Structural Patterns: Soft Eng 3 - Damas - 2009 د - ةبيصق مساب 1

Structural Patterns
Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 1

2009
Structural Patterns (1)
‫تحدد كيف يتم تجميع األغراض‬ 
.‫ في هذا الصنف متممين لبعضهم البعض‬Patterns ‫الـ‬ 
 Adapter
 Convert the interface of a class into another interface clients expect.
 Adapter lets classes work together that couldn't otherwise because of
incompatible interfaces.
 ‫دؼو ٍِ غشض ٍ٘افق ألخش‬ٝ
 Bridge
 Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary
independently.
 ٔ‫زار‬ٞ‫ذ غشض ٗ رْف‬ٝ‫ِ ردش‬ٞ‫فصو ث‬ٝ
 Composite
 Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.
 Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects
uniformly.
 ‫خ ٗ ٍنّ٘بد ٍْٖب‬ٞ‫ أغشاض ثذائ‬ٚ‫ؼزَذ ػي‬ٝ

2009
Structural Patterns (2)
 Decorator
 Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically.
 Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending
functionality.
 ٛ‫ب ً ٗ ثشنو ػ٘د‬ٞ‫ن‬ٍٞ‫ْب‬ٝ‫ف خذٍبد ىيغشض د‬ٞ‫ض‬ٝ
 Facade
 Provide a unified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem.
 Facade defines a higher-level interface that makes the subsystem
easier to use.
 ً‫خ اىَؼقذح ىْظب‬ْٞ‫ اىج‬ٜ‫خف‬ٝ
 Flyweight
 Use sharing to support large numbers of fine-grained objects
efficiently.
 ‫شح اىحدٌ ٍنشسخ ىزنُ٘ ٍزشبسمخ‬ٞ‫أغشاض صغ‬
 Proxy
 Provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access
to it.
 ‫حدت آخش‬ٝ ‫غشض‬

2009
Structural Design Patterns
 Composite = Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole
hierarchies. Composite lets clients treat individual objects and
compositions of objects uniformly.
 Adapter = Convert the interface of a class into another interface clients
expect. Adapter lets classes work together that couldn't otherwise because
of incompatible interfaces.
 Bridge = Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two
can vary independently.
 Decorator = Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically.
Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending
functionality.
 Façade = Provide a unified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem.
Facade defines a higher-level interface that makes the subsystem easier to
use.
 Flyweight = Use sharing to support large numbers of fine-grained objects
efficiently.
 Proxy = Provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control
access to it.
2009
Composite
 Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.
 Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects
uniformly.

2009
Composite –Example 1
 Awt/Swing Components and their method of repaint().

2009
‫‪Composite –Example 2‬‬
‫‪Light‬‬
‫نريد نمذجة دارات منطقية اعتباراً من ‪ Components‬كما في الشكل التالي ‪:‬‬
‫‪Or‬‬
‫اىـ ‪َٝ Component‬يل ػي‪ ٚ‬األمثش دخي‪ ٗ ِٞ‬خشج ٗح‪ٞ‬ذ‪.‬‬
‫ٍِ أخو ثْبء داسح فإُ خشج ‪ٝ Component‬دت أُ ‪ٝ‬زصو إى‪ٍ ٚ‬ذخو ‪. Component‬‬
‫‪And‬‬
‫خشج اىـ ‪َٝ Component‬نِ أُ ‪ٝ‬نُ٘ فؼبالً أٗ ال‪ٕ .‬زا ‪ٝ‬ز٘قف ػي‪ّ٘ ٚ‬ع اىـ ‪ ٗ Component‬ق‪ ٌٞ‬دخئ‪.‬‬
‫ّق٘ه إُ دخالً فؼبالً إرا مبُ ٍ٘ص٘الً إى‪ ٚ‬خشج فؼبه ٗ غ‪ٞ‬ش فؼبه إرا مبُ ٍ٘ص٘الً إى‪ ٚ‬خشج غ‪ٞ‬ش فؼبه‪.‬‬
‫اىـ ‪ Generator‬ال ‪َٝ‬يل دخالً ٗ خشخٔ دٍٗب ً فؼبه‪.‬‬
‫‪Not‬‬
‫اىـ ‪ Light‬ال ‪َٝ‬يل خشخب ً ٗ ٕ‪ٍ ٜ‬ض‪ٞ‬ئخ إرا مبّذ فؼبىخ‪.‬‬

