UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED UNDER THE

MIDTERM GROUP PROJECT

ME 7301: MECHANICS

19thDecember 2013

MAN POWERED BLEND MACHINE

Project Supervisor
Dr. S.D.R. RANATHUNGA

Examination Committee
Dr. S.D.R. RANATHUNGA
 CONTENTS

Acknowledgement.....................................................................................................…...1

Introduction......................................................................................................................2

Normal blending action of a blender................................................................................3

System analyzing and methodology.................................................................................4

Project design...................................................................................................................5

Main machine parts..........................................................................................................6

Spiral spring.................................................................................................6

Gear system..................................................................................................7

Turn on and off system...............................................................................10

Improvements..................................................................................................................11
 Acknowledgement

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our course instructor , Dr. S.D.R.
RANATHUNGA , Head of the Department for giving this golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project under the course titled “ Mechanics”.

We also like to thank for our colleagues and all other people who gave their fullest corporation
to do this project successfully.

Thank you again for all who helped us.

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 INTRODUCTION

In our day to day life we are meeting with different activities with the use of
blender. For blending Coconut milk, making Fruit Juice and many other spice.

In the past for blending and grinding purposes. Mortar and pestle was used. But
with the modernization people used to use more efficient machines for blending.

Electric power is used in the blending machines. If the electric power is

unavailable it becomes useless

In our project we have design to overcome this problem by making the blender
machine to rotate with the use of man power. This is a simple, small machine which could
be adjusted to an electric blender.

Here we have included the main mechanic parts, mechanism of functioning and
improvements we can done to increase efficiency of machine.

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 NORMAL BLENDING ACTION OF A BLENDER

A blender is a kitchen and laboratory appliance used to mix food and other substances. A
stationary blender consists of a blender jar with a rotating metal blade at the bottom,
powered by an electric motor in the base. Some powerful models can also crush ice. The
newer immersion blender configuration has a motor on top connected by a shaft to a
rotating blade at the bottom, which can be used with any container.

A blender consists of a housing, motor, blades, and food container. A fan-cooled electric
motor is secured into the housing by way of vibration dampers, and a small output shaft
penetrates the upper housing and meshes with the blade assembly. Usually, a small rubber
washer provides a seal around the output shaft to prevent liquid from entering the motor.
Most blenders today have multiple speeds. As a typical blender has no gearbox the multiple
speeds are often implemented using a universal motor with multiple stator windings and/or
multitapped stator windings. The more modern version of this arrangement is electronic
speed control found on some units.

But our objective is to use it without electric power; at a time electricity is unavailable.

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SYSTEM DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

MAN POWER

POTENTIAL ENERGY
(IN THE SPIRAL SPRING)

GRAE SYSTEM

MECHANICAL
POWER

BLENDER

4
PROJECT DESIGN

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 MAIN MACHINE PARTS

1. Spiral spring
Spiral torsion spring , which are usually made of rectangular section material , are wound
flat, generally with an increasing space between the coils. The torque delivered per revolution
is linear for the first 360 degrees. At great angular rotations, the coils begin to close on the
arbor, and the torque per turn increases rapidly.

πEb𝑡 3 θ
𝑀=
6𝐿
Where

E= Modulus Of elasticity

θ = Angular deflection

L = Length of active material

M = Moment or torque

b = Material width

t = Material thickness

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2. Gear system
A bevel gear is shaped like a right circular cone with most of its tip cut off. When two bevel
gears mesh, their imaginary vertices must occupy the same point. Their shaft axes also
intersect at this point, forming an arbitrary non-straight angle between the shafts. The angle
between the shafts can be anything except zero or 180 degrees. Bevel gears with equal
numbers of teeth and shaft axes at 90 degrees are called mitre gears.

In here we use this type of gear in order to turn the rotating axis 90 degrees.

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A gear train is two or more gear working together by meshing their teeth and turning each
other in a system to generate power and speed. It reduces speed and increases torque. To
create large gear ratio, gears are connected together to form gear trains. They often consist of
multiple gears in the train. The most common of the gear train is the gear pair connecting
parallel shafts. The speed ratio for a pair of meshing gears can be computed from ratio of the
radii of the pitch circles and the ratio of the number of teeth on each gear.

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𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑙
=
𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑙

So, two times of the rotations of B1 wheel is expected for B2 wheel by making B1 wheel to
have teeth double of which B2 wheel has.

𝑁𝐵2 2
=
𝑁𝐵1 1

No.of teeth in C1 wheel is 44 and in C2 wheel is 11. So C2 rotates four times of C1.

𝑁𝐶2 4
=1
𝑁𝐶1

Axis of C2 is directly connected to the axis of C3. So angular speed of C3 is equal to the
angular speed of C2.

Same as C1 and C2 no.of teeth in C3 wheel is 44 and in C4 wheel is 11. So C4 rotates four
times of C3

𝑁𝐶4 4
=
𝑁𝐶3 1

Same as C2 and C3; axis of C4 is directly connected to the axis of C5. So angular speed of
C5 is equal to the angular speed of C4. Here also no.of teeth in C5 wheel is 44 and in C6
wheel is 11. So C6 rotates four times of C5

𝑁𝐶6 4
=
𝑁𝐶5 1

As axis of C6 wheel is connected to the axis of blender; it rotates in an angular speed which
equals to the angular speed of C6.

𝑁𝐶6 128
=
𝑁𝐵1 1

Blender wheel completes 128 rotations when B1 wheel completes one rotation.

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3. Turn on & off system

This mechanism is inserted in this simple machine in order to stop the rotation when we
needed quickly and to save energy. We are able to save extra amount of energy after finishing
the work with the given energy at first and store it to do a work later.

When the lever turns to ‘ON’ state bush hasn’t any contact with the wheel plate. So the wheel
rotates with the energy given by the spring. When the lever turns to ‘OFF’ state bush contacts
with wheel plate and due to friction wheel keeps stopping.

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 IMPROVEMENTS
1. Fixing a paddle which can be rotated by hand, to the spiral instead of the butterfly knob.
By this we are expecting to increase the efficiency with providing less effort on rotating
the spiral.

2. Above action can be also fulfilled by connecting a wire to end of the spiral. By dragging
the wire we are able to rotate the spiral.

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3. To increase or decreasing mechanical gain we can use gear system. By this we are able to
control the speed in our wish. Sometimes high speed is needed for grinding fruits and
spices. Sometimes less speed is needed to grind partially.

REFERENCES:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/blender

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/spring

http://www.youtube.com

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