EIGRP Commands

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The router global configuration mode command is used to begin the
configuration of any dynamic routing protocol.
R1#router eigrp 1 {enter the router configuration mode for EIGRP and begin
the configuration of the EIGRP process}
 EIGRP requires all routers in the same routing domain to be configured
with the same autonomous system number.
 Note: EIGRP and OSPF can support multiple instances of the routing
protocol. However, this multiple routing protocol implementation is not
usually needed or recommended.
R1#no router eigrp 1 {To completely remove the EIGRP routing process from a
device}
R1#eigrp router-id 1.1.1.1
 The EIGRP router ID is used to uniquely identify each router in the EIGRP
routing domain.
 The ipv4-address router ID can be configured with any IPv4 address
except 0.0.0.0 and 255.255.255.255. The router ID should be a unique
 32-bit number in the EIGRP routing domain; otherwise, routing
inconsistencies can occur.
 If the router ID is not configured, choose the highest IPv4 address of any
of its loopback interfaces. If no loopback interfaces are configured,
choose the highest active IPv4 address of any of its physical interfaces.
 If the network administrator does not explicitly configure a router ID
using the eigrp router-id command, EIGRP generates its own router ID
using either a loopback or physical IPv4 address
R1#network 172.16.0.0 {adding directly connected networks}
R1#network 192.168.10.0 {adding directly connected networks}
R2# router eigrp 1
R2#network 192.168.10.8 0.0.0.3 {there may be times when the network
administrator does not want to include all interfaces within a network when
enabling EIGRP}
 Assume that an administrator wants to enable EIGRP on R2, but only for
the subnet 192.168.10.8 255.255.255.252, on the S0/0/1 interface.
 Note: 0.0.0.3 is a wildcard mask
Or R2#network 192,168.10.8 255.255.255.252 {may be accomplished using a
subnetmask instead
R1#router eigip 1
R1#passive-interface gigabitethernet 0/0 {command prevents the exchange of
routes on the interface}
R1#passive-interface default {To configure all interfaces as passive}
#no passive-interface g0/0 {To disable an interface as passive}
 An example of using the passive interface to increase security controls is
when a network must connect to a third-party organization, for which
the local administrator has no control, such as when connecting to an
ISP network. In addition passive interface command must be configure
on LAN interface so as to save bandwidth
Before EIGRP can send or receive any updates, routers must establish
adjacencies with their neighbors. EIGRP routers establish adjacencies with
neighbor routers by exchanging EIGRP Hello packets.
#show ip eigrp neighbors {to view the neighbor table and verify that EIGRP has
established an adjacency with its neighbors}
 For each router, you should be able to see the IPv4 address of the
adjacent router and the interface that this router uses to reach that
EIGRP neighbor.
#no auto-summary {disabling automatic summarization of route to classful
addresses}
 The command was used in Prior to IOS 15, when EIGRP automatic
summarization was enabled by default.

Verifying EIGRP: show ip protocols Command

#show ip protocols {useful to identify the parameters and other information
about the current state of any active IPv4 routing protocol processes
configured on the router} i.e
 To verify whether any interface on a router is configured as passive
#show ip eigrp neighbors {command is very useful for verifying and
troubleshooting EIGRP}
If a neighbor is not listed after adjacencies have been established with a
router’s neighbors, check the local interface to ensure it is activated with the
show ip interface brief command. If the interface is active, try to ping the IPv4
address of the neighbor. If the ping fails, it means that the neighbor interface is
down and must be activated. If the ping is successful and EIGRP still does not
see the router as a neighbor, examine the following configurations:
 Are both routers configured with the same EIGRP autonomous system
number?
 Is the directly connected network included in the EIGRP network
statements?
#show ip route {EIGRP routes are denoted in the routing table with a D. The
letter D was used to represent EIGRP because the protocol is based upon the
DUAL algorithm}
R1 has two paths to the 192.168.10.8/30 network, because its cost or metric to
reach that network is the same or equal using both routers. These are known
as equal cost routes. R1 uses both paths to reach this network, which is known
as load balancing.
 The show ip route command verifies that routes received by EIGRP
neighbors are installed in the IPv4 routing table. It displays the entire
routing table, including remote networks learned dynamically, directly
connected and static routes. For this reason, it is normally the first
command used to check for convergence.

Bandwidth and Delay

#show interface serial 0/0/0 {to verify bandwidth}
 If actual bandwidth of the link differs from the default bandwidth value,
the bandwidth value should be modified.
#interface serial 0/0/0
#bandwidth 1024
#no bandwidth {to restore bandwidth to default}
 Note: Modifying the bandwidth value does not change the actual
bandwidth of the link. The bandwidth command only modifies the
bandwidth metric used by routing protocols, such as EIGRP and OSPF.
EIGRP uses the slowest bandwidth along that path to the destination in its
metric calculation.
The delay value, much like the bandwidth value, is a default value that can
be changed by the network administrator.
 When used to determine the EIGRP metric, delay is the cumulative (sum)
of all interface delays along the path (measured in tens of
microseconds).
 Cisco recommends not modifying the delay parameter, unless the
network administrator has a specific reason to do so.

How to Calculate the EIGRP Metric

Therefore Metric = Bandwidth + Cumulated Delay (sum) of all interface delays

along the path (measured in tens of microseconds)/10*256
#show ip eigrp topology {to view the topology table. The topology table lists all
successors and FSs that DUAL has calculated to destination networks. Only the
successor is installed into the IP routing table}
Note: If the topology only shows 1 via, means there are no Feasible Successors
Occasionally, the path to the successor fails and the successor is no longer
available and there is no feasible successor, DUAL puts the route into an active
state. DUAL sends EIGRP queries asking other routers for a path to the
network. Other routers return EIGRP replies, letting the sender of the EIGRP
query know whether or not they have a path to the requested network. If none
of the EIGRP replies have a path to this network, the sender of the query does
not have a route to this network.
The selected debug output in Figure 2 shows

FD is 3012096 – FD-feasible distance, the EIGRP metric to reach the destination

network. This is the metric displayed in the IP routing table.
via 192.168.10.10 - Next-hop address of the successor, R3. This address is
shown in the routing table
 3012096 - FD to 192.168.1.0/24. It is the metric shown in the IP routing
table.
 2816 – RD-reported distance of the successor and is R3’s cost to reach
this network.
 Serial 0/0/1 - Outbound interface used to reach this network, also
shown in the routing table.
via 172.16.3.1 - Next-hop address of the Feasible Successor FD, R1.
 41024256 - R2’s new FD to 192.168.1.0/24, if R1 became the new
successor and would be the new metric displayed in the IP routing table.
 2170112 - RD of the FS, or R1’s metric to reach this network. RD must be
less than the current FD of 3,012,096 to meet the FC.
  Serial 0/0/0 - This is the outbound interface used to reach FS, if this
router becomes the successor.

#show ip route {The IP routing table only includes the best path, the successor
from the topology table}
#show ip eigrp topology all-links {shows all possible paths to a network,
including successors, FSs, and even those routes that are not FSs-the ones’ that
doesn’t satisfy the Feasible Condition}