CE4102

Petrochemical Processes

Rinaldi M Rachman S.T., M.S.

1
 Class Administration
CLASS HOURS
Today meeting link: https://bit.ly/MsTeamsPetro
[1st week] Monday, 8.00 – 9.40 GMT+7
[Following weeks] Wednesday, 15.00 – 16.40 GMT+7
Join Team of Petro Class: http://bit.ly/JoinPetroTeam

OFFICE HOURS
Online discussion - by appointment

COURSE CONTRACT

Petrochemical Processes 2
 Recommended References
1. U.R. Chaudhury, Fundamentals of Petroleum and
Petrochemicals Engineering, CRC Press.
2. R.A. Meyers, Handbook Of Petrochemicals Production
Processes 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill.
3. S. Matar and L.F. Hatch, Chemistry of Petrochemical
Processes 2nd Ed., Gulf Publishing Company.
4. D. Seddon, Petrochemical Economics - Technology
selection in a carbon constrained world, Imperial College
Press.
5. A. Bahadori, Dictionary of Oil, Gas, and Petrochemical
Processing, CRC Press.

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 Course Objectives
The CE4102 Petrochemical Processes is designed so that the students can:
1. Understand the definition of Petrochemical Processes and do classification of
feedstocks, intermediate product, and final product of petrochemicals.
2. Analyze the reaction pathways involved in the production chain of petrochemical
products.
3. Compare and evaluate the technologies to manufacture petrochemicals.
4. Explain the driver of supply and demand of petrochemical products at global market
5. Design a process simulation in the topic of petrochemical processes.
6. Analyze the environmental impacts caused by petrochemical industry and its
mitigation

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 Course Outline – 1st Half
Week# Topics

1 Introduction to Petrochemicals, Petrochemical Processes, Classification, and Global Trends

2 Olefins Production: Steam Cracking

3 Olefins Production: Steam Cracking (2)

4 Manufacture of Methanol & Methanol-derived Chemicals

5 Manufacture of Ethylene-Derived Chemicals

6 Manufacture of Ethylene-Derived Chemicals (2)

7 Manufacture of Propylene-Derived Chemicals

MIDTERM

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 Course Outline – 2nd Half
Week# Topics

8 Manufacture of Propylene-Derived Chemicals (2)

9 Manufacture of C4-Derived Chemicals

10 Manufacture of Aromatics-Derived Chemicals

11 Petrochemical Processes Simulation (Unisim)

12 Basic of Polymer Science

13 Manufacture of Important Polymers (LDPE, HDPE, PP, PET)

14 Environmental Aspects of Petrochemcial Industry

FINAL EXAM

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 Course Objectives
The CE4102 Petrochemical Processes is designed so that the students can:
1. Understand the definition of Petrochemical Processes and do classification of
feedstocks, intermediate product, and final product of petrochemicals.
2. Analyze the reaction pathways involved in the production chain of petrochemical
products.
3. Compare and evaluate the technologies to manufacture petrochemicals.
4. Explain the driver of supply and demand of petrochemical products at global market
5. Design a process simulation in the topic of petrochemical processes.
6. Analyze the environmental impacts caused by petrochemical industry and its
mitigation

Petrochemical Processes 7
 CE4102
Petrochemical Processes
Lecture 1
INTRODUCTION TO PETROCHEMICAL PROCESSES
Learning Outcomes:
1. Definition of Petrochemicals & Petrochemical Processes
2. Classification of Feedstocks, Building Blocks, Intermediate Chemicals, Final Products
3. Market Driver of Petrochemical Industry

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 What are petrochemicals?
Petrochemicals
i. Chemicals derived from oil and gas
ii. Value-added chemicals made from crude oil or natural gas.
iii. Chemicals derived from petroleum, hydrocarbon liquids, or natural gas.

Petrochemical Processes refers to routes and process topology of manufacturing

petrochemicals. Process topology: Reaction & Reactors, Separation, and Heat Utilization.