‫اىـ ‪َٝ Switch‬نِ أُ ‪ٝ‬نُ٘ ٍفز٘حب ً {غ‪ٞ‬ش فؼبه} أٗ ٍ٘ص٘ال ً {فؼبالً}‪.‬‬
‫اىـ ‪ ٗ Not‬اىـ ‪َٕ Switch‬ب ثخشج ٗح‪ٞ‬ذ ٗ دخو ٗح‪ٞ‬ذ‪.‬‬
‫‪َٝ‬نْْب أُ ّش‪ ٙ‬أ‪ٝ‬ضب ً ‪ Components‬ثذخي‪ ٗ ِٞ‬خشج ٗح‪ٞ‬ذ مبىـ ‪ ٗ And‬اىـ ‪.Or‬‬
‫دخو اىـ ‪ٝ Component‬زؼيق ػٍَ٘ب ً ثبىـ ‪ Component‬اىَزصو ثٔ‪ .‬إرا ىٌ ‪ٝ‬زصو اىذخو ثـ‬
‫‪ Component‬فٖ٘ ‪ .null‬إرا ح٘ىْب حسبة خشج ‪ Component‬اىز‪َٝ ٛ‬يل دخالً ‪null‬‬
‫‪Generator Switch‬‬
‫فإّٔ ‪ٝ‬دت سفغ ‪.Exception NullComponentInputException‬‬
‫‪Soft Eng 3 - Damas -‬‬ ‫د‪ .‬باسم قصيبة‬ ‫‪7‬‬

‫‪2009‬‬
Composite –Example 2
Component
boolean isActive()
Light
isLighted() in Component_1_Out
Generator
isActive()
Component_1_in_1_Out Component_2_in_1_Out
in1 in1, in2
Switch Not Or And

isActive() isActive() isActive() isActive()

2013
functionality.
use.
efficiently.
access to it.
2009
Decorator (1)
 Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically.
Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for
extending functionality.
 Ex : I/O Streams in Java

2009
Decorator (2)

2009
Decorator (3)
 Structure
 When to use :
 to add responsibilities to individual objects dynamically and
transparently.
 for responsibilities that can be withdrawn.
 when extension by subclassing is impractical. Sometimes a large
number of independent extensions are possible and would produce
an explosion of subclasses to support every combination.

2009
Example of debugger(1/12) :
Decorator + Composite + Singleton
println("info about the bug") ً‫ء ثبسزخذا‬ٜ‫ حو س‬

Debugger ‫ اسزخذاً اى٘اخٖخ‬
DebuggerToScreen 
WithoutDebugger 
DebuggerToFile 
DeuggerToStream ً‫ ثبسزخذا‬ٜ‫ِ إضبف‬ٞ‫ رحس‬
DebuggerToScreen 
DebuggerToFile 
DebuggerInWindow 
Usage 
2009
Example of debugger(2/12) :
 ‫ئ‬ٞ‫اىحو اىس‬
public class BadSolution ‫ئ‬ٞ‫ ىَبرا ٕز اىحو س‬
{
public static void main(String[] args)
‫ح‬ٞ‫إصاىخ اىزْق‬ 
{
System.out.println(« Begin of program.");
‫ >>> إصاىخ اىجشّبٍح‬
‫ح ّح٘ ٍيف أٗ إضبفخ‬ٞ‫ش اىزْق‬ٞٞ‫رغ‬ 
System.out.println("Begin of For.");
... ٗ‫ أ‬... ٗ‫خ أ‬ٞ‫ٍؼيٍ٘بد إضبف‬
for(int i=0; i<10; i++)
{
‫ش اىجشّبٍح‬ٞٞ‫ >>> رغ‬
System.out.println("Begin of step i=" + i);
// ...
System.out.println("End of step i=" + i);
}
System.out.println("End of For.");
//
// Several ohers thousands of System.out.println().
//
System.out.println("End of program.");
}
}

