Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2020
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1. Greek mythology will always be culturally relevant in our world. These stories concern
2. the origin and the nature of the world, the lives and activities of Gods, heroes, and
3. mythological creatures, and the origins and significance of the ancient Greeks' own cult
4. and ritual practices. Modern scholars study the myths in an attempt to shed light on the
5. religious and political institutions of ancient Greece and its civilization, and to gain
6. understanding of the nature of myth-making itself.
7. There is a great deal of Greek mythology symbolism of Greek gods in today’s society.
8. Many aspects of our culture involve and began from Greek myths. The solar system is, for
9. the most part, also named after Greek gods, with the exception of Earth, all of the planets in
10. our solar system have names from Greek or Roman mythology.
11. There is also much symbolism of Greek gods and mythology in today’s society. Greek
12. mythology is greatly reflected in advertising. Several examples are Nike, the goddess of
13. victory, and the very popular sports company, Nike. Another popular advertisement is for
14. the FTD flower delivery company. Their logo includes Hermes or Mercury, the messenger
15. of the gods with winged feet.
16. Apollo, the god of music, has a famous music hall in New York named after him, the
17. Apollo Theater. There is also a magazine of the arts called Daedalus. Many of the heroes in
18. Greek mythology are on a quest for truth. In today’s society, humans are still looking for
19. truthful answers to their many questions.
20. Myths explain things the people are believed to not understand. Creation stories in Greek
21. mythology tell of how everything came to be, in their opinion. Many Creation stories
22. include a flood story, which leads Christians to have greater faith in the fact that it
23. occurred.
24. It is also important to study Greek mythology because it is part of history. There can be a
25. lot learnt about the Greek culture. Greek mythology will always be relevant to the people in
26. this world. Greek mythology has had an extensive influence on the culture, arts, and
27. literature of Western Civilization and remains part of Western heritage and language. Poets
28. and artists from ancient times to the present have derived inspiration from Greek mythology
29. and have discovered contemporary significance and relevance in the themes.
a) English culture
b) Greek mythology
c) Modern gods
d) Greek symbolism
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3 It is important to study Greek mythology because it is
a) related to advertising
b) not reflected in our present
c) part of the world’s history
d) relevant to human behavior
a) retreat
b) travel
c) search
d) escape
5 When the author mentions “there can be a lot learnt” he means that people should
a) Nike
b) Starchild
c) Daedalus
d) Roman
a) suspicion
b) disbelief
c) rejection
d) conviction
3
8 The word humans is NOT synonymous to
a) people
b) immortals
c) persons
d) individuals
a) Christians
b) Hermes and Apollo
c) FDC
d) poets and artists
a) fashionable
b) present-day
c) old -fashioned
d) unimportant
Stevie Wonder (11) _________ one of the most famous pop musicians in the world
today. He was born in 1950 in Saginaw, a small city in North American state of Michigan,
but at the age of four, he (12)_________ to Detroit. He has been blind his whole life but
(13)_________ singing and playing instruments, especially the piano, at an early age. When
he was only 13, he had number one record with the song ‘Fingertips’. This (14)_________ by
many hit records over the next forty years.
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a) is
b) was
c) have been
d) will be
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a) was moving
b) moved
c) has moved
d) has been moving
4
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a) began
b) has begun
c) is beginning
d) will begin
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a) are followed
b) is being followed
c) was followed
d) followed
Noah Webster (15) _________ from 1758 to 1843. At the time of the American Revolution,
he (16)_________ in New York State. Before the war, Webster used textbooks from
England. The war, however, made it impossible for teachers to get British textbooks. To take
the place of the British textbooks, Webster wrote his own textbook, “The American Speller”
(1783). This book became enormously popular. By 1883, the Merriam publishing company
(17) _________ 70 million copies of this book. Millions of children in the United States
learned how to spell and pronounce words with Webster’s book. Noah Webster later (18)
_________ the first American dictionary. It contained 70,000 entries and it (19) _________
the first dictionary to include American words as well as American spellings and
pronunciations. He called it "An American Dictionary of the English Language. Webster in
addition to creating a dictionary helped to create an American nation.
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a) has lived
b) lived
c) had lived
d) has been living
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a) teaches
b) had taught
c) has taught
d) was teaching
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a) sold
b) was selling
c) had sold
d) would sell
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a) wrote
b) will write
c) has written
d) writes
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a) is
b) was
c) has been
d) would be
Turner almost wished that he (20)__________to the radio. He went to the closet and grabbed
his umbrella. He (21)__________silly carrying it to the bus stop on such a sunny morning
when there was still no rain. Though it (22)__________the day before and the ground still
was wet people (23)__________ lightly and the sky was clear. Anyhow, he knew that by
the afternoon everybody (24)__________ wet because the rain was unavoidable.
