EVALUACION DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL

Unidad 1: Fase 1 - Contextualización de la Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental

MAIRENA JARAMILLO TRUJILLO

COD: 1081408039

GRUPO: 358032_35

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNAD

INGENIERIA AMBIENTAL

LA PLATA –HUILA

2020
 SUMMARY

SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION—THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT TOOLS

The article deals with the concerns that exist today, which must be improved. These refer to the
construction of green buildings, as practices to minimize harmful effects on the environment,
looking for buildings with designs for recycling and eco-labeling in building materials. construction,
since these have captured the attention in the construction and professional performance in the
world, now it takes this concern to the professionals is the performance of the building becoming
an important problem according to the interests of involved parties, for this reason it is intended
to use methods to evaluate the environmental performance of the building and thus satisfy all
needs of users users, looking for current methods of environmental building evaluation used in
different countries in terms of its characteristics and limitations in the evaluation of the
sustainability of the building.

Due to the concerns of those involved in the performance of buildings they have worked on the
development of systems for environmental performance throughout their lives, developed to
evaluate successfully that refers to the balance of energy, the environment and ecology , taking
into account both the social and the environmental, in order to monitor specific aspects of the
environmental performance of the building, such as air quality and interior comfort.

Since BREEAM is the first method of environmental evaluation of buildings and remains the most
used (Larsson, 1998), the purpose of this system is to establish a list of Environmental Criteria
which verify and evaluate the building's performance. This evaluation can be carried out as soon
as in the initial stages of a project. Obtaining research results for the development of buildings and
changes can be made accordingly to meet criteria in the development of their own environmental
building evaluation methods. They have also developed other evaluation methods around the
world to carry out the evaluation of the environmental building.

The evaluation tools of the environmental building cover the level of construction and based on
some form of life cycle being these of two categories tools of evaluation and qualification:

- Evaluation The tools provide quantitative performance indicators for

design alternatives

- qualification tools determine Performance level of a building in stars.

Most construction evaluation methods have to do with a unique criterion such as energy use,
interior comfort or air quality to indicate the overall performance of a building (Cooper, 1999;
Kohler, 1999). As environmental problems become a more complete urgent evaluation method,
they are necessary to evaluate the building's performance in environmental considerations.
Reflecting The importance of the concept of sustainability in the context of building design and
construction after working on the site. Providing a complete assessment of the environmental
characteristics of a building and achieving higher environmental standards, and improving
environmental awareness of construction practices that are fundamental to the construction
industry to move towards environmental protection and achieve the goal. of sustainability

However, the interaction between the construction of the building and the environment is still
largely unknown since all environmental building evaluation methods have limitations that may
hinder their future usefulness and effectiveness in the context of environmental performance
evaluation of buildings

For this reason it is important to separate the project design and the evaluation of the project
since the design is carried out at an early stage and most of the design results have already been
established and incorporated into the final design and the process of Evaluation is usually carried
out when project design is almost completed (Crawley and Aho, 1999; Soebarto and Williamson,
2001). Therefore, the use of environmental assessment methods as design guidelines may not be
enough. Consequently, for environmental building evaluation methods to be useful as a design
tool, they must be introduced as soon as possible to allow early collaboration between design and
evaluation teams.

In addition to evaluating several issues that include the consumption of resources (such as energy,
land, water and materials), environmental burden, interior Comfort and longevity As financial
aspects in the evaluation framework with the main objective of development an economic return,
it may be be environmentally friendly and environmental issues and financial considerations
should go hand in hand as part of the evaluation framework

It also includes quantitative and qualitative performance data where quantitative criteria include
annual energy use, water consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, among others, while
qualitative criteria include the impact on the ecological value of the site, impact on local wind
patterns, etc. The use of market-based approaches can greatly undermine the importance of
environmental problems within the decision-making process. Accurate environmental assessment
problems imply a more complex and operational framework so that they can be properly
managed.

These processes seek to identify, compare and classify alternatives based on multiple criteria and
multiple objectives. This process frequently occurs without conscious consideration in our daily life
(Nijkamp et al., 1990). Another technique is to focus on energy efficiency to simulate energy and
consumption to estimate the performance of the proposal to build as an aid for decision-making
(Lord, 1994; Pullen, 2000; Soebarto and Williamson, 2001). In addition there are methods focused
and focused on energy efficiency in relation to indoor air quality and user comfort. Being a
sustainable organization in addition to being financially secure, minimize the negative
environmental impacts resulting from its activities and according to the expectations of society.
It is necessary to develop a model that facilitates the multidimensional evaluation of criteria to
help decision making. Considered as a continuous process, which takes place stages of a
development, which must be evaluated and judged. Determining a model with sustainability
index, and can be used not only to compare options for a given problem but also to compare
projects against each other as well as measuring installation performance.

The concept of sustainable development It has become a concern in the protection of the
environment to help ensure long-term ecological, social and economic growth in society applied to
project development in the efficient allocation of resources as in the minimum consumption of
energy, low energy incorporated intensity in building materials, reuse and recycling, and other
mechanisms to achieve effective and efficient short and long term use of natural resources. Since
today the methods are not adequate and do not fully help sustainable development, construction
being one of the largest end users of environmental resources and one of the largest polluters of
natural and artificial environments, thus providing greater responsibility and environmental
construction for future generations. For this reason, development is an important issue in the
decision making of the sustainable project, contributing to the identification of the optimal design
of solutions and operation of facilities.

BIBLIOGRAFIA

Ding, G. (2008). Sustainable construction—The role of environmental assessment tolos. Revista

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