Name: Jules Lyndon Oraye

Date: 10/12/2020
Subject Code and Section:ELX 201 BS ECE 2
Instructor: Engr. Borman B. Bobis

LED Biasing
I. Materials
QTY. Description
1 Variable DC power supply,
1 1N4001 Rectifier Diode,
1 Ammeter
1 Voltmeter
1 Breadboard with connecting wires
1 Electronic Trainer or Electronic
Simulation Software(Multisim or
Electronic Circuit Studio or any
electronic simulation software)

II. Objectives
1. To compute for the required series R for the LED
2. To simulate the circuit and compare the measured voltages
and currents to the computed values.

III. Procedures
1. Connect the circuit by following the schematic diagram
below using actual components or an electronic simulation
software. Observe correct polarity for all components.
Reminder: An ammeter should always be connected in
series with the circuit and a voltmeter in parallel or across
the component whose voltage is to be measured.
VI.
2. Compute for the value of the series R1 for V​D​ = 2 V and I​D​ =
20 mA for a Supply voltage of 12 V as shown in the circuit
above.

Computations:
V​supply =​ 12 V R=???
​ V​D​ = 2 V
I​D​ = 20 mA or 0.02 A
​V​R​ = V​supply​- V​D​ = 12 V - 2 V = 10 V
Sol’n:
V​R​ = I * R >>> R = V​R​/I >>> R= 10/0.02 = ​500 ohm
V
3. Use the computed value of R1 for your simulation. Record
the current and voltages reading of the meters and
compare it with the computed values.

V​R (v)
​ V​LED ​(v) I​circuit ​(A)
9.871 2.129(Green) 0.02

Comparisons:

It also has the same computation as in the case of no. 2.

IV. Questions.
Why do we need to put a series R to the LED?
LED is Light Emitting Diode, since it is a type of diode it has a
very very low resistance when forward biased.

So if LED is connected directly to a battery, Without a resistor

large amounts of current flows which burn out the LED.

Eq. If LED has forward resistance of 2 ohm and it is connected

to 12v battery, then current will be equal to I=V/R i.e. I = 12/2=
6000 mA, which will ultimately lead to burning of LED.
Now if we add a series resistance of 500 ohms,
then I = 12 / (500 + 2) = 0.02mA, which is sufficient to operate
the LED properly.
V. Conclusions
● LED stands for light emitting diode and it is like a regular diode it
only allows the current to flow in one direction and it emits light
whenever voltage is applied across and when it is in the forward
bias.
● Very low resistance when forward biased
● Nominal Voltage drop: 2V
● You need a resistor for every LED and these resistors are called
current limiting resistors and without these, the LED will be
destroyed or damaged.
● The positive terminal in LED is the long one and the negative
terminal is the short one.
VI. Results/Evidences (Screen shots/Pictures/Selfie doing the
simulation):