CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 HISTORY OF LOCKS (SMART ELECTRO GLAS)

From the dawn of modern civilization, our ancestors developed a need to keep
their belongings safe with themselves by using mechanical devices known as locks.
Initially, those locks were only simple knots made from rope or other materials (they
were used only to detect if someone tried to open them), but as the time went on and
new technologies were developed, true locks made from wood and metal started being
used across the world. Nowadays, there are several types of locks being used such as
Magnetic Locks, Electric Door Strikes, Electric Bolt Locks, Electronic Keypad Locks,
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Locks, Bluetooth Electronic Locks, and
Biometric Equipment Locks. In this project we are going to design a Smart Electro
Glas which uses electromagnetic lock concept. Glas is an Irish word which is known
as lock in English. This lock is going to work with a running app and it will be booked
by a booking website to operate the lock.

1
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In this case Nilai Polytechnic is facing a lot of problems with classrooms and
hall locks. The main problem is lost of keys for a particular classroom or hall.
Because of this students and lectures are wasting their time in order to find the keys
back. Moreover, polytechnics are wasting money fixing the classroom’s doors because
there is no spare keys to open it back. Even more, we don’t know who is handling the
keys and who lost it because there is no proper system to trace the person who used
the keys. Therefore, broken keys are also one the factor that cause problem such as
classes being delayed to the lectures and students. To overcome these problems, we
are creating Smart Electro Glas which is keyless and will be really helpful.

Figure 1.1: Broken Keys

2
1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE

i. Design the smart electro glas

ii. Coding the fingerprint and connecting the circuit of smart electro glas
iii. Coding the LCD and creating Blynk cloud memory page
iv. Programme the wi-fi module to connect with cloud memory in Blynk app.
v. Create a running app using an app inventor.

1.4 RESEARCH SCOPE

i. Connecting the circuit with Arduino and coding the fingerprint using Sketch
Arduino IDE
ii. Coding the LCD using Sketch Arduino IDE and creating Blynk cloud memory
page using Blynk application.
iii. Using Sketch Arduino IDE to code NODEMCU (ESP8266) to connect
application and cloud memory.
iv. MIT AI2 app inventor will be used to create the running app.

3
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of
current knowledge and methodological approaches to a particular topic. Literature
review usually precedes a research proposal and result sections. Its ultimate goal is to
bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic and forms the basis for
another goal, such as future research that may be needed in the area. The report that
we wanted to produce needed a few factor that should be taken under consideration
until the project is implemented. To get a quality project result, we need to study
about the type of material, design, components that we used, framework installation,
installation method and maintenance, level of product safety, structural strength,
project size and so on to consider the result that we get. All this will avoid problems
during the completion or even when presenting the project. Hence, systematic and
detailed planning must be arranged to produce a complete and perfect project.

4
2.2 APPLICATION CREATING

2.2.1 TYPES OF APPLICATION CREATING INVENTOR

1) Sketchware

Sketchware is an app that used by Android App development platform on

Android smartphone. Shared project will be great at 1st screen of Sketchware app. If
we didn’t have any programming background, sketchware app is a perfect app to
create app. Examples will help to get know how things work. It has also has Layouts
and Widgets in the view editor. It has also has Logic Editor, Blacks, Editing events
and more.

Figure 2.1: Sketchware

5
2) Blynk

Blynk is a new platform that allows you to quickly build interfaces for
controlling and monitoring your hardware projects from your iOS and Android device.
After downloading the Blynk app, you can create a project dashboard and arrange
buttons, sliders, graphs, and other widgets onto the screen. Blynk was designed for the
Internet of Things. It can control hardware remotely, it can display sensor data, it can
store data, visualize it and do many other cool things.