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a) didn’t listen
b) hadn’t listened
c) listened
d) were listened
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a) felt
b) is feeling
c) has been felt
d) would feel
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a) had rained
b) has been raining
c) were raining
d) was raining
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a) were dressed
b) dressed
c) were dressing
d) had dressed
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a) got
b) would get
c) will get
d) had got
a) nobody
b) anybody
c) somebody
d) no one
a) Neither do I
b) So don’t I
c) So I don’t
d) Nor don’t I
a) so hardly
b) such hardly
c) such hard
d) so hard
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29 “Do you ever regret __________ John?”
“No, he turned out to be the best husband in the world.”
a) marrying
b) being married
c) in marrying
d) to marry
a) beside
b) except for
c) except
d) besides
a) used to cook
b) used to cooking
c) am used to cooking
d) am used to cook
a) nice
b) nicely
c) in a nice way
d) so nicely
33 “Where is_________?”
“Most of its territory is in Mongolia.”
a) Gobi Desert
b) the Gobi Desert
c) Desert of Gobi
d) the Desert Gobi
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34 “John and Jack both get good grades.”
“Nonetheless, John is __________ of the two.”
a) At June 29
b) Of June 29
c) On June 29
d) On 29th in the June
a) ten-minutes
b) ten minute
c) ten minutes
d) ten-minute
a) some
b) either
c) neither
d) none
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IV. ÀÝïñ»É ѳٳï»ùëïÇÝ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ë˳ÝáÕ ËáëùÇÙ³ë³ÛÇÝ Ó¨Á:
Fill in the blanks with the word form that best fits each space.
For hundreds of years, people thought dreams were (38)______________ messages from gods
or spirits. Today, too many people can remember a time when they saw a place or person in
their dream and then, later, the dream happened in (39)______________life. Maybe that’s not
(40)______________ because we dream a lot but we (41)______________ only remember the
times when something happens in a dream and then happens for real. Most people have four to
six dreams every night after the age of ten. That’s as (42)______________ as 2,000 dreams per
year. So, an 80-year-old person has probably had 140,000 dreams. Maybe we forget 95–99 per
cent of our dreams, but that’s still thousands of dreams that might ‘come true’.
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a) meaningless
b) meant
c) meaningful
d) meaning
39
a) reality
b) unreally
c) real
d) really
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a) surprise
b) surprising
c) surprised
d) surprises
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a) probable
b) probability
c) improbable
d) probably
42
a) many
b) more
c) much
d) moreover
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V. ÀÝïñ»É ݳ˳¹³ëáõÃÛ³Ý µáí³Ý¹³ÏáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ѳٳå³ï³ë˳ÝáÕ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÁ:
Choose the right option.
43 I’ll be able to defend you ______________ you tell me the whole truth.
a) only if
b) in spite
c) despite
d) even though
44 ________________ the type of language people use shows a lot about their education and
background.
45 School was cancelled for a day __________ the biggest snow storm in five years.
a) because of
b) as though
c) only if
d) in fact
a) Not lately
b) Soon after
c) No sooner had
d) Hardly ever had
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48 Scientists are now beginning to conduct experiments on __________ noise pollution can
trigger different sorts of health risks.
a) since
b) still
c) unless
d) how
49 _______ the work was physically demanding, and at times we felt really exhausted, seeing
the end result was very satisfying.
a) Owing to
b) Even though
c) No matter
d) As though
50 People often don't tell the truth on market surveys; _________ , the results obtained from
them are not always accurate.
a) for
b) otherwise
c) due to
d) thus
51
1. The guide said to us: “They destroyed all the masterpieces which reminded of that
civilization.”
The guide told to us that they destroyed all the masterpieces which reminded of that
civilization.
2. “ They are satisfied with my job.” Sam said.
Sam said that they were satisfied with his job.
3. “Could you show me this dress, please?” said Ann to the sales assistant.
Ann asked the sales assistant to show her that dress.
4. Mr. Ronald asked: “Where is the symposium supposed to be held tomorrow?”
Mr. Ronald wondered where the symposium was supposed to be held the next day.
5. Jessie reminded Mary to turn off the TV.
Jessie said, “Mary, don’t forget to turn off the TV.”
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1. Jane offered to bring me some tea.
Jane asked me, “Would you bring me some tea?”
2. “I go to concerts with my friends,” he says.