2009
Example of debugger (3/12) :
public interface Debugger
Debugger ‫اسزخذاً اى٘اخٖخ‬ 
{
public void display(String message); ٓ‫ز‬ٞ‫خ رْف‬ٞ‫ف‬ٞ‫اىٖذف = فصو االسزخذاً ػِ م‬ 
} ‫ذح ػْذ اىحبخخ‬ٝ‫َنِ إضبفخ ٗظبئف خذ‬ٝ 
public class DebuggerToScreen implements Debugger {
public void display(String message)
{
System.out.println(message);
}
}
public class WithoutDebugger implements public class DebuggerToFile implements Debugger {

Debugger { public DebuggerToFile(String nnameFile) throws
public void display(String message) FileNotFoundException {
{ //nothing .... } FileOutputStream f = new FileOutputStream (nameFile);
} sf = new PrintStream (f);
}
public void display(String message)
{sf.println(message);}
}

2009
import java.io.*; ً‫ِ ثبسزخذا‬ٞ‫اىزحس‬ 
public class DebuggerToStream implements Debugger {
PrintStream outStrm;
DebuggerToStream
public DebuggerToStream(PrintStream strm) { ‫دَغ اىن٘د اىَشزشك ٍِ اىـ‬ٝ 
outStrm = strm; ‫ ٗ اىـ‬DebuggerToScreen
} DebuggerToFile
public DebuggerToStream(OutputStream strm) { ‫ذ‬ٞ‫ ٗح‬display() ‫ٍْٖح‬ 
this( new PrintStream(strm) );
}
public void display(String message) {

outStrm.println(message);
}
public class DebuggerToScreen public class DebuggerToFile

extends DebuggerToStream { extends DebuggerToStream {
public DebuggerToScreen() { public DebuggerToFile(String nameFile)
super(System.out); throws java.io.FileNotFoundException {
} super( new FileOutputStream (nomFichier) );
}
}
}

2009
Example of Debugger (5/12) :
public class DebuggerInWindow extends javax.swing.JFrame implements Debugger {
protected javax.swing.JTextArea zoneDisplay;
public DebuggerInWindow() {
super(“Debugger Window");
super.setSize(400, 300);
zoneDisplay = new javax.swing.JTextArea(40, 20);
zoneDisplay.setEditable(false);
Container contentPane = super.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new java.awt.BorderLayout());
contentPane.add(BorderLayout.CENTER,
new JScrollPane(zoneDisplay));
super.show();
}
public void Display(String message)

{
zoneDisplay.append(message + "\n");
}
}

2009
Example (6/12) :
public class SolutionWithDebugger { : ‫ضاد‬َٞ‫اى‬ 
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ‫ش ّ٘ع‬ٞٞ‫َنْْب رغ‬ٝ 
main("debugger to screen", new DebuggerToScreen()); ‫ح ثسٖ٘ىخ‬ٞ‫اىزْق‬
main("debugger to file", new debuggerToFile("dbg.txt"));
main("debugger in window", new DebuggerInWindow()); : ‫ئبد‬ٞ‫اىس‬ 
main("without debugger", new WithoutDebugger()); ‫دت ّقو اىَْقح‬ٝ 
} ‫ضَِ مو اىجشّبٍح‬
public static void main(String title, Debugger dbg) {
S.o.p(« Execution with " + title + "."); : ‫اىحو‬ 
main(dbg); ‫اسزخذاً اىَْ٘رج‬ 
} Singleton
public static void main(dbg) {
dbg.display("Begin of program.");
dbg.display("Begin of For.");
for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
dbg.display("Begin of step i=" + i);
// ...
dbg.display("End of step i=" + i);
}
dbg.display("End of For");
//....
dbg.display("End of program.");
}
}

