is looking for achieving all/any one of the following viz. increased
processes flexibility, optimized decision making, cost cutting & cost control then
Industry 4.0 technologies can be a good option.

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CHAPTER 9 –
CONCLUSION
 CONCLUSION
Ever since the popularization of the concept Industry 4.0, steady progress continues to be
made across the globe towards establishing a much more fluid and effective knowledge
acquisition and sharing systems. From the economic point of view, every enterprise should
focus on Industry 4.0. This would make every enterprise to gain a greater foothold in the local
as well as global business arena. To do this, greater Industry 4.0 awareness is needed in all
spheres of academia, public and private institutions.

This study explored the current level of awareness among 114 business enterprises under more
than 11 different sectors operating in PCMC area. The study delved into the businesses’ state
of knowledge and competences as well the strategic measures put in place by them.

The study revealed that Industry 4.0 awareness levels differ depending on the sectors these
businesses operate in. These variations ultimately led to varying levels of training that
employees received. Also, awareness levels influenced the capacity of these firms to grow
within local as well as international market. In addition, the study showed that the
participating enterprises were engaged in medium level work on Industry 4.0 technologies
that included cloud computing systems, data science, simulation and modelling, autonomous
robot technologies. As a whole, there was enough evidence that the level of qualified and
skilled employees continues to increase in transition towards Industry 4.0. Thus, the
employees in PCMC area are becoming more aware of the digital trend and are looking for
more and varied education and training programs for themselves.

Participants agreed that Industry 4.0 technologies first demand a business case, which should
be periodically reviewed. There is a latent and confirmed need for new skills and workers
have to be trained to be prepared for this revolutionary change. Practitioners recommended
an evaluation of its impact on the organization, the training, new talent acquisition, the culture
and the processes change requirements. These latter changes should be kept in mind when
planning the transformation in order to gain the expected benefits.

Last but not least, as most enterprises do not count with the vital expertise to define and deploy
a strategy integrating the different Industry 4.0 technologies on their own, it is expected a fast
emergence of new collaborative networks. Therefore, further research is required to enable
organizations envisioning such digital transformation.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books:

• Alasdair Gilchrist, Industry 4.0: The Industrial Internet of Things, 1st edition, Apress
Publication, 2017
• C.R.Kothari, Research Methodology Methods & Techniques, 2nd revised edition,
Jaipur, New Age International Publishers, 1990.
• Alp Ustundag, Emre Cevikcan, Industry 4.0: Managing The Digital Transformation,
1st edition, Springer Publication, 2016.

Journals/ Research Papers:

• Sommer, L. Industrial Revolution- Industry 4.0: Are Indian Manufacturing SMESs

the First Victims of the Revolution? Journal of Industrial Engineering and
Management, (2015), 8(5),
• Davutoglu, N. A., Akgul, B. & Yildiz, E. Economic Effects of Restructuring on
Businesses and Sectors in Accordance with National Industry 4.0. The Journal of
Academic Social Science, (2017), 5(52).
• Kagermann, H., Wahlster, W., & Helbig, J. Recommendations for Implementing the
Strategic Initiative Industrie 4.0. National Academy of Science and Engineering.
(2013), Vol. 23
• R. Neugebauer, S. Hippmann, M. Leis, M. Landherr, Industrie 4.0- Form the
perspective of apllied research, 49th CIRP conference on Manufacturing systems
(2016), 2-7

Websites:

• www.wikipedia.com
• www.wordstream.com
• www.investopedia.com

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Annexures:

Questionnaire:

1. What is your Industrial Sector?

• Question Type
• Manufacturing
• Services
• Aerospace
• Construction
• FMCG
• IT
• Retail
• Agro
• Chemical
• Fashion
• Other

2. Are you aware about 'Industry 4.0' ?

• Yes
• No

3. Industry 4.0 is defined as,

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 • Now, I am aware & we are implementing the same
• Now, I am aware but we aren't implementing at all
• Still, I am not aware about Industry 4.0 & we aren't implementing at all

4. Which of the following technologies do you implement into your company?

• System Integration
• Big Data
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• Simulation
• The Cloud
• Cyber security
• Autonomous Robots
• Augmented Reality
• Additive Manufacturing

5. What is your current status of implementation?

• Strategy existed, fully implemented

• Strategy existed, partially implemented
• Strategy existed, not yet implemented
• Strategy in development
• Strategy does not exist, No plans for Industry 4.0 strategy

6. Mark the usefulness of following technologies.

Parameters 0 1 2 3 4 5
System Integration
Big Data
Internet of Things
Simulation
The Cloud
Cyber Security
Autonomous Robots

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7. What is/are the key enablers for Industry 4.0?

• Increase Efficiency
• Cost Savings
• Optimization in Decision making
• To increase the flexibility of processes
• Competitive Advantage
• & Others/ Other

8. What is/are the applications of Industry 4.0?

• Production Process Control

• Predictive Maintenance
• Monitoring & Control of Machines
• Energy Savings
• Supporting operational efficiency
• Tracking Goods/Materials inside the company
• Health & Safety
• Others

9. Do you agree that 'Industry 4.0' will change the paradigm of Industry?

• Strongly disagree
• Disagree
• Neutral
• Agree
• Strongly agree

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