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Home » Interview Questions on Fire Alarm System

Fire & Gas System Interview Questions

Interview
Questions on
Fire Alarm
System
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X X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions IN TER V IEW QU ES TION S
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Read this article on Fire Alarm System


Questions and Answers useful for your
interview preparation to crack the job as
Fire and Gas System Engineer.

Fire Alarm System


Questions and Answers
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Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
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What is a re alarm system?


Per the definition in NFPA 72 :  A system
or portion of a combination system that
consists of components and circuits
arranged to monitor and annunciate the
status of fire alarm or supervisory signal-
initiating devices and to initiate the
appropriate response to those signals

What are the  Basic Components


of a Fire Alarm System ?
Control Panel
Communications
Initiating Devices
Notification Appliances

What is Fire Control Panel ?


A component of the fire alarm system
that receives signals from initiating
devices and processes these signals to
determine the fire alarm output
functions.
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What
X are the Communications X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions typesIN TERavailable
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in Fire Alarm
IN TER V IEW QU ES TION S
System ? article on Gas detection System Questions
Read this
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Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement. DACS – Digital Alarm
Tem… Communications Systems
POTS – (Plain Old Telephone System)
Loop Start with line seizure from the
point of demarcation prior to
sending it.
Cable Company Service – assuming
you have no  CODEC, Voice
Compression or back up power
issues.
One Way/Two Way Radio – Mesh
Radio and GSM
IP Communicators with UL listings
Sole Path Communicators with UL
Listings

What are Initiating Devices in


Fire System ?
A system component that originates
transmission of a change-of-state
condition. Examples are Smoke Detector,
Heat Detector etc.

What are the Types of Sprinkler


Systems ?
Sys e s ?
Wet Pipe:

Since water is always present in the pipes


supplying the sprinkler heads, these
typesWe'll
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react
X upon the operation of a sprinkler X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions head in a fire scenario.
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Are you a Industrial Instrumentation Engineer ? Theseandare theuseful
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for your systems to
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and are used in buildings where there is
Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement.
Tem… no risk of freezing. Wet systems are
required for multi-storey or high-rise
buildings and for life safety systems.

Dry pipe:

The pipes are filled with air under


pressure at all times and the water is
held back by the control valve outside of
the protected area. Should a sprinkler
head open in a fire scenario, the drop in
air pressure opens the valve and water
flows into the pipe work and onto the
fire. Dry pipe systems are used where
wet or alternate systems cannot be used.

Alternate: Alternate systems have the


pipes full of water for the summer
period, then subsequently drained down
and filled with air for the winter. This is
typically for buildings that are not
heated, e.g. underground car parks.

What are Noti cation Appliances


in Fire System ?
A fire alarm system component such as a
bell, horn, speaker, light, or text display
that provides audible, tactile, or visible
outputs, or any combination thereof.
Example are Horn/Strobe, Speaker, Bell
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What
X are the di erent types of X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions re alarms?
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Read this article on Gas detection System Questions
Are you a Industrial Instrumentation Engineer ? Thereand
are two major
Answers useful fortypes of firepreparation
your interview alarms: to
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Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement.
ionization fire alarms and photoelectric
Tem… fire alarms. Ionization fire alarms detect
flaming, fast moving fires – curtain fires,
trash can fires, etc.

Photoelectric fire alarms are best for


smoky, smoldering fires, such as
electrical fires that start out behind walls.

There are also dual sensor fire alarms


which, naturally, combine both types into
one. To maximize your fire protection,
you should install both types (or a
combination of the two) to make sure
you are completely covered.

What is the di erence between


conventional and addressable
re alarms?
Conventional fire alarms are ideal for
small buildings such as homes, individual
offices, or retail shops. Conventional fire
alarms go off when they detect smoke in
their immediate vicinity and are perfect
for evacuating people from a small
space.

Addressable fire alarms are more


useful for large buildings or building
complexes.

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The
X biggest difference between X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions addressable and conventional fire alarm
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System Questions
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an anunciator panel that shows you (or,
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement. more importantly, the fire department)
Tem…
exactly which devices are going off so
you can get the proper resources to
them as quickly as possible.