2009
public class SolutionWithDebugger {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ٜ‫ن‬ٍٞ‫ْب‬ٝ‫ح ثشنو د‬ٞ‫ش ّ٘ع اىزْق‬ٞٞ‫َنْْب رغ‬ٝ 
S.o.p("Execution without debugger.");
main();
ً‫سزخذ‬ٝ ٛ‫ش ىيجشّبٍح اىز‬ٞٞ‫ ٗ ثذُٗ رغ‬
main("To Screen", new DebuggeToScreen()); ‫اىَْقح‬
main("To File", new DebuggerToFile("dbg.txt"));
main("In Window", new DebuggerInWindow());
main("Withut Debugger", new WthoutDebugger());
}
public abstract class SingletonDeboggeur {
public static void main(String title, Debugger dbg){ protected static Debugger instance = null;
S.o.p("Executin with Debugger " + title + "."); public static Debugger getInstance()
SingletonDebugger.setInstance( dbg ); {
main();
if(instance == null)
}
instance = new
WithoutDebugger();
public static void main() {
return instance;
SingletonDebugger.display("Begin of program");
SingletonDebugger.display("Begin of for"); }
for(int i=0; i<10; i++) { public static void setInstance(Debugger dbg)
SingletonDebugger.display("Begin of step i=" + i);
{
// ... instance = dbg;
SingletonDebugger.display("End of step i=" + i); }
} public static void display(String message) {
//... getInstance().display(message);
} }
} }
2009
‫خ إه سسبئو‬ٝ‫ذ إضبفخ اىزبس‬ٝ‫ ىْفشض أّْب ّش‬
‫ح‬ٞ‫اىزْق‬
‫ذ‬ٝ‫ صف خذ‬ٚ‫ ٗ ىنِ سْحزبج إى‬
public class DebuggerToScreenWithDate
‫ ّبفزح ٗ آخش ىإلظٖبس‬ٜ‫ىإلظٖبس ف‬
extends DebuggerToScreen {
َِ‫ اىشبشخ ٗ آخش إلظٖبس ض‬ٚ‫ػي‬
public void display(String message) { ... ٗ ‫ٍيف‬
super.dsplay( "[" + new java.util.Date() + "]:
" + message );
}
}
public class DebuggerInWindowWithDate

extends DebuggerInWindow{
super.dsplay( "[" + new java.util.Date() + "]: " + message );
}
}

2009
public abstract class DecoratorDebugger implements ‫خ إه سسبئو‬ٝ‫ذ إضبفخ اىزبس‬ٝ‫ىْفشض أّْب ّش‬ 
Debugger { ‫ح‬ٞ‫اىزْق‬
protected Debugger dbgr; ٗ Decorator ََٜٞ‫سْسزخذً اىَ٘رج اىزص‬ 
public DecoratorDebugger(Debugger d) {
ُٗ‫ د‬ٛ‫ش سي٘ك غشض فشد‬ٞٞ‫سَح ثزغ‬ٝ ٛ‫اىز‬
‫إّشبء صف٘ف ٍشزقخ ٍِ صف ٕزا اىغشض‬
this.dbgr = d;
}
‫ سنقوم بإنشاء صف لزخرفة األغراض‬

Debugger
dbgr.display ( decor(message) );
Display(msg)
}
protected abstract String decor(String message);

DecoratorDebugger
} DecoratorDebugger()
Display(msg)
Abstract Decor(msg)

2009
public class DebuggerDecoredWithDate
extends DecoratorDebugger { Debugger
public DebuggerDecoredWithDate (Debugger d){ Display(msg)
super(d);
}
protected String decor(String message) { DecoratorDebugger
DecoratorDebugger()
return "[" + new java.util.Date() + "] : " +
Display(msg)
message; Abstract Decor(msg)
} public class DebuggerWithoutDecoration
} extends DecoratorDebugger {
public DebuggerDecoredWithDate (Debugger d){ DebuggerDecor
super(d); edWithDate
Decor(msg)
}
protected String decor(String message) { DebuggerWitho
return message; utDecoration
Decor(msg)
}
}