There are three major components in the platform:

a) Blynk App - allows to you create amazing interfaces for your projects using
various widgets we provide.
b) Blynk Server - responsible for all the communications between the smartphone
and hardware. You can use our Blynk Cloud or run your private Blynk server
locally. It is open-source, could easily handle thousands of devices and can
even be launched on a Raspberry Pi.
c) Blynk Libraries - for all the popular hardware platforms - enable
communication with the server and process all the incoming and outcoming
commands

Figure 2.2: Blynk

6
3) Appy Pie

Appy Pie is a mobile app creator released for Android, iOS, Fire OS, Windows
Phone, and BlackBerry platforms that allows its users to create and monetize different
types of mobile apps. It also features its own marketplace to show off apps created
through it. Appy Pie is a program that allows people to create and monetize apps.
According to its creators, the Game Builder platform was designed to be easily
accessible to people without experience. It is available on iOS, Android, Windows
Phone, and Fire OS platforms.
In May, the app maker launched a reseller program for Appy Pie that allows
people to build white-label apps. The app was later given support for more kinds of
applications, including image sharing, event platform, and social networking. In
February 2017, Appy Pie added augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality features.
These features include image recognition and tracking as well as a panoramic and 360
video viewer. This feature has been used for various functions, such as nutritional
information for restaurants, Bible passages at churches, and house previews by
realtors. In July 2017, Appy Pie added “App Sheets,” a feature which allows users to
“link all of their Google Spreadsheets and Forms into an app to modify in real-time.”
In August 2017, Appy Pie launched Room Reservation, Real Estate, and Custom
Events features as part of the platform. In August 2018, the Appy Pie Website Builder
was announced, which allows users to create websites through it. In June 2019, a
chatbot builder was added as a function to Appy Pie.

7
 Figure 2.3: Appy Pie

4) AppSheet

AppSheet provides a no-code application development platform that allows

users to create mobile, tablet, and web applications using data sources like Google
Drive, DropBox, Office 365, and other cloud-based spreadsheet and database
platforms. The platform can be utilized for a broad set of business use cases including
project management, customer relationship management, field inspections, and
personalized reporting. The AppSheet platform allows users to create mobile apps
from cloud-based spreadsheets and databases.
Apps can also be created directly as an add-on from spreadsheet platforms like
Google Sheets. The platform is available from both a self-service model and a
corporate licensing model for larger organizations with more governance, data
analytics, and performance options. Compared to low-code development platforms
which allow developers to develop with faster iteration cycles, AppSheet is a no-code
platform which allows business users familiar with basic spreadsheet and database
operations to build apps.

AppSheet compatible data sources include:

 Google Sheets
 Google Forms
 Microsoft Excel on Office 365
 Microsoft Excel on Dropbox
 Microsoft Excel on Box (company)
 Smartsheet
 Salesforce
 Microsoft SQL Server
 MySQL
 PostgreSQL
 Amazon DynamoDB

8
 AppSheet apps capture data in the form of images, signatures, geolocation,
barcodes, and NFC. Data is automatically synced to the cloud-based, or users can opt
to manually sync the data at any time. Common uses for data capture include field or
equipment inspections, safety inspections, reporting, and inventory management.
Synced, shared data allows users to collaborate across mobile or desktop devices.
Workflow rules can also be used to trigger notifications or work-based assignments
where appropriate. Offline access is also possible as data storage is localized to the
device and synced upon internet connectivity returns. AppSheet data can be displayed
in graphical and interactive formats. Common data views include tables, forms, maps,
charts, calendars, and dashboards. Each app can hold multiple views consisting of data
from various sources.

Figure 2.4: AppSheet

9
5) Yapp

Yapp is a self-service online platform that allows users to create mobile event
applications with no coding knowledge. It is a do-it-yourself platform that allows you
to easily create, edit, and instantly publish mobile apps that are compatible with both
iOS and Android Devices. Yapp is a container app, which means that you do not have
to wait for approval from the app store, it can go live and be made available straight
away.
The app is priced competitively, which will appeal to any event with a limited
budget or cost-saving approach. It is particularly suitable for association events, sales
meetings, conferences, and employee training. Yapp is designed with non-technical
users in mind. It offers mobile app creation without going through the pain, time, and
cost of having to build a branded app from scratch. The price point is attractive
enough to allow event planners who have never used an event app before to create and
test it out.

