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    Nikhilesh Raj Singh

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    28 COORDINATE GEOMETRY. Tf we took a large number of values of « and the corresponding values of y, the points thus obtained would be found all to lie on the curve in the figure. Both of its branches would be found to stretch away to infinity towards the right of the figure. ‘Also, if we took any point on this curve and measured with sufficient accuracy its « and y the values thus obtained would be found to satisfy equation (1). Also we should not be able to find any point, not lying on the curve, whose coordinates would satisfy (1). In the language of Analytical Geometry the equation (1) is the equation to the above curve. This curve is called a Parabola and will be fully discussed in Chapter X. 42. If a point move so as to satisfy any given condition it will describe some definite curve, or locus, and there can always be found an equation between the « and y of any point on the path. This equation is called the equation to the locus or curve. Hence Def. Equation to a curve. The equation to a curve is the relation which exists between the coordinates of any point on the curve, and which holds for no other points except those lying on the curve, 43. Conversely to every equation between x and y it will be found that there is, in general, a definite geometrical locus. Thus in Art. 39 the equation is #+y=1, and the definite path, or locus, is the straight line P,P, (produced indefinitely both ways). In Art, 40 the oquation is a?+y?=4, and the definite path, or locus, is the dotted circle, Again the equation y=1 states that the moving point is such that its ordinate is always unity, i.e. that it is always at a distance 1 from the axis of 2. The definite path, or locus, is therefore a straight line parallel to OX and at a distance unity from it, EQUATION TO A LOCUS. 29 44, In tho next chapter it will be found that if the equation be of the first degree (ie. if it contain no products, squares, or higher powers of « and y) the locus corresponding is always a straight line. Tf the equation be of the second or higher degree, the corresponding locus is, in general, a curved line. 45. We append a few simple examples of the forma- tion of the equation to a locus. Ex. 1, A point moves so that the algebraic sum of its distances from two given perpendicular aces is equal to a constant quantity a; Jind the equation to its locus. Take the two straight lines as the axes of coordinates. Let (2, y) be any point satisfying the given condition, We then have x-+y=

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