2009
public class SolutionWithDecoration {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
Decorator ‫َنْْب اسزخذاً اىـ‬ٝ 
{
‫ثأسي٘ة آخش‬
Debugger toScreen = new DebuggerToScreen(); SingletonDebugger.setInstance( new
DebuggerDecoredWithDate(new
Debugger toFile = new DebuggerToFile("dbg.txt");
DebuggerInWindow() ) );
Debugger inWindow = new DebuggerInWindow();
SolutionWithDebugger.main();
SolutionWithDebogger.main("to screen with decoration",
new DebuggerDecoredWithDate(toScreen) ); ‫هل تتذكرون شيئا ً مشابها ً بالـجافا؟‬ 
SolutionWithDebogger.main("to file with decoration",

new DebuggerDecoredWithDate(toFile) );
SolutionWithDebogger.main(« in window with decoration",

new DebuggerDecoredWithDate(inWindow) );
}
}

2009
public interface Decoration { ‫ِ ىيحو اىسبثق ٕ٘ ٍِ خاله ػضه سي٘ك‬ٞ‫ رحس‬
public String decor(String message); .‫ ٗاخٖخ ٍْفصيخ‬ٜ‫اىضخشفخ ف‬
}
public class WithoutDecoration

implements Decoration { public class CompositeDebugger extends
public String decor(String message){ DecoratorDebugger {
return message; protected Decoration decoration;
} public CompositeDebugger(Debugger dbg,
} Decoration dec){
super(dbg);
public class DecorationWithDate
this.decoration = dec;
implements Decoration {
}
public String decor(String message){
protected String decor(String message) {
return "[" + new java.util.Date() +
"] : " + message; return decoration.decor(message);
} }
} public void setDecoration(Decoration dec) {
this.decoration = dec;
}
}

2009
public class SolutionByComposition
{
: ‫ضاد‬َٞ‫ اى‬
public static void main(String[] args) { ‫زاد‬ٞ‫َنْْب إضبفخ رْف‬ٝ 
Debugger toScreen = new DebuggerToScreen(); Debugger ‫ذح ىيـ‬ٝ‫خذ‬
Debugger toFile = new DebuggerToFile("dbg.txt"); ‫زاد‬ٞ‫َنْْب إضبفخ رْف‬ٝ 
Debugger inWindow = new DebuggerInWindow(); ‫ذح ىيـ‬ٝ‫خذ‬
Decoration NoDecoration = new WithoutDecoration(); Decoration
Decoration withDate = new DecorationWithDate(); ِْٞ‫غ االث‬َٞ‫َنْْب رد‬ٝ 
main("to screen without decoration", toScreen, NoDecoration);
main(« in Window without decoration", inWindow, NoDecoration);
‫و اىصف٘ف‬ٝ‫ال حبخخ ىزؼذ‬ 
ً ‫اىَ٘خ٘دح ٍسجقب‬
main("to screen with decoration", toScreen, withDate);
main("to file with decoration", toFile, withDate); ‫ ثحي٘ىْب‬ٚ‫دت أُ ّسؼ‬ٝ 
main("in window with decoration", inWindow, withDate); ُ٘‫خ اىز٘خٔ أُ رن‬ٞ‫اىغشض‬
} Extensible 
public static void main(String title, Debugger dbg,
Decoration dec) {
Reusable 
SolutionWithDebugger( title, new CompisteDebugger(dbg, dec) ); maintenable 
}
}

2009
functionality.
use.
efficiently.
access to it.
2009
Proxy (1)
 Provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control
access to it.

2009
Proxy (2)
 Applicability :
 A remote proxy provides a local representative for an object in a
different address space.
 A virtual proxy creates expensive objects on demand.
 A protection proxy controls access to the original object. Protection
proxies are useful when objects should have different access rights.
 A smart reference is a replacement for a pointer that performs
additional actions when an object is accessed:
 counting the number of references to the real object>>> free this
object when there are no more refereces
 loading a persistent object into memory when it's first referenced.
 checking that the real object is locked before it's accessed to ensure
that no other object can change it.

2009
Proxy (3)
 Structure

2009
Proxy (4) : remote proxy

2009
Proxy (5) : Stub & Skeleton
public class example_client { public class example {
public static void main(String[] args) { public int add(int a, int b) {
Example ex = new Example(); return a +b
S.o.p(ex.add(5,3)) }
} }
}
public class example { public class example_server {

public int add(int a, int b) { public static void main(String[] args) {
// ‫ترميز الوسائط‬ // ‫انتظار طلب من الزبون‬.
// ‫استدعاء اإلجرائية من المخدم و انتظار النتيجة‬ // ‫فك ترميز الوسائط‬
// ‫قراءة النتيجة‬ //‫استدعاء اإلجرائية المطلوبة‬
} // ‫ترميز النتيجة و إرسالها‬
} }
}
Stub Skeleton
2009
Java & TCP
Server
Client
Creation Socket
Port = x
Creation Socket
Port = x
WelcomSocket = ServerSocket(x) IP = y
‫انتظار لطلبات اتصال‬ ClientSocket = Socket(x, y)