Figure 2.5: Yapp

10
6) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

MIT App Inventor is an intuitive, visual programming environment that allows

everyone to build fully functional apps for smartphones and tablets. Those new to
MIT App Inventor can have a simple first app up and running in less than 30 minutes.
And what's more, our blocks-based tool facilitates the creation of complex, high-
impact apps in significantly less time than traditional programming environments. The
MIT App Inventor project seeks to democratize software development from
technology consumption to technology creation App Inventor for Android is an open
source web application originally provided by Google, and now maintained by the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
It uses a graphical interface, very similar to Scratch and the StarLogo TNG
user interface, which allows users to drag and drop visual objects to create an
application that can run on Android devices. In creating App Inventor, Google drew
upon significant prior research in educational computing, as well as work done within
Google on online development environments. There is also a Project's Dashboard with
cards containing each app details. On the creator area, there are two pages: Designer
and Blocks. On the Designer there is a top panel with dropdowns and three main
sections: Components, Mock and Properties. On the Components section there is a list
of all available components to drop on phone's Mock to design the app, and later on
Properties section is used to change visual properties of those components. On the
Blocks page there is a Blockly panel which is used to join blocks to code the app.

Figure 2.6: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

11
7) Kodular App

Kodular is a website/tool that allows users without too much technical

knowledge to start developing applications for smartphones and tablets. In that sense,
we know about WordPress, a website that allowed, in a very simple way and without
requiring programming knowledge, create web pages. Something similar but with
applications for the Android operating system looks for Kodular, whose creators
already have experience because it is an evolution of Makeroid.
Kodular Creator (formerly known as Makeroid) is the main web app and the
core of all services. It is built primarily for newcomers to computer programming to
create software applications for the Android operating system (OS). It has an user
graphical interface, similar to Scratch, MIT App Inventor, and its distributions. Only
by dragging and dropping a few components, and joining some blocks as in Scratch
the app is made. It runs on Google App Engine, using several Google Cloud services.

Figure 2.7: Kodular App

12
2.3 COMPARISON OF BEST APP CREATORS

Table 2.1: The Comparison of Applications

PARTICULAR SKETCHWAR BLYNK MIT AI2 KODULAR
S E

COST FREE FREE FREE FREE

WIFI NOT NEEDED NEEDED NEEDED NEEED

CODING TYPE BASIC HARDWARE BLOCKS BLOCKS

WIDGETS & WIDGETS
SIZE 44 MB 27 MB 15 MB 24 MB
ACCESSISBILI EASY EASY EASY EASY
TY

2.4 SUMMARY

Initially we started with kodular but we couldn’t continue because of the recent
updated version is not familiar with some devices. Finally for” application we decided
to use MIT AI2 Companion because this app creator is smaller in size, easy to access,
free of charge, where it needs wifi and it has block type coding which is easy to
programme. As we noted the MIT AI2 has many features such as layouts and widgets
in the view editor. It has blocks editing events and it has also has QR Code to
companion for testing.

13
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Methodology can be ‘analysis of the principles of methods, rules, and

postulates employed by a discipline’, the systematic study of methods that are, can be,
or have been applied within a discipline’ or a particular procedure or set of
procedures’.
This research study was conducted based on the methodology. This
methodology plays an important role in implementing this research study accordingly.
Methodology includes a philosophically coherent collection of theories, concepts or
ideas as they relate to a particular discipline or field of inquiry. Methodology refers to
more than a simple set of methods; rather it refers to the rationale and philosophical
assumptions that underline a particular study relative to the scientific method. This is
why scholarly literature often includes a section on the methodology of the
researchers.
Besides, every steps of project is important process to complete the project.
Each step must be followed properly and must be done carefully because of the small
error it will affect your project probably could not been operate. Before the project
finish, various processes needed to be done according to proper procedures to ensure
that projects do not have any problems.

3.2 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION FLOW CHART

The flow chart is about the group progress along the project work equal done
by each team members. Each time when there was discussion or a meeting with the
advisor the tentative of the flow will be recorded down on journal book for further
references on the progress.

