MODULE 3

SM1 - Drugs – Prevention and Control

This module will focus on the orientation about the
effects, abuse, addiction and management of Drugs
as a condition contained in the Training Modules of
NSTP 1.
• At the end of the session the students would develop a better
understanding of Drug Prevention and Control as well as its
Management Concepts.

• At the session’s end all learners / students will have the appreciation of
the various facets of Drugs, its physical and mental effects In relation to
the community.

• At the end of the session learner’s / students must accomplish an

assessment task, required for under the module.
A. What are Drugs ?
B. What is the Difference Between – Drug Preventions,
Drug Abuse, Drug Addiction, Drug Dependence
C. The Top 10 Drugs and its Effects
D. Overall Effects of Drug Addiction
E. Our Slogan and Battle Cry
A DRUG is any substance that
causes a change in a human’s
physiology or psychology when
consumed
DRUG PREVENTION involves
programs that are designed to
provide the education and support
necessary to diminish drug
dependency in communities, schools
and the workplace. Drug abuse
prevention has become an important
first step in informing specific
individuals about the dangers of
addiction, prevention techniques and
where to find recovery help if it
should be deemed necessary.
Drug Abuse - is when you use
legal or illegal substances in ways
you shouldn't. You might take
more than the regular dose of pills
or use someone else's
prescription. You may abuse
drugs to feel good, ease stress, or
avoid reality.
Addiction is a disease that affects your brain and behavior. When you’re addicted
to drugs, you can’t resist the urge to use them, no matter how much harm the
drugs may cause.

Drug addiction isn’t about just heroin, cocaine, or other illegal drugs. You can get
addicted to alcohol, nicotine, opioid painkillers, and other legal substances.

At first, you may choose to take a drug because you like the way it makes you
feel. You may think you can control how much and how often you use it. But
over time, drugs change how your brain works. These physical changes can last a
long time. They make you lose self-control and can lead you to damaging
behaviors.
DRUG DEPENCENCE - is defined
as a psychic and physical state of
the person characterized by
behavioral and other responses
resulting in compulsions to take a
drug, on a continuous or periodic
basis in order to experience its
psychic effect and at times to
avoid the discomfort of its
absence.
1. Heroin
2. Cocaine
3. Methamphetamine (SHABU)
4. Cracks Cocaine
5. LSD – Lysergic Acid Diethylamide
6. Ecstasy (MDMA)
7. Opium
8. Marijuana
9. Psilocybin Mushroom ( Magic Mushroom)
10. PCP - Phencyclidine
 1. Heroin
Extract directly from opium poppy. It was originally created to help
cure people of addiction to morphine which mimics the action of
endorphins, creating a sense of well-being; the characteristic
euphoria has been described as a “orgasm”. One of the most
common methods of heroin use is via intravenous injection.
 1. Heroin
Effects on the body. Side Effects on the body.
• Obstruct blood • Nausea
vessels • Vomiting
• Brain damage • Fatigue-like symptoms
• Liver damage • Slowed breathing and cold
• Kidney damage • Clammy skin
• Collapsed veins
• Seizures and convulsions
• Respiratory depression
• HIV / AIDS / Hepatitis (sharing
needles)
• Coma
• Death
 2. Cocaine
A Crystalline Tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca
plant. A stimulant of the central nervous system or topical anesthetic and an
appetite suppressant, euphoric sense of happiness and increased energy.

Side Effects on the body. • Loss of appetite • Stroke

• Nausea • Weight loss • Heart failure
• Vomiting • Dehydration • Heart attack
• Cold sweats • Malnutrition • Death
• Restlessness
• Insomnia
• Anxiety
• Rapid heart rate
• Increased blood pressure
• Change in breathing
• Convulsions
 3. Methamphetamine (Shabu)
Street name also called – “Crystal-Meth”, “Boo”, “Chalk”, “Chicken Feed”, “Crank”,
“Cristy”, “Geep”, “Glass”, “Go-Fast”, “Ice”, “Load of Laundry”, “Scootie”, “Shi-shi”,
“Speed”, “Spoosh”, “Zip”, “Poor Mans Cocaine”.
Also called AMPHETAMINE (C10H15N) – “Bennies”, “Benzedrine”, “Dexies”,
“MDA”, “Pep Pills”, -used for weight loss, to stay up all night.