What is the di erence between a


real and false alarm?
None. All alarms are real and are caused
by a break in the electrical current
passing through the alarm system.
Alarms can be sounded by someone
activating a pull station, by something as
simple as toast burning near a smoke
detector, or by an actual fire.

If an alarm sounds, something caused it.


It might not be a fire, but don’t bet your
life on it. All alarms should be treated as
though they were caused by fire until it
can be determined otherwise by a
competent authority, such as the
responding Fire Department.

Over the years we have developed a


dangerous complacency in response to
fire alarms due to the overuse of the
term “false alarm” to characterize an
alarm not caused by actual fire.

What is re alarm?
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AX fire alarm system is number of devices X


Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions working together to detect and warn
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System Questions
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appliances when smoke, fire, carbon
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement. monoxide or other emergencies are
Tem…
present.

These alarms may be activated


automatically from smoke detectors, and
heat detectors or may also be activated
via manual fire alarm activation devices
such as manual call points or pull
stations.

What should you do if I hear a


re alarm?
Evacuate your building immediately and
go to the area your supervisor has
designated as a meeting point. For safety
reasons, you should evacuate if you hear
any alarm, even if it is not in your zone.

Why do we need NFPA 72


compliance?
NFPA 72 is a prescriptive standard that
applies to Fire Alarm Systems. While the
NFPA 72 standard makes no mention of
gas detection, many clients are applying
NFPA 72 t d d d i t t
NFPA 72 standards and requirements to
both fire and gas detection systems.

There are several advantages to NFPA 72


certi ed systems that include:

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X into a single safety system X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions Ensures that local “authorities having
IN TER V IEW QU ES TION S
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on Gas marshals
detection or fire
System Questions
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authorities have assurance that the
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement. system complies with the applicable
Tem…
codes and standards
Allows the end-user to lower their
insurance costs because they are
using a certified system
A NFPA 72 certified solution ensures
that you are complying with the best
practices in the industry as drafted
by the NFPA

When should we use a PLC vs. a


Controller-based solution for
F&G ?
The choice between a PLC and
Controller-based system is primarily
driven by the size of the application.

PLCs are best suited for medium to large


size gas detection systems (25+ points of
gas detection). For very large systems,
PLCs have the advantage of scaling fairly
inexpensively to accommodate large
point counts. PLCs offer the added
benefit of extensive connectivity options
for communicating with other DCS or
for communicating with other DCS or
ESD systems.

Controller-based gas detection lends


itself to small to medium sized systems
very effectively. A controller-based gas
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implement,
X and does not require X
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Questions software programming
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tools. The
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solution makes it inherently simple to
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
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Tem…

What is the di erence between


fail-safe operation and the
supervision requirements of the
re codes and NFPA 72?
The underlying principle of fail-safe
design assumes that a process or item of
equipment can be designed to take the
process to a safe status on equipment
failure or power interruption.

This approach requires that the switch to


“safe state” be possible without power
and that the “normal operating state” of
the equipment utilize energized control
circuits.

Almost all detection, extinguishing and


notification circuits of a Fire Alarm
system are not normally energized and
are not “fail-safe”.

In order to be sure these fire circuits are


intact and ready for use when needed
th i it “ i d”
these circuits are “supervised”.
Supervision is normally done using a
small current or voltage passed through
a field circuit device called an “end of line
device”. This small current or voltage is
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continuously
X monitored to verify that the X
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isTER
intact and ready for operation.
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Tem… equipment in the event of a hazardous
condition and these systems require
power be available to do so. This is the
primary arguments behind the NFPA 72
requirements associated with backup
power systems and batteries.

Should we take addressable re


alarm communications in to
process areas?
Addressable fire alarm communication
devices can be used in process areas
when the operating specifications of the
devices are compatible with the electrical
and environmental conditions found in
these process areas.

Most commercial addressable fire alarm


equipment are normally rated for
operation in general purpose
environments with ambient
temperatures between 0 and 50°C. Most
process area environments have
operating temperature ranges outside
the 0-50°C range. Many process area
environments require devices suitable
for Division 1 or Division 2 areas.