14
3.2.1 FLOW CHART OF PROJECT 1

Start

Define the problem

Determine problem statement, scope, and

objectives NO

Approval by
supervisor

Literature review

Methodology

Design

Modify

Analysis design

Submission the proposal

End of project 1

15
 Flow Chart 3.1: Flow chart Project 1

3.2.2 FLOW CHART OF PROJECT 2

MCU Node

16
 Presentation and report

End of chapter 2

Flow Chart 3.2: Flow chart Project 2

17
3.3 GANTT CHART PROJECT 1

Table 3.1: Gantt Chart for Project 1

W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
W7
W8
W9
W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
W15
W16
STATUS
WEEKS/
PROJECT
ACTIVITY

DISCUSSION P
WITH
SUBJECT I
SUPERVISOR
DISCUSSION P
WITH
PROJECT I
SUPERVISOR
PROPOSAL P
SELECTION
I

PROPOSAL P
PREPARATIO
N I

CHAPTER 1: P
INTRODUCTIO
N I
CHAPTER 2: P
LITERATURE
REVIEW I
CHAPTER 3: P
METHODOLO
GY I
PRESENTATIO P
N
PREPARATIO I
N

PRESANTATIO P
N
FINAL I
PROJECT 1

18
 Planning Implementation
3.4 GANTT CHART PROJECT 2

Table 3.2: Gantt Chart for Project 2

W1
W2
W3
W4
W5
W6
W7
W8
W9
W10
W11
W12
W13
STATUS
WEEKS/
PROJECT
ACTIVITY

Discussion with P
project supervisor
I
Open a P
companion
platform I

Design the app P

screen
I

Block P
Programming
I

Run and Testing P

Application
I
Modification of P
Application
I
Analysis Project P

I
Report P
Preparation
I
Submission Final P
Project and
Presentation I
Report

Planning Implementation

19
3.5 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

3.5.1 FIRST DESIGN

Figure 3.1: Placement of Fingerprint Scanner

20
 Figure 3.2: Placement of Electromagnetic Lock
3.5.2 SECOND DESIGN OF SMART ELECTRO GLAS

Figure 3.3: Placement of Fingerprint Scanner

21
 Figure 3.4: Placement of Electromagnetic Lock
3.5.3 SECOND DRAWING DESIGN OF SMART ELECTRO GLAS

Figure 3.5: Placement of Fingerprint Scanner

Figure 3.6: Placement of Electromagnetic Lock

22
3.5.4 PROTOTYPE DESIGN OF SMART ELECTRO GLAS

Figure 3.7: Prototype Design

Figure 3.8: Prototype Design

23
3.6 PROCESS OF CREATING APP IN MIT

3.6.1 APP PAGE DESIGNING

a) First Step
Sign up to MIT, click create app, then a new designer panel will appear with a
new screen.

Figure 3.9: New screen with main sections

b) Second Step
There are four main sections: User interface, Viewer, Components and
Properties. Drag needed components such as button, date picker, image, label,
list view, text box and time picker from the user interface options to the
viewer. Arrange the components in the components section with a flow to
make the properties editing process easier.

24
 Figure 3.10: User interface panel

c) Third Step
Start editing the properties of the components in the properties panel. Add title
as Smart Glas (change font colour), add background picture, user id label, and
buttons for class selection (BKT 7 and BKT 8).

Figure 3.11: Properties panel

25
3.6.2 PROCESS OF BLOCK PROGRAMMING

1) Explanation on how basic blocks works

 Event Handlers
App Inventor programs describe how the phone should respond to
certain events: a button has been pressed, the phone is being shaked, the user is
dragging her finger over a canvas. This is specified by event handler blocks,
which used the word when. As an example when Button1.Click and when
AccelerometerSensor1.Shaking in HelloPurr. Most event handlers are green in
color and are stored at the top part of each drawer. Here are some examples of
event handlers. When an event occurs on a phone, the corresponding event
handler is said to fire, which means it is executed.