He says that he goes to concerts with his friends.
3. “Work hard if you want to succeed,” the teacher said to us.
The teacher warned to work hard if we want to succeed.
4. “Who is your favorite singer?” Nancy asked Simon.
Nancy asked Simon who his favorite singer was.
5. “What about going to the cinema tomorrow?” she said.
She asked if they will go to the cinema the following day.
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1. “Don’t forget to be on time,” said Anthony.
Anthony says me to be on time.
2. My sister told me that if I needed a bookshop she could recommend me a good one.
My sister said to me, “If you need a bookshop I can recommend you a good one.”
3. “Do you know who invented the mobile phone?” Sue says to me.
Sue asks me if I know who invented the mobile phone.
4. “Will you join me for coffee this afternoon?” Phil said to Mary.
Phil invited Mary to join him for coffee that afternoon.
5. “Is an investigation really necessary?” he said.
He asked that an investigation was really necessary.
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1. She said she would come with me as soon as she was ready.
“I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready,” she says.
2. Greg said, “I am sorry to interrupt you, Mary.”
Greg told her that he was sorry to interrupt Mary.
3. Lily said to her sister: “Don’t forget to take your umbrella.”
Lily reminded her sister to take her umbrella.
4. “I visited Mary as she was sick,” said Sandy.
Sandy says that she had visited Mary as she had been sick.
5. “Switch off your mobile phones at the lesson,” the teacher said to us.
The teacher told us to switch off our mobile phones at the lesson.
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We owe many of __________ ideas about fairies to Shakespeare and stories from the 18th
and 19th centuries. Although we can see the origins of fairies as far back as the Ancient Greeks,
we can see similar __________ in many cultures. Some people think these creatures were
__________the gods of earlier religions that __________ the nature. Later they were replaced
by the Christian God and became less __________ figures as they lost importance.
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1. He’s accepted an offer of £250,000, isn’t he?
2. Could Bob have told such a terrible lie?
3. Do you remember were you at home last weekend?
4. Your friend’s got a strange hobby, hasn’t he?
5. Have you ever thought of starting your own business?
58
1. He has to visit his sick friend today, doesn’t he?
2. Is there a website that can explain why leaves change color in the fall?
3. Do you know what does the new computer program provide?
4. Does anybody know where was first played the game of golf?
5. Sam will scarcely want to take up this job, will he?
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1. Do you remember what did the lecturer say about early teachers?
2. Is Cambridge University as old as the University of Oxford?
3. How long had you studied English before you took the TOEFL test?
4. When are you planning to send the memo to the staff?
5. The body depends on food as its primary source of energy, isn’t it?
60
1. He had completed the work before I came, hadn’t he?
2. Do you know where his brother-in-law works?
3. He’d better accept their proposal, wouldn’t he?
4. When do you think they will arrive in Holland?
5. Do they have to announce the verdict today?
61
1. Nobody realized what was going on, did they?
2. What are you going to be when do you grow up?
3. Did you repair the roof yourself or it had repaired?
4. Will you be able to visit Granny tomorrow or not?
5. Can you tell me who has suggested his taking part in the race?
62
Four thousand climbers, aged between 13 and 80, have been __________ the top of
Everest. Climbing high mountains requires a lot of preparation and is very dangerous, but some
of the world’s best climbers are now looking __________ new challenges. Gerlinde
Kaltenbrunner from Austria fell __________ love with climbing as a teenager. When she left
school, she worked as a nurse and climbed in her free time. Starting __________ Everest, she
has been climbing all the world’s fourteen peaks over 8,000 metres. To increase the challenge,
Gerlinde climbs without using oxygen tanks. Low oxygen levels can make climbers ill, so
Gerlinde has to climb slowly. Gerlinde is passionate __________ Nepal and raises money for a
charity for poor children and orphans there.
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X. ÀÝïñ»É ³ÛÝ Ý³Ë³¹³ëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ áñáնցում կա ավելորդ բառ:
Choose the sentences with an odd word.
63
1. Everybody knows that it is no use of arguing with the Smiths about politics.
2. The political situation in the country seems to be changing day by day.
3. I am sure that Susan will be never return to her native town.
4. Though its mouth is big, but a crocodile can swallow only small animals.
5. They assured us that the work would have been completed by that time.
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1. From year to the year life is becoming easier but more expensive.
2. The students greeted to the lecturers who entered the auditorium.
3. The policeman warned the pedestrians to take the subway.
4. In the 19th century the exploration of the Moon was been carried out by means of powerful
telescopes.