When using commercial addressable fire


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recommend
X that the addressable X
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only in
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on Gas detection such as
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Tem…

If devices to be connected to the


addressable fire alarm system are to be
located outside these environmentally
controlled areas, we recommend the use
of an addressable to conventional circuit
converter to be installed inside the
environmentally controlled area with a
conventional circuit interface to the
process area located device.

What is a ‘ re triangle’?
A fire triangle represents the three
elements, which causes a fire in a
combustible mixture. The three elements
are fuel, air and ignition.

What is importance or a ‘hood’


on a gas turbine?
During a gas turbine normal running
condition, a hood provides:

 a.prevention of turbine high dB noise to


outside areas
  b.keeps the gas turbine clean from
external dust

 c.provides a draft for the gas leak to the


exhaust
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During
X a gas turbine shutdown condition X
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Tem…
 b.During a fire shutdown it facilitates to
put out the fire by confining the fire
extinguishers on the gas turbine.

Why do we use ‘Halon’ as a re


extinguisher in a gas turbine
hood?
Halon is stored in liquid form in a
cylinder. When it is released in a hood
during the occurrence of the fire, it
discharges the halon in gas from. Halon
does not act or react on electrical
components.

What is the expansion from of


B.C.F?
The expansion form of B.F.C is Bromo
chloro floride.

In a Ruston gas turbine, why are


there two Halon cylinders in
each bank? How do they
function?
The first bottle is the ‘first shot’ and the
second bottle is ‘Extended shot’.

The first bottle discharges the Galon into


the hood through a 1’’ pipe in
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extended
X bottle discharges the Halon X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions through a ¼’’ pipe for another ½’’hour
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How many UV detectors are
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…

Tem… installed in Solar, Ruston TB-


5000 and Ruston TA-1750 gas
turbine hoods?
Solar gas turbine hood: 4 UV detectors

Ruston TA-1750 hood: 4 UV detectors

Ruston TB 5000 hood: 12UV detectors

What is voting Logic of UV


detectors in Soar and Ruston gas
turbines?
There are two voting logics, they are: 1
out of 4 UV s and 2 out of 4 UV s

What happens when UV


detectors detect a re?
1out of 4 UV s: creates annunciation,
audible alarm on the control panel and
siren in the field (refer to the station
drawings for the exact function and
operations).

2 out of 4 UV s: creates annunciation,


audible alarm on the control panel, a
siren in the field, shutdown of the
turbine and release of the fire
extinguisher (refer to the station
drawings for the exact function and
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How
X much is the time delay X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
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detector
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Gas detection with an
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Tem…
Generally it is set for 4 secs. The UV
detectors initiates a fire alarm only when
the UV is detecting the fire continuously
for 4 secs (refer to the station drawings
for the exact settings parameters).

What are the Halon manual


release facilities  available on a
Solar gas turbine?
Auto Halon cylinder can be discharged
manually from the fire & gas control
panel in the control room. On initiating
the manual release:

a.The unit shuts down.

b.The auto Helon cylinder gets


discharged in the hood.

c.Auto halon discharge confirmation and


the auto Halon cylinder pressure low
alarm appears on the control panel.

d.Audible alarm in the control room and


siren in the field occurs.
Manual Halon cylinder can discharged
manually from the field through a pall
string. On initiating the manual release:

a.The unit shutsdown.


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b.The
X manual Halon cylinder gets X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions discharged in the hood.
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Tem… low alarm appears on the control panel.

d.Audible alarm in the control room and


siren in the field occurs.

Why are there ‘heat switches’ in


side the hood, when there are
UV detectors?
Heat switches are a mechanical type and
they are considered to be a positive type
of fire detection system.

The heat switch settings are much higher


than the hood temperature.

What maybe the reasons if a unit


shutdown on false heat detected
alarm?
The reason could be:

  a.Hood ventilation fan has failed or


stopped.

 b.Major hot gas leak inside the hood.

What happens when a heat


What happens when a heat
switch actuates?
On detection of heat, the heat switch
initiates the following.