Figure 3.12: Example of event handlers

26
 Commands and Expressions
When an event handler fires, it executes a sequence of commands in
its body. A command is a block that specifies an action to be performed on the
phone (e.g., playing sounds). Most command blocks are purple or blue in
color. Here are some sample commands, some of which you may recognize
from building HelloPurr:

Figure 3.13: Example of commands and expressions

Some commands require one or more input values (also known as

parameters or arguments) to completely specify their action. For example, call
Sound1. Vibrate needs to know the number of milliseconds to vibrate, set
Label1. Background color needs to know the new background color of the
label, and set Label1.text needs to know the new text string for the label. The
need for input values is shown by sockets on the right edge of the command.
These sockets can be filled with expressions which are blocks that denote a
value. Expression blocks have leftward-pointing plugs that transmit the value
to the socket. Larger expressions can be built out of simpler ones by horizontal
composition. As an example all of the following expressions denote the
number 500.

27
 Figure 3.14: Example of expressions denote

 Control Flow
When an event handler fires, you can imagine that it creates a karaoke-
like control dot that flows through the command stack in its body. The control
dot moves from the top of the stack to the bottom, and when it reaches a
command, that command is executed, the action of that command is
performed. Thinking about control "flowing" through a program will help us
understand its behavior. The order of the commands, or the control flow is
important when you make an app. You need to make sure which action should
come first.

Figure 3.15: Example of control flow

28
 Arranging Components on the screen

App components are organized vertically by default. For example, user

creates buttons which change the line size or wipe the screen. To organize
button wipe, button small, and button big nicely, drag a horizontal
arrangement Component from the screen arrangement section of the palette.
Now drag the three buttons into the horizontal arrangement in the desired
order. Vertical arrangement and table arrangement components can also be
used to control positioning. Also, keep in mind that the way the components
appear in the viewer is only an approximation of how the components will
look on the phone.

 Manipulating Component State

Every component is characterized by various properties. The current

values of these properties describe the state of the component. You can specify
the initial state of a component in the properties pane of the designer window.
MIT programs can get and set most component properties via blocks. As an
example, here are blocks for manipulating the state of Label1.

Figure 3.16: Getter Blocks

29
 Figure 3.17: Setter blocks

Getter blocks are expressions that 'get' or contain the current value of
the property. Setter blocks are commands that change the value associated with
the property. Some label properties cannot be manipulated by blocks. As an
example of manipulating label properties, open the labelsize program, which
has 4 event handlers. If the TallerButton.Click handler changed as follows:

Figure 3.18: Example of 4 event handlers

30
  Modifications

Figure 3.19: Modification 1

Figure 3.20: Modification 2

Figure 3.21:
Modification 3

31
 Other Button Events

Other button events are when LongClick, when GotFocus, and when

Lost Focus. Experiment with these by creating the following handlers:

Figure 3.22: Example of other

Many components 'get focus' when touched, and 'lose focus' when the
touch is removed. However, Buttons are special because touching them fires
the Click event. However, they can get/lose focus through the G1 track ball or
IDEOS navigator.

 Renaming Components

Programs can be easier to read if you change the default name of

components. For an example NarrowerButton is more meaningful
than Button2. In the Components pane of the Designer window, use
the Rename button to rename Label1 to "MyLabel". Sometimes it is useful to
have text strings with multiple lines. In a string, the notation "\n" stands for the
newline character. For example, the text string "one\two\three" has three lines.

32
 Commenting

An important part of becoming a good programmer is providing good

documentation of your code. This includes incorporating comments right in
your code that explains various elements and aspects of your code. In the App
Inventor Blocks Editor, we can add a comment to any block of code by right-
clicking on the block.

Figure 3.23: Example of commenting

2) Process of compiling the blocks

Figure 3.24: First part of compiling

33
Figure 3.25: Second part of compiling

Figure 3.26: Final part after compiling

34
 CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND ANALYSIS

4.1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter there is a need to fabricate this project with certain specification
constrain. This project is made to be user friendly and user’s convenient. There are
many things to be discussed, which is the cost of the project durability of the project
that have been made and also regarding the smart electro glas. Analysis have been
made must follow the objective and achieve the goal. If there is a problem is this
project, we will solve during the making process.