Side Effects on the body.

• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss • Agitation
• Diarrhea • Increase heart rate
• Constipation • Increase blood pressure
• Cramping • Hallucinations
• Insomnia • Convulsions or seizures
• Restlessness • Death
 4. Cracks Cocaine

An extract from cocaine, much more addictive. Street name “Coke”:

Side Effects on the

body.
• Hallucinations of
insects crawling
under the skin
• Severe depression
• Agitated delirium
• Toxic paranoia

Wilky Lao
 Side Effects on the
5. LSD
body.
• Dilated pupils
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) • Higher body
was originally derived from the temperature
fungus ergot, which grows on rye
• Increase heart rate
and other grasses. Street name –
”Acid”. • Increase blood
pressure
• Sweating
• Loss of appetite
• Sleeplessness
• Dry mouth
• Tremors
 6. Ecstasy- MDMA

Also called Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Street name “E”, and “X”.

Side Effects on the body.

• Stimulant
• Hallucination
• Drunk feeling without hangover
 7. Opium

Is a dried milk of the poppy plant and contains morphine

and codeine. Side Effects on the body.
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Abdominal pains
• Cramps
• Insomnia
• Lightheadedness
• Depressed HR /
breathing
• Coma and Death
 8. Marijuana

Street name “Reefer”, “Weed”, “Pot”, “Hashish”, “Cannabis”

Side Effects on the body.
• Paranoia (fear, distrust,
obsession, paranoid, terror)
• Confusion
• Anxiety
• Nausea
• Increase appetite
• Headaches
• Short-term memory loss
• Increase heart rate
Wilky Lao
• Relaxed and talkative
8. Marijuana

Medical Marijuana
 9. Psilocybin Mushrooms
Street name: “Liberties”, “Magics”, “Mushies”, “Liberty cap”, “Psilcybe
semilanceata”, “Psilcybin”, “Shrooms”, “Amani agaric”, “Fly Agaric”

Side Effects on the body.

• Emotional and sensitive
• Dreaming when awake
• Feel sick, tired, stressed out
• Disoriented
• Nervous
• Paranoia
• Severe stomach pains
• Diarrhea
• Liver and heart failure
• Death (due to toxins)
 10. PCP

A PhenCyclohexyl Piperidine, developed as a surgical anesthetic.

Street name “Angel Dust”
Side Effects on the
body.
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Blurred vision
• Drooling
• Loss of balance
• Dizziness
• Illusions
• Hallucination
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Loss of friends

• Conflict in their relationship

with significant others and
friends or even closed
friends

• May suddenly abandon their

old friends and form new
friendship
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Loss of jobs

• Loss of income

Wilky Lao
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Loss of family

• Loss of home

• Conflict in their relationship with parents and relatives

• Risk taking (disrespecting authorities, cutting classes,
conducting inappropriate behavior in public)
Over-all Effects in Addiction:

No self
control
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:
• Loss of self confidence
• Sense of shame and embarrassed
• Increased secrecy and demands for privacy
• Simply lethargic (tired and lazy), uninterested
• A lack of interested in things they previously enjoyed
• Depression and self-loathing (dislike or hatred)
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:
• Unpredictable mood and emotions

• Mood swings or exhibit illicit behavior

• Hyper-energetic
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Skin diseases

• Disturbed sleep
pattern
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Weight loss

• Haggard face

• Disinterested in
social interaction,
sex and food
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Affects health

• Affects hygiene
• Affects mental
status
• Cardiovascular
inflammation of
the heart lining
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:
• Repetitive activities
• Stealing
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Over dosed

• Body reaction such as (withdrawal

sickness, nausea, vomiting, irritability,
hot flashes, cold sweats)
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Pusher
CRIME
• Supplier
• Manufacturing
INVOLVEMENT
Over-all Effects in Addiction:
ARRESTS
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:
• Unpredictable anger • Violent behavior
• Suicidal thoughts • Homicidal
 Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Heinous Crime
Over-all Effects in Addiction:

• Death
• Physical
Features
Change
due to
Long Term
Drug Use
• Philippine Drug Enforcement Administration (www.pdea.gov.ph)

• WebMD Drugs Education (www.webmd.com)

• Center for Disease Control (www.cdc.gov)

• International Public Safety Association (www.ipsa.org)

• Philippine Red Cross (www.pnrc.gov.ph)

• Merriam-Websters Medical Dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

• Wikipedia (en.Wikipedia.org)
Our Slogan
and
Battle Cry !
MODULE 3
SM2 - Alcoholism
This module will focus on the orientation about the effects,
abuse, addiction and management of Alcoholism as a
condition contained in the Training Modules of NSTP 1.
• At the end of the session the students would develop a learnings and
acquire the knowledge about alcohol and its effects, management and
the concepts of alcohol addiction.