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Annunciation,
X audible alarm on the X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
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panel, a siren in the field, shut
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of this
thearticle
turbine
on Gasand release
detection of fire
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extinguisher (refer to the station
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement. drawings for the exact settings
Tem…
parameters).

Explain the operating principle


of a gas monitor?
Gas monitor measures the imbalance in
the current loop caused by its active and
in-active filaments in the presence of a
combustible gas.

Explain the calibration


procedure of a gas monitor
system.
1. Gas sensor loop current or voltage at
the sensor head is set as per the
manufacturer’s recommended value.
2. Gas monitor zero is adjusted to the
instrument air.
3. A test gas with a known quantity of
combustion gas (Generally methane
2% by volume) is fed to the sensor
and the span is adjusted to read 40%
on the monitor scale (refer to the
station drawings for the exact
settings parameters).
4. The calibration procedure is
repeated until the zero and span
reads correctly.

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What
X are the alarm and shut X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions downINsetting on a gas monitor?
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and Answers gas
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is set at 20%rising and the shut down is
Tem… set at 60%rising (refer to the station
drawing for the exact settings
parameters)

What has to be done prior to


entering a gas turbine hood?
Prior to entering a gas turbine, turn on
the ‘ventilation defeat switch’.

What is a ventilation defeat


switch?
On activating, the ventilation defeat
switch inhibits the release of Halon in the
auto mode and also the unit shutdown
on ‘ventilation failure’.

How much is the delay between


re detection and Halon release?
Why is the time delay required?
A time delay of 15 secs. Is set between
the detection of fire and the initiation of
Halon release.

This is to achieve effective fire


This is to achieve effective fire
extinguishing by allowing the hood fan to
run-down to zero speed and the bleed
valves to release the compressed air.

What does a hood ventilation


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And
X why? X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions
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On detection of fire, the fire system
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and Answers usefulfan shutdown.
for your This is to
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to minimize the presence of air the hood
Tem… for releasing the extinguisher.

What is hydrostatic testing on a


re extinguisher?
The dry chemical contents inside your
fire extinguisher are kept under pressure
over long periods of time, which can
eventually cause damage to the
extinguisher shell.

To ensure the shell, hose, and nozzle


have no defects, whether due to metal
fatigue or other causes, the extinguisher
shells are emptied, filled with colored
water, and brought up to a specified
pressure over a short period of time
(typically 30 seconds).

The shell must be able to hold that


pressure for one minute (or the time
specified by manufacturer’s maintenance
procedures) while the cylinder is
inspected for signs of stress, leaks,
bulging, and other indications of metal
f ti H ti i h
fatigue. Hoses on some extinguishers
must also be hydro-statically tested.

How do re sprinkler systems


work?
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Most
X conventional sprinkler heads use a X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions small, IN
liquid-filled bulb that acts as a plug
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Read this water
article onfrom escaping
Gas detection out of
System Questions
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the sprinkler.Extreme heat causes this
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
Interview Questions on Temperature Measurement. liquid to expand, eventually causing the
Tem…
bulb to burst and release the water
behind it.

The liquid inside the bulbs comes in a


variety of colors, and each color
represents the temperature required to
activate the sprinkler.

How does re suppression work?


In order to burn, fire requires a chemical
reaction involving heat, oxygen, and fuel.
Fire suppression work by disrupting
either the chemical reaction or one of the
elements involved in the fire.

Numerous different fire suppression


systems exist, each of which attacks a fire
from a different angle and each of which
has advantages and disadvantages in
different environments.

What is a clean agent?


Clean agents extinguish fires using an
electrically non-conductive gas. This
y g
makes them uniquely suited to
protecting sensitive electronic equipment
and other high-value assets present in
your building.

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Clean
X agent fire suppression systems are X
Temperature Measurement Interview Interview Questions on Gas detection System
Questions ideal IN
for extinguishing fires in small
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Read as cabinets
this article or the
on Gas detection inside of
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equipment as well as for large-scale
crack the job as Fire and Gas System Enginee…
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Tem…
facilities or data centers.

Clean agents do not leave behind a


residue, eliminating the need for time
consuming clean up.

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