4.2 ANALYSIS BASED ON PROJECT

To ensure the process of design works with flow. Basic ideas are very
important to create product with quality, which fulfilled the needs and marketing
needs. Initial design is very important. With the designs we can produce new ideas. It
also helps us to create a good product, with many suggestions and ideas that came up
with to create the project. Many suggestions were given while brainstorming to create
the smart electro glas to be a perfect project and to produce a good quality. Many
suggestions were given while brainstorming to create the smart electro glas to be a
perfect project and to produce a good quality.

35
4.3 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Everybody must know and observe general safety precautions. Those

who perform particular operations must know and observe the safety precautions for
those operations at that time. Those who don’t understand safety precautions, and
those who ignore them, are equally at risk of injury that may end in disablement or
death. Along this project, my friends and I have followed some of the safety
precautions that we have to make sure while undergoing the process of making the
smart electro glas.

Figure 4.1: Example of safety precautions symbol

The first safety precaution that we took was, we were aware of injuries. We
only used perfect quality tools that can help for our project to maintain its quality and
our safety. Because damaged tools can slip or break at unexpected time. This can
result in cuts, abrasions or contusions. So in order to avoid that we used the tools that
are well maintained and in a good condition.

36
 Figure 4.2: Example of tools that we used

Other than that, we also focused on our outfit while doing the project because
outfits also plays a good role in order to keep ourselves safe. So, whenever we
undergo with the project we make sure that we are wearing the proper outfit that is
proper to do workshop works. The examples of safety wears are apron, gloves, safety
glasses, safety boots and workshop attire.

Figure 4.3:

37
 Figure 4.4: Example of safety symbol at workshop

Furthermore, we also handle some of the electrical and electronic appliances

such as power supply, hand driller and many more. So we also make sure that this
things does not affect us while we doing work. So we will always make sure that there
is no current supply through the appliance before we used it. Moreover, for the test
run of the project also we will always make sure that the power supply is off or not for
the safety purpose.

Figure 4.5: Example of electrical safety symbol

38
4.4 GREEN TECHNOLOGY ON FINGERPRINT SCANNER

Seems like whatever direction you turn these days, everyone is trying to push
society to adopt habits that are friendlier to the environment.  Whether it’s dropping
plastic or paper grocery bags in favour of reusable bags, switching from incandescent
bulbs to fluorescent bulbs, hybrid cars over internal combustion engines, solar/wind
power over coal burning power plants or maybe it’s participating in a curb side
recycling program.  There are umpteen ways to become more environmentally
conscientious and a plethora of choices around us to help lower our carbon footprint
on this planet.
The idea behind “going green” is adopting personal habits and behaviours that
lead to consuming less natural resources or using products and/or services that rely
less on chemical or synthetic materials in their production and therefore produce less
waste.  It’s also developing a heightened awareness of the environment around all of
us, what constitutes the slow, often unnecessary destruction of that environment and
how simple lifestyle and product consumption choices can significantly impact our
surroundings.

Figure 4.6: Element need to create a balance society

39
 “Going Green” also means that we not only do what’s within our power to
reduce our carbon footprint, but we also take steps to encourage others to do the same.
If we own a business, we take all necessary measures to ensure responsible
environmental behaviour by carefully crafting a business plan that is cantered on the
highest profit at the lowest cost with the least possible impact on the environment.

Figure 4.8: Example of eco-friendly biometric scanner

40
4.4.1 BIOMETRICS REDUVE PAPER WASTE

Earlier this year, M2SYS wrote about how biometric technology reduces paper
waste.  We pointed out that each year, Americans waste enough paper to build a 12-
foot wall of paper from New York to California.  One way to reduce the amount of
paper used in a business is to switch from antiquated paper and pen time and
attendance techniques to biometric based time clock software. Another way you can
use biometrics to help the environment is by switching from plastic membership cards
to a biometric check in system.  Here is an excerpt from a blog post we wrote earlier
this year about why biometrics is a great solution for club and membership
management.
“Think for a moment about the amount of energy, time and resources that are
needed to manufacture one plastic membership card.  Now multiply that by the
number of members at your facility.  Now multiply that by the number of locations. 
Perhaps you are a national chain and have locations all throughout the country or even
across the globe.  Add them all up and then factor in all of the other membership
facilities throughout the world who still have not adopted biometric technology. 
The fact is that according to a recent report on CNN, “Americans generate
enough plastic in one year to shrink wrap the state of Texas.”  Granted, most of that
plastic created is through the manufacturing of consumer products but as a business
owner, you can do your part to help reduce your carbon footprint by switching to a
biometric solution that eradicates the need to create any plastic cards whatsoever.  If
you print the ID cards directly at your facility, this translates into less ink for the
printers, less electricity to run the laminator, less paper being consumed and less waste
being generated by the production process and the absence of discarding expired or
unused cards.   It also makes members happier that they no longer have to worry about
carrying around an ID card that they could potentially lose or become stolen.”