“Petrochemical processes is part of the oil and gas value chain”

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 Petrochemicals are all around us

https://www.iea.org/news/petrochemicals-set-to-be-the-
Petrochemical Processes largest-driver-of-world-oil-demand-latest-iea-analysis-finds 10
 Petrochemicals are all around us

Group of Product Areas

Agricultural water management, packaging, automobiles,

Plastics and
telecommunication, health and hygiene, education, transportation,
Polymers
building
Transportation industry, chemical, electrical, electronics, adhesives,
Synthetic rubber
sealants, coatings
Synthetic fiber Textile, transportation, industrial fabrics, geo-textile, non-woven fabrics
Synthetic detergents Heat and hygiene
Drugs, pesticides, explosives, surface coating, dyes, adhesives,
Industrial Chemicals antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, solvents, perfumes, food additives, metal
extraction

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 Oil & Gas Value Chain

Petrochemical Processes Fig: https://stein-analytics.com/img/oil_supply_chain.jpg 12

 Oil & Gas Value Chain

Petrochemical Processes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ozmKhahk8M 13

 Downstream Operations
Relating the Petroleum Products (from Crude Oil & Natural Gas) to Petrochemicals

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 14

 Petrochemicals Hierarchy

FEEDSTOCKS BUILDING BLOCKS INTERMEDIATE FINAL PRODUCTS

Primary &
Secondary The group of 7:
▪ Monomers ▪ Plastics
FEEDSTOCKS: ▪ Ethylene
▪ Oxides ▪ Fibres
▪ Ethane ▪ Propylene
▪ Acids ▪ Solvents
▪ Propane ▪ C4 Olefins
▪ Alcohols ▪ Dyes
▪ Naphtha ▪ BTX
▪ Etc. ▪ Etc.
▪ Gas Oil ▪ Syn Gas
▪ Condensate

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 PONA
▪ PARAFFINS: single bonded hydrocarbon
chains (saturated)

▪ OLEFINS: double bonded hydrocarbon chains

(unsaturated)

▪ NAPTHENIC: cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons

(cycloalkanes)

▪ AROMATICS: contained conjugated planar

ring systems with delocalized pi electron clouds
WHICH one is useful for
instead od discrete alternating single and
PETROCHEMISTRY??
double bonds
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 Petrochemicals Building Blocks

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 Petrochemicals Products Network

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 Global Petrochemicals Profile

Asia dominates both global primary chemical production and naphtha feedstock consumptions. America is the leader in ethane-based petrochemical production.

https://www.iea.org/news/petrochemicals-set-to-be-the-
Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016
largest-driver-of-world-oil-demand-latest-iea-analysis-finds 19
 Petrochemicals in Oil & Gas Demand

Petrochemicals account for 14% of global oil, and 8% of global gas demand.
https://www.iea.org/news/petrochemicals-set-to-be-the- 2
Petrochemical Processes largest-driver-of-world-oil-demand-latest-iea-analysis-finds
 Growth of Petrochemicals

Demand for plastic has grown faster than for any other bulk material, nearly doubling since the millennium

https://www.iea.org/news/petrochemicals-set-to-be-the-
Petrochemical Processes largest-driver-of-world-oil-demand-latest-iea-analysis-finds 21
 World Plastics Production

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 22

 Ethylene Production Worldwide

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 23

 Ethylene Production Worldwide

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 24

 Financial-driven: Value Creation

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 25

 Cost Breakdown

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 26

 Demand & Capacity Development

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 Major Ethylene Producers

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 28

 Competitive Landscape of Ethylene Production

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 Value Chain Coverage

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 30

 Global Long-Term Trend of Petrochemicals

Petrochemical Processes Linde Olefins Academy 2016 31

 Learning Outcomes Check!

Learning Outcomes:
1. Definition of Petrochemicals & Petrochemical Processes
2. Classification of Feedstocks, Building Blocks, Intermediate Chemicals, Final Products
3. Market Driver of Petrochemical Industry

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 The following weeks…

Petrochemical Processes Pertamina 33

 Next Week..

Petrochemical Processes Pertamina 34

Thank You..

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 Petrochemical Industry Structure

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 Chemicals from Ethylene

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 Chemicals from Propylene

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 Chemicals from BTX

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