ConnectionSocket = WelcomSocket.accept()
‫إرسال طلب على‬

‫قراءة طلب من‬ ClientSocket
ConnectionSocket
‫قراءة اإلجابة من‬

‫كتابة اإلجابة على‬ ClientSocket
ConnectionSocket
‫إغالق الـ‬
‫إغالق الـ‬
ClientSocket
ConnectionSocket
‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 32
Distributed Sys - Damas univ
TCP Socket
Socket A on M1 Socket B on M2
Remote Remote
@IP = "M2" Out 1 In 2 @IP = "M1"
Port = 5040 Port = 6070
Local In 1 Out 2 Local

@IP = "M1" @IP = "M2"
Port = 6070 Port = 5040
A.getInetAddress() = B.getLocalInetAddress()
A.getPort() = B.getLocalPort()
A.getLocalInetAddress() = B.getInetAddress()
A.getLocalPort() = B.getPort()
JAVA – Sum TCP Client
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class sumClient {
public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
BufferedReader inFromUser = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
InetAddress lclHost = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
Socket clientSocket = new Socket(lclHost, 6789);
DataOutputStream outToServer = new DataOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());

DataInputStream inFromServer = new DataInputStream(clientSocket.getInputStream());
String nb1 = inFromUser.readLine();

String nb2 = inFromUser.readLine();
int n1 = (new Integer(nb1)).intValue();

int n2 = (new Integer(nb2)).intValue();
outToServer.writeInt(n1);
outToServer.writeInt(n2);
int sum = inFromServer.readInt();
System.out.println("From Server : " + sum);

clientSocket.close();
}
catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
}
JAVA – Sum TCP Server
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class sumServer {
ServerSocket welcomSocket = new ServerSocket(6789);

while(true)
{
System.out.println("Server wait a connection ....");
Socket connectionSocket = welcomSocket.accept();
DataInputStream inFromClient = new DataInputStream(connectionSocket.getInputStream());

DataOutputStream outToClient = new DataOutputStream(connectionSocket.getOutputStream());
int n1 = inFromClient.readInt();
int n2 = inFromClient.readInt();
int sum = n1 + n2;

System.out.println(sum);
outToClient.writeInt(sum);
}
}
}
Proxy : JavaRMI
Ex : Remote interface + Impl Object
import java.rmi.*;
public interface Addition extends Remote
{
public int add(int x, int y) throws RemoteException;
}
import java.rmi..*;
public class AdditionImpl implements Addition
{
public int add (int x, int y) throws RemoteException
{
return x + y ;
}
}
Distributed Sys - Damas Univ
Proxy : JavaRMI
Ex : Server
//deployment of servants
import java.rmi.*;
import java.rmi.server.*;
public class AdditionServer{
public static void main(String[] args){
try{
Addition a = new AdditionImpl();
UnicastRemoteObject.exportObject(a);
Naming.rebind("/Firstpro", a);
System.out.println("First remote program ……”);
System.out.println("main thread finished”);
}
catch(Exception ex) {ex.printStackTrace)(;}
}
}
Proxy : JavaRMI
Ex : Client
import java.rmi.*;
public class AdditionClient{
Addition a = (Addition) Naming.lookup("/Firstpro”);
System.out.println(a.add(5, 3));
}
}
Local machine Remote machine
2 1
/ client look up
Registry
bind / server
3 0
Object
export
9 Server
7
RMI return 8 return RMI
Stub result Skeleton
Client Server
4 5
Method Argument
call marshaling
functionality.
use.
efficiently.
access to it.
2009
Adapter (1)
 Convert the interface of a class into another interface clients expect.
 Adapter lets classes work together that couldn't otherwise because of
incompatible interfaces.