41
 How many retail establishments offer their customers plastic cards for
membership, rewards, clubs, gifts, discounts, etc.? How about employee and manager
ID cards?  Imagine if all of these businesses adopted biometric authentication for
these programs instead of issuing a plastic card.  There is no doubt that if this were to
become a reality, millions and millions of pounds of waste would be eliminated and it
would have a tremendous impact on the environment.

Figure 4.9: Recycle symbol

42
4.4.2 DEVELOPING “GREEN IDENTITY”

Here at M2SYS, we often dream about a world absent of plastic membership

cards and the role that biometrics will one day play in the effort to encourage all
people on the planet to develop a “green identity.”  We often ask ourselves, “What can
we do to help reduce the 251 million tons of waste disposed in our landfills each
year?”  Our vision is to somehow rid the world of the plastic identification cards that
fill our wallets and switch to biometric technology as a viable means of authentication
and identification.  Biometrics removes the need for you to carry anything to establish
positive identification, everything you would need is already with you wherever you
go.
Let’s face it, plastic is ubiquitous.  The United States Census Bureau recorded
that 576.4 million credit and 507 million debit cards were in circulation within the
U.S. in 2009.  Although this is merely one slice of the plastic pie, incorporating
biometric authentication systems for financial transactions would have a monumental
effect on the amount of plastic used and positively impact the environment. Reduction
of plastic use in this country needs to be attacked on many levels with technology that
was specifically designed to replace these outdated and environmentally unfriendly
business tools.  Biometrics is one of the key technologies to accomplish this and worth
investigating if you are looking to inject or boost environmentally conscientious
initiatives in your business.

Figure 4.10: A healthy earth

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4.5 MAINTANANCE

In this project, as for the part of maintenance it won’t cost too much. We have
designed this smart electro glas with devices that can with stand for many years and
devices that are not easily spoiled. Moreover it is designed with power backup so it
will not switched off by itself when there is no electricity. However we have to change
the battery that we used for the power backup one year once at least because the life-
span of the battery is one year so it will be better if we change the battery one year
once for the maintenance of the smart electro glas.

Figure 4.11: Example of battery need to change

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4.6 RESULT

To make sure the objective is achieved, we have done test which have to be
done. The usual way of unlocking the classroom doors is been followed for so many
decades which is using the key and lock way. To make a revolution changes this smart
electro glas will help us to take a step forward in this era. This smart electro glas will
work as, the lecturer have to book their preferred hall for their lecture by using the
application. So once they booked automatically they will get the access to enter the
hall by they own. How are they going to unlock the class? It’s very simple, they will
use their thumb or fingers which they have enrolled as their key to unlock the
classroom. In this we can clearly know that, smart electro glas is going to make many
lecturers work easy by not carrying the key to class where as a replacement they are
carrying their own biometric key.