5. Helium has the most lowest boiling point of all substances.
66
1. Man is a complex being: he makes deserts bloom and lakes to die.
2. His remark was so funny that I couldn’t help laughing.
3. The cinema used to be the most popular form of entertainment for most people nowadays.
4. Ann’s sister insisted on to staying there till the rain had stopped.
5. It is common knowledge that technology makes life easier for everyone.
67
1. I am not got used to wearing a hat and a scarf in winter.
2. The first rugs were made by the hand and the finest ones are still handmade.
3. Radio stations which broadcast only news first appeared in the 1970s.
4. At the beginning of May he was left for the United States.
5. As soon as the doctor arrived, we felt immensely relieved because we knew that we could
count on him.
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XI. îñí³Í ݳ˳¹³ëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó áñá±Ýù »Ý Ïñ³íáñ³Ï³Ý ë»éáí ×Çßï Ó¨³Ï»ñåí³Í:
Choose the correctly formulated Passive constructions.
68
1. Herostratus burnt the Temple of Artemis to make himself famous.
2. These apricot-trees will have blossomed by the end of this month.
3. No better reply could have been given in such a situation.
4. Fresh air and exercise contribute to good health.
5. The music to the national anthem of Armenia was written by a Lebanese-Armenian
composer Barsegh Kanachyan.
69
1. The button has sewn on your coat by your sister.
2. He has got a complete command of his emotions.
3. How many people have subscribed for the book?
4. The Nobel Peace Prize was given to the 14th Dalai Lama (religious name: Tenzin Gyatso)
in 1989.
5. Great Expectations is regarded by some critics as Dickens’s most perfectly executed work
of art.
70
1. Marie Tussaud created her first wax figure (of Voltaire) in 1777.
2. Before him lay a splendid garden, full of blossom and scent.
3. I have been misunderstood – no intention to hurt you.
4. Is that big hat made of straw?
5. Many of Van Gogh’s best works were created in 1889, in an asylum.
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XII. гٳå³ï³ë˳ݻóÝ»É µ³é»ñÁ ¨ ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙÝ»ñÁ:
Match the words and their definitions.
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74
A) Sensitive 1) making one feel ashamed
B) Reserved 2) not giving sufficient attention or thought to
C) Shameful avoiding harm or errors
D) Careless 3) hiding one’s emotions and feelings
4) able to understand other people and their feelings
5) paying close attention to something
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A) Calm 1) able to think, understand and learn things quickly
B) Intelligent and well
C) Brave 2) not excited, nervous or troubled
D) Independent 3) willing to do things which are difficult or dangerous
4) free from outside control
5) feeling or showing love
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XIII. гٳå³ï³ë˳ݻóÝ»É Ý³Ë³¹³ëáõÃÛ³Ý »ñÏáõ Ù³ë»ñÁ:
Match the beginning and the end of the sentences.
77
A) Presently the detectives will be 1) which took place in the town central square on
questioning the man Sunday.
B) They will have rebuilt the theatre 2) in connection with last night's robbery.
building 3) by the end of the coming year.
C) Susan dared not utter a word to 4) being well aware that she would lose her job.
defend herself 5) enjoying their holidays in summer.
D) The children will be 6) lecture at 11:30 on Tuesday.
78
A) The church of Hagia Sophia was 1) with all the famous pictures there.
B) When waiting to go on a ride to 2) built in 537 AD by the Emperor Justinian I.
Disneyland you have 3) the Virgin Mary, which are both quite
C) It is definitely worth visiting the spectacular to see.
dome of the church and the 4) as there is a lot to see.
mosaic of 5) to design the tallest tower in the world.
D) Visitors are advised to spend at 6) to stand in a queue for at least 40 minutes.
least 2 hours at the museum
79
A) Shaking his new boss’s hand, 1) how much the wallpapering job would cost.
B) After consulting with five 2) that it goes well with the furniture.
contractors, 3) Fred is having a lunch break.
C) By the time I bought the 4) Tony knew he would like working with him.
wallpaper Frances had found out 5) we need new dining-room furniture as well.
D) When picking out an interesting 6) she decided to do the work herself.
wallpaper pattern, make sure
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A) Leisure time that gives peace to 1) that bring pleasure and peace.
the stressful mind of a person 2) makes an important part of celebrations
B) Many people spent their leisure and entertainment.
time engaged in several activities 3) are an expression of thoughts and emotions
C) There are several countries where through actions.
dancing 4) has become rare in the modern world.
D) Dance is an art form that gives 5) enjoyment to the viewer and the performer.
6) provide entertainment and knowledge at
the same time.
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