2009
Adapter (2)
 Class Adapter pattern
 Object Adapter pattern

2009
Adapter (3)
 Example :
 To use when :
 a class exists, but its interface does not match the one you need.
 you need to use several existing subclasses, but it's impractical to adapt
their interface by subclassing every one. An object adapter can adapt the
interface of its parent class.

2009
functionality.
use.
efficiently.
access to it.
2009
Bridge (1)
 Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can
vary independently
 problem :

2009
Bridge (2)
 Solution with the Bidge pattern :

2009
Bridge (3)
 Structure :
 To use when :
 to avoid a permanent binding between an abstraction and its
implementation. (example, the implementation must be selected or
switched at run-time).
 both the abstractions and their implementations are independently
extensible by subclassing.
 changes in the implementation of an abstraction should have no impact on
clients; that is, their code should not have to be recompiled.
2009
Bridge (4)
 Example : Forall x in l
imp.addLine (x)
Bridge imp BridgeImpl
addData (List l) addLine (String s)
SortedBridge ListBridge List View TableView
addData (List l) AddLine( String s) AddLine( String s)

{ { {
l = Sort(l); Jlist.add )…..( JTable.add )…..(
super.addData(l) } }
}

2009
functionality.
use.
efficiently.
access to it.
2009
Flyweight (1)
 Use sharing to support large numbers of fine-grained objects
efficiently.

2009
Flyweight (2)

2009
Flyweight (3)
 Structure

2009
Flyweight (4)
 Applicability :
 An application uses a large number of objects.
 Storage costs are high because of the sheer quantity of objects.
 Most object state can be made extrinsic.
 Many groups of objects may be replaced by relatively few shared objects
once extrinsic state is removed.
 The application doesn't depend on object identity.

2009
Structural Design Patterns ‫ٍيخص ػِ إٔذاف اىـ‬
functionality.
use.
efficiently.
access to it.
2009

Structural Patterns: Soft Eng 3 - Damas - 2009 د - ةبيصق مساب 1

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Structural Patterns: Soft Eng 3 - Damas - 2009 د - ةبيصق مساب 1

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Structural Patterns

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 1

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 2

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 3

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 5

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 6

‫اىـ ‪ Light‬ال ‪َٝ‬يل خشخب ً ٗ ٕ‪ٍ ٜ‬ض‪ٞ‬ئخ إرا مبّذ فؼبىخ‪.‬‬

‫فإّٔ ‪ٝ‬دت سفغ ‪.Exception NullComponentInputException‬‬

‫‪Soft Eng 3 - Damas -‬‬ ‫د‪ .‬باسم قصيبة‬ ‫‪7‬‬

Switch Not Or And

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 8

 Ex : I/O Streams in Java

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 10

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 11

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 12

println("info about the bug") ً‫ء ثبسزخذا‬ٜ‫ حو س‬

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 14

public class WithoutDebugger implements public class DebuggerToFile implements Debugger {

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 15

public void display(String message) {

public class DebuggerToScreen public class DebuggerToFile

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 16

public void Display(String message)

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 17

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 18

public class DebuggerInWindowWithDate

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 20

public void display(String message) {

protected abstract String decor(String message);

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 21

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 22

SolutionWithDebogger.main("to file with decoration",

SolutionWithDebogger.main(« in window with decoration",

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 23

public class WithoutDecoration

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 24

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 25

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 27

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 28

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 29

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 30

public class example { public class example_server {

‫انتظار لطلبات اتصال‬ ClientSocket = Socket(x, y)

‫إرسال طلب على‬

‫قراءة اإلجابة من‬

Local In 1 Out 2 Local

DataOutputStream outToServer = new DataOutputStream(clientSocket.getOutputStream());

String nb1 = inFromUser.readLine();

int n1 = (new Integer(nb1)).intValue();

int sum = inFromServer.readInt();

System.out.println("From Server : " + sum);

ServerSocket welcomSocket = new ServerSocket(6789);

DataInputStream inFromClient = new DataInputStream(connectionSocket.getInputStream());

int sum = n1 + n2;

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 40

 Object Adapter pattern

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 41

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 42

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 44

Soft Eng 3 - Damas - ‫ باسم قصيبة‬.‫د‬ 45

Bridge imp BridgeImpl

addData (List l) addLine (String s)