• At the session’s end all learners / students will have the appreciation of
the various facets of Alcoholism as a condition.

• At the end of the session learner’s / students must accomplish an

evaluation as part of the performance assessment tasks.
Part 1. Concepts in Alcoholism

A. Introduction
B. Alcoholism and its Factors
C. Alcohol Abuse and its Effects in our Body
D. Physical Manifestations of Alcohol Abuse
 As man progressed in his quest, he discovered and
learned about Alcohol, derived from fermentation and
processing of fruit extracts with methanol as an end
product, though taken in minimal doses creates a
melancholy and depressive state for some or wild and
rowdy attitude in others.

Thus, taken in moderations the effects easily wear

off, but for some the constant intake has become more of
an addiction rather than a means for socialization.
 Family history of alcoholism
 Age of the person when started drinking
 Gender of the person
 Quantity and frequency of drinking
 Health status of the person
1. Central Nervous System
2. Liver
3. Blood
4. Gastrointestinal Tract
5. Muscles
6. Endocrine System
7. Short – term body effects
8. Long – term body effects
Central Nervous System (CNS)
1. Emotional
2. Sensory function
3. Judgment
4. Memory loss
5. Learning ability
6. Sense of smell and taste are dull
7. Capacity to tolerate pain
8. Confusion
9. Tolerance
10. Dependency
11. Impaired intellectual functioning
12. Disruption of sensory and motor controls
13. Breathing and heart action are affected
 Liver
With small amount of alcohol, the liver is able to cleanse the body of toxins. However,
when the amount of alcohol is high, imbalances occur and the person may suffer from
Alcohol Liver Disease (ALD).

- Hypoglycemia
(low blood sugar)
- Hyperuricemia
(as in arthritis or gout)
- Fatty liver
(which may lead to alcohol hepatitis or cirrhosis)
- Hyperlipemia
(built-up of fats sent to the bloodstream,
which leads to heart problems)
 Blood

- Breaking of capillaries
and blood vessels

- Hemorrhage

- Anemia

- Reduced immunity to infections

- Sedation of the bone marrow

(reduction in the red and white blood counts that
weakens the bone structure)
Gastrointestinal Tract

- Gastric and intestinal or stomach ulcers

- Alcohol can prompt the

pancreas to produce insulin
which causes a rapid drop in
blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
that resulted in diabetes.
 Muscles
- Reduces blood flow to the muscles,
including the heart

- Weaken and deteriorate

the heart muscle

- Skeletal muscle damages

due to excessive alcohol
consumption

- Affects muscle growth hormone

during sleeping hours

- Hangover Muscular Pains / Aches

 Endocrine System
The Endocrine System controls the body’s hormones. One of the side
effects of alcohol consumption:

• Decrease in the production of hormones (hormones imbalance)

• Susceptible to allergies
• Increase of the “female hormone” estrogen, and the
consequent development of features such as enlarged breast
and a decrease in body hair.
• Cause infertility bin both men and women
• Weight gain
• Poor skin and brittle hair and nails
• Dizziness
• A never ending addiction
 Short - term body effects

•Vomiting (alcohol and antibiotics compete for similar metabolic enzymes) • Lack of concentration
•Nausea • Mood swings
•Headache • Decrease tendency to react
• Irritability
•Drowsiness • Excessive social and anti-
•Stomach upset social activities
•Stumbling movement • Initially helps social phobia
•Tremors or panic symptoms
•Excessive happiness
•Excessive anger
•Animated speech or talking
•memory loss
•Cognitive and Dementia (impaired memory / amnesia –failure to carry out task)
Long - term body effects

