Chapter Seven - Deflection of Beams (Dr. Abdulkader)

Mechanics of Materials 2018-2019
CH7
Deflection of Beams
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
Use various methods to determine the deflection and slope at specific points on beams:
Double Integration Method and Moment-Area Method
CHAPTER OUTLINE
1. Introduction
2. The elastic Curve
3. Slope and displacement by Integration
4. Slope and displacement by Moment Area Method
5. Statically Indeterminate Beams
Petroleum Engineering Department (DPTE) / 3rd Stage Page 1

7.1 Introduction:
• When a structure is loaded its elements deform

• These deformations change the shape of the structure
• Although deformations are generally small, the designer has to be able to estimate
their magnitude to make sure they do not exceed the limits given by the design code
What is the
Deflection?
The vertical displacement of a structural element under loads
7.2 Elastic Curve:
• Under the action of this load, the axis of the beam deforms into a curve.
• The deflection diagram of the longitudinal axis that passes through the centroid of
each x-sectional area of the beam is called the elastic curve.
• Draw the moment diagram for the beam first before creating the elastic curve.
Elastic Curve

• The curved shape of a deflected beam is called the elastic curve
• The angle of a tangent to the elastic curve is called the slope, and is measured in radians.
• For example shown below, due to roller and pin supports at B and D, displacements at
B and D are zero.
• For region of -ve moment AC, elastic curve concave downwards.
• Within region of +ve moment CD, elastic curve concave upwards.
• At point C, there is an inflection pt where curve changes from concave up to
concave down (zero moment).

Moment – Curvature Relationship
The product EI in this equation is referred to as the flexural rigidity

7.3 Slope and Displacement by Integration:
The equation of the elastic curve for a beam can be expressed

mathematically as
Substitute into Equation 1
Equation of the Elastic Curve

EXAMPLE 7.1:
Determine the slope and deflection of end A of the cantilevered beam. E=200 GPa and
6 4
I = 65.0(10 ) mm .
Solution:

EXAMPLE 7.2:
The cantilever beam AB of length L shown in Fig.
1. Derive the equation of the elastic curve. 2. Find max slope and deflection.
Solution:

EXAMPLE 7.3:
The simply supported beam shown in Fig. supports the triangular distributed loading.
Determine its maximum deflection.
Solution:

EXAMPLE 7.4:
The cantilever beam AB of length L shown in Fig. (a) carries a uniformly distributed load w0.
Derive the equation of the elastic curve.

The constants C1 and C2 are obtained from the boundary conditions at end B, which
are:

7.4 Slope and displacement by Moment Area Method

• Another method of determining the slopes and deflections in beams is the Moment-
Area Method, which involves the area of the moment diagram.
• The Moment-Area Method is based on two theorems ,one used to determine the
slope and the other to determine the displacement at a point on the elastic curve

Sign
Conve

ntions

EXAMPLE 7.5:
Determine the slope of the beam shown at
points B. EI is constant.
Solution:
EXAMPLE 7.6:
Determine the displacement of points B and C of beam shown. EI is constant.
Solution:

EXAMPLE 7.7:
Find slope and deflection at point A
Solution:

EXAMPLE 7.8:
Find the slope at point A and maximum deflection.
Solution:
EXAMPLE 7.9:
Determine the maximum deflection of the shaft. EI is constant. The bearings exert only
vertical reactions on the shaft.

Solution:
EXAMPLE 7.10:
For the prismatic beam and loading shown, determine the slope and deflection at end E.
Solution:
Reference Tangent. Since the beam and its loading are symmetric with respect to the
midpoint C, the tangent at C is horizontal and is used as the reference tangent. Referring to
the sketch, we observe that, since 𝜃𝜃𝑐𝑐 =0


EXAMPLE 7.11:
For the beam and loading shown, determine the deflection at end A for the following data:

Solution:


7.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams:

Statically Indeterminate Beams-Double Integration Method (Integration Method)
EXAMPLE 7.12:
The beam is subjected to the distributed loading shown in Fig. Determine the reaction at A. EI
is constant.
Solution:

Chapter Seven - Deflection of Beams (Dr. Abdulkader)

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Mechanics of Materials 2018-2019

2. The elastic Curve

3. Slope and displacement by Integration

4. Slope and displacement by Moment Area Method

5. Statically Indeterminate Beams

Petroleum Engineering Department (DPTE) / 3rd Stage Page 1

• When a structure is loaded its elements deform

The vertical displacement of a structural element under loads

7.2 Elastic Curve:

Petroleum Engineering Department (DPTE) / 3rd Stage Page 2

• The curved shape of a deflected beam is called the elastic curve

Petroleum Engineering Department (DPTE) / 3rd Stage Page 3

Moment – Curvature Relationship

The product EI in this equation is referred to as the flexural rigidity

Petroleum Engineering Department (DPTE) / 3rd Stage Page 4

7.3 Slope and Displacement by Integration:

The equation of the elastic curve for a beam can be expressed

Substitute into Equation 1

Equation of the Elastic Curve

Petroleum Engineering Department (DPTE) / 3rd Stage Page 5

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7.4 Slope and displacement by Moment Area Method

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7.5 Statically Indeterminate Beams:

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