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4.7 BILL OF MATERIAL

Table 4.1: Bill of Material

COMPONENTS UNITS

Surface Mounted Magnetic Lock (ES600) 1

Fingerprint Sensor 1
Arduino UNO 1
Three Core Cable (1/5m) 1
Wire (3m) 1
Plug 1

LCD Monitor 1

WIFI Shield 1

Wire Connector 1

Power Supply 1

Screw 20

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4.8 COST OF PROJECT

COMPONENTS UNIT ESTIMATED ACTUAL STATUS

PRICE PRICE

Surface Mounted 1 RM 65 RM 100 /

Electromagnetic Lock
Fingerprint Sensor 1 RM 85 RM 120 /

Arduino UNO 1 RM 100 RM 70 /

LCD Monitor 1 RM 20 RM 18 /

WIFI Shield 1 RM 15 RM 20 /

Wire (3m) 1 RM 3 RM 2 /

Wire Connector 1 RM 3 RM 2.50 /

Power Supply 1 RM 50 RM 40 /

Three Core Cable 1 RM 7 RM 5.80 /

(1/5m)
Plug 1 RM 4 RM 3.50 /

Screw 20 RM 3 RM 2 /

TOTAL 30 RM 355 RM 383.80

Table 4.2: Cost of Project

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 CHAPTER 5

DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

We have come to the final chapter of the study. Generally, we will discuss in
more detail about results that have been analysed in chapter 4. The results were
supported by opinions that can reinforce the study analysis. Results that we obtained
was discussed and made as conclusion. Several suggestions were also made to apply
for further studies in future.

5.2 DISCUSSION

Troubleshooting was carried out for the smart electro glas throughout this
process. The test run was done by enrolling one of our group mate’s fingerprint into
the smart electro glas and trying to book the class with preferred time. Moreover, the
lock was also tested by our project supervisor and some lectures to let them
understand the function of the smart electro glas. The major problems that we faced
while creating this smart electro glas is to connect the app together with fingerprint
and blynk cloud because it is very complicated to code the fingerprint and to code the
wifi module. The effectiveness of this smart electro glas is determined with its level of
protection and time saving to book a class. This smart electro glas is very secure
because it uses 600lbs power of electromagnet lock and without our fingerprint id we
can’t unlock the lock. This is why the smart electro lock is very important. The smart
electro glas is time saving and more secured than the conventional method of locks.

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5.3 CONCLUSION

The main objective of this project is to create a lock that is more secured and
time saving than the conventional method of lock. By conducting a survey we have
collected some data and information from the lectures. While evaluating the data its
clearly proves the importance of the smart electro glas.
The effectiveness of the smart electro glas is more focused on the security it
provides and the saving without using the key. The overall performance of the smart
electro glas shows that the design features have met the designated requirement. The
smart electro glas facilitate lectures to open the classroom door easily by using their
fingers and saves their time compare to the conventional method.

5.4 SUGGESTION

The smart electro glas won’t have the need to change its component for every
month once because we are using all electronic components which does not get
damage easily. Make sure the finger is not wet when placing on the fingerprint
scanner because it will be difficult for it to read the fingerprint.
Here are some suggestion to upgrade the smart electro glas to be more futuristic:
1. Suggest to add an enrolling button to enrol new fingerprint without coding it
back.
2. Suggest to add a button to break the circuit for emergency purpose.
3. Add backup power that can charge the lock without power supply too.
4. Suggest to add the app itself can detect the fingerprint from smartphones.
5. Suggest to make an external database that can trace the detail of the person
who book the classroom.
6. Suggest to add more lock to make more secured

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5.5 SUMMARY

The result of test carried out on smart electro glas, can be summarized that it
has achieved objective of research which is creating a secured lock. Besides that, the
smart electro glas has proven that it is very suitable for lectures to book the class at
anywhere and anytime. This lock can be implement at any institutions also. It’s
suitable for booking a private area for the person itself. By lectures booking the class
they can inform the students too, the time of the class and the classroom details.

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REFERENCE

i. https://makezine.com/2015/07/06/control-arduino-your-smartphone-via-blynk/

ii. https://docs.sketchware.io/

iii. https://appinventor.mit.edu/explore/understanding-blocks

iv. https://s4scoding.com/mit-app-inventor-2-introduction-to-android-app-
development/visual-programming-language-blocks/

v. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppSheet

vi. https://www.appypie.com/

vii. https://mashable.com/article/build-mobile-apps/

viii. https://www.appsgeyser.com/

ix. https://buildfire.com/

x. https://ibuildapp.com/

xi. https://www.goodbarber.com/

xii. https://www.appmakr.com/

xiii. https://developers.google.com/appmaker/

xiv. https://clutch.co/app-development/app-builders

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