•Anemia (anemic)
•Sleep apnea (insomnia)
•Jaundice
•Diabetes
•Liver cancer
•Hepatitis
•Breast cancer
•Hypertension
•Stroke
•Heart attack
•Congested Heart Failure (CHF)
•Alcohol Lung Disease (ALD)
•Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Long - term body effects
•Gastritis (stomach inflammation)
•Pancreatitis
•Kidney failure
•Rheumatoid arthritis / gout
•Osteoporosis (bone density)
•Skin diseases
•Bacterial infection (immune deficiency)
•Cancer (esophagus, respiratory, gastrointestinal, brain, heart,
liver and gallbladder)
•Alzheimer’s disease
•Depressive disorder / syndrome
•Psychosis disorder (due to intoxication and withdrawal)
•Sexual dysfunction (impotence to men)
•Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (during pregnancy)
 Over-all Effects in Intoxication:

Wobbly Gait,
Blurred Vision,
Motor Reflexes
Are Slow
 Over-all Effects in Intoxication:

Drowsiness – an
effect of Alcohol
Intake in the
Young.
 Over-all Effects in Intoxication:

Physical
Violence Against
Women and
Children
 Over-all Effects in Intoxication:

Rowdy Behavior
and Wanton
Disregard for
Safety
Over-all Effects in Intoxication:
Over-all Effects in Intoxication:

Can Lead to
Arrests and
Incarceration /
Imprisonment
Over-all Effects in Intoxication:

Can Lead to
Death and
Accidents
Prison Cart in the 1970’s Used to
Parade Drunkards in Metro Manila
 Reminder :
Drink in
Moderation !
 Reminder :
Drink in
Moderation !
• Alcoholics Anonymous Philippines (www.aaphilippines.com)

• American Heart Association (www.aha.org)

• Center for Disease Control (www.cdc.gov)

• International Public Safety Association (www.ipsa.org)

• Philippine Red Cross (www.pnrc.gov.ph)

• Merriam-Websters Medical Dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

• Wikipedia (en.Wikipedia.org)
MODULE 3
SM3 - Smoking
This module will focus on the orientation about Smoking,
it’s effects, it’s causes and predispositions, management
and safety facets. As contained in the Modules of NSTP 1.
• At the end of the session the students would develop a better
understanding of the different facets of smoking.

• At the session’s end all learners / students will have the appreciation of
the various effects and outcomes of Smoking.

• At the end of the session learner’s / students must create an accomplish

the associated assessment task under the module as presented.
Smoking
A. What is Smoking ?
B. Influencing Factors Associated with Smoking
C. Contents of a Cigarette
D. Effects of Smoking to a Person
E. General Effects of Smoking in the Body
F. Avoidance of Smoking
Smoking is a practice in
which a substance is burned
and the resulting smoke is
breathed in to be tasted and
absorbed into the
bloodstream.
All these factors contribute and influence Smoking :

 Family history of smoking

 Age of the person when he / she started smoking

 Gender of the person

 Quantity and frequency of smoking

Birth Defects on
babies may
develop as well
as affect the
Mother as well.

Low Birth Weight

Heart Problems
Physical Defects
Second Hand Smoke –
is much more deadly
and fatal to others
rather than the person
who smokes.
 It weakens the Immune System
 It increases the visibly Signs of Aging
 It causes Infertility
 It weakens your Bones
 It makes your Blood Thicker
 It destroy Lungs Tissues
 It encourage Cancer Cell Growth
 It increase the risks of Stroke, and

 It increase the risks of Heart Attack

Persons whom have suffered from
Throat Cancer and have been
Surgically Operated on by
Doctors in order to create a
STOMA.
Autopsied View of a Person
whose Lungs are already full of
the deadly components of
cigarettes and tobacco smoking
 Be Educated on the ill effects of smoking and vaping
 Just plainly say NO
 Avoid places where people smoke and vape
 Follow Smoking Laws
 Smoking is an Addiction thus do attend support group sessions
 Limit Tobacco and Cigarette Makers in production
 Increase taxation and imposition of fines
 Find alternative healthy means and methods in association with
Smoking
• National Tobacco Administration (NTA) (www.nta.da.gov.ph)

• World Health Organization (www.who. org)

• Center for Disease Control (www.cdc.gov)

• International Public Safety Association (www.ipsa.org)

• Philippine Red Cross (www.pnrc.gov.ph)

• Merriam-Websters Medical Dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

• Wikipedia (en.Wikipedia.org)