1.

B2B: Business To Business Ecommerce

A B2B model focuses on providing products from one business to another.

B2c: Business To Consumer Ecommerce

The B2C sector is what most people think of when they imagine an ecommerce business.

C2C Ecommerce

B2B and B2C are fairly intuitive concepts for most of us, but the idea of C2C is different.

C2B: Consumer To Business Ecommerce

C2B is another model most people don’t immediately think of, but that is growing in prevalence.

Government / Public Administration Ecommerce

The models listed above are the primary ecommerce retail structures, but they aren’t the only ones.

2.

Advertising Revenue Model

Generally, there is always a commission charged to advertisers to put up their advertisements in a

well known online marketing platform.

Subscription Revenue Model

These eCommerce business models charge their users or rathers subscribers based on a certain
interval of time (daily, monthly or annual) to avail their services.

Transaction Fee Revenue Model

The eCommerce business following the transaction fee revenue model charges a fee to a seller for
every transaction made through them. They are the payment companies that provides the payment
gateway service to other eCommerce business platforms.

Sales Revenue Model

This is the most commonly followed eCommerce business model where wholesalers and retailers
sell their product over the internet intending to reach out to a larger target audience.

Affiliate Revenue Model

Merchants and vendors partner up with well-known eCommerce platforms to advertise and sell their
product giving them a percentage of the profit as a commission.

3.

Advertising Revenue Model

Google Adwords and Adsense, facebook

Subscription Revenue Model

Netflix, Amazon Prime, YouTube Premium,

Transaction Fee Revenue Model

PayPal, OVO

Sales Revenue Model

Otto, Buy.com

Affiliate Revenue Model

Bukalapal, Tokopedia

4. B2B commerce began in the 1970s with automated order entry systems that used telephone
models to send digital orders to suppliers. In the late 1970s, electronic data interchange (EDI)
emerged. EDI is a form of computer-to-computer communication standardized for sharing business
documents such as invoices, purchase orders, shipping bills, and product stocking numbers. In the
mid-1990s, electronic storefronts emerged. Electronic showplaces are online catalogs of products
made available to the general public by a single supplier. Net marketplaces emerged in the late
1990s. A net marketplace is designed to bring hundreds or thousands of suppliers (each with
electronic catalogs) together with a significant number of purchasing firms in a single Internet-based
environment toconduct trade.

5. Assume, for example, that XYZ Furniture manufactures high-end furniture, and that a supplier
provides metal handles and other attachments. The metal components need to be durable so they
can be used on the furniture for years, and the metal parts shipped to XYZ should work as intended.
The supplier must be able to fill the manufacturer’s orders and ship metal parts to meet XYZ’s
production needs. These steps are necessary to produce a quality product that is shipped to a
customer in a timely manner.

6. Service supply chains typically do not include external suppliers. Manufacturing supply chains
typically include a greater variety of links in the chain in terms of the types of companies.
Manufacturers have external suppliers in the different tiers, as well as processing operations.

7. Here are simple ways by which any business can look to exceed customer expectations.

1. Collect Customer Feedback.

2. Focus on the Omni-channel part.

3. Create a world class Customer Service model.

4. Institute an impactful employee training program.

5. Focus on the small things. ...

 6. Add a personal touch.

7. Follow up with your customers.

8. The most significant factors impacting supply chain risks are environmental, geopolitical,
economic, and technological.

9. Suppliers play a critical role in helping companies succeed. In order to find the right ones,
businesses need to consider a number of critical factors, including:

•price

•value for money

•quality

•reliability

•responsiveness

•flexibility

10. A partnership is commonly formed where two or more people wish to come to together to form
a business. Perhaps they have a common business idea that they wish to put to the test or have
realised that their skills and talents compliment each others in such a way that they might make a
good business team.

Benefit:

• Have a long-term orientation

• Are strategic in nature

• Share information

• Share risks and opportunities

• Share a common vision

• Share short- and long-term plans

• Are driven by end-customer expectations

Disadvantage

• the liability of the partners for the debts of the business is unlimited

• each partner is ‘jointly and severally’ liable for the partnership’s debts; that is, each partner is
liable for their share of the partnership debts as well as being liable for all the debts

• there is a risk of disagreements and friction among partners and management

• each partner is an agent of the partnership and is liable for actions by other partners

• if partners join or leave, you will probably have to value all the partnership assets and this can be
costly.

11.

• The supplier may be the exclusive owner of essential patents and/or processes and thus be the
only possible source.

• By using one supplier, quantity discounts may be achieved.

• The supplier will be more responsive if it has all of your business for the item.

• Contractual agreements may prohibit the splitting of an order.

12. Without information, a manager cannot know what customers want, how much inventory is in
stock, and when more products should be produced or shipped. In short, information provides
supply chain visibility, allowing managers to make decisions to improve the supply chain’s
performance.

13. Warehouse management plays a strategic role in the supply chain by enabling inventory
distribution, sorting, or cross-docking processes that strive to meet the growing demand of the
market.

14. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves to passively identify a
tagged object. It is used in several commercial and industrial applications, for tracking items along a
supply chain to keeping track of items checked out of a library.

15.

1) Digitalization And Automation For E-Commerce Logistics Providers

Today, we can observe the following digital trends for e-commerce and logistics:

•Decreasing usage of cash and wallets and support for more convenient digital payment methods
such as mobile devices;

•Predicting market behavior by using special software;

•Using a database of clients and special software to understand what they want from you;

•Mobile integration and using the power of small screen devices;

•The automation of the delivery process at every point possible

2) Flying Drones And Other Unusual Logistics E-Commerce Solutions

It doesn’t mean that every logistics company needs to buy delivery drones and invest in self-driving
cars – it means that companies will keep looking for unusual delivery methods and it is better to
follow such trends as they are growing before these ideas are implemented

3) Personalization And Collaboration With Customers

Companies should also improve their communication with clients. There are at least a few ways of
doing it:

•Using chatbots on websites and in applications that help clients get the needed information and
solve their problems before people from support team do it;

•Take a personal approach to each client including a personalized newsfeed and offers;

•Full 24 hour support that helps customers to solve their problem fast and get the information they
need; without a good customer support, your client will start looking for other companies;

•Same-day delivery and flexibility of the logistics process to meet the needs of customers;

Rewards for customers to keep them loyal.