Name : Melesse Bisema Dessie

ID: MTR/226/12
Submitted to: Dr. TVRmana
 1) Define research & discuss the objectives of research in detail
Research is a logical and systematic search for new and useful information on a
particular topic. It is an investigation of finding solutions to scientific and social problems
through objective and systematic analysis.

Main objectives of research are:

To discover new facts

Example : Innovating a new thing
To verify and test important facts
To analyse an event or process or phenomenon to identify the cause and effect
relationship
Example: assessing impact of education on infant feeding
To develop new scientific tools, concepts and theories to solve and understand scientific
and non-scientific problems
Example: developing Alcohol sensor to identify drunk drivers
To overcome or solve the problems occurring in our everyday life.
Example: developing vaccine for covid-19

2) Differentiate between the descriptive & analytical research methods

Descriptive vs. Analytical research:

Descriptive research includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds while in
analytical research, on the other hand, the researcher has to use facts or information already
available, and analyse these to make a critical evaluation of the material

3) How do you identify a research problem? Discuss the steps involved in the
investigation process.

A person who wants to conduct a research can get its problem (can identify problems) from the
following sources. These are like Theory of one’s own interest, Daily problems, Technological
changes, recent trends, unexplored areas and Discussion with experts and research supervisor.

After identifying a problem, in order to solve it, it has to be defined and formulated properly.
For this purpose, one can execute the following.

 State the problem in questionnaire form or in an equivalent form

 Specify the problem in detail and in precise terms
 List the assumptions made
 Remove the ambiguities, if any, in the statement of the problem
 Examine the feasibility of a particular solution
4) Write down types of research
Research is broadly classified into two main classes:
1. Fundamental or basic research
2. Applied research
Basic research is an investigation on basic principles and reasons for occurrence of a
particular event or process or phenomenon.
Basic research leads to a new theory or a new property of matter or even the existence of
a new matter, the knowledge of which has not been known or reported earlier.
For example, Basic research on
 astronomy may leads to identification of new planets or stars in our galaxy,
 elementary particles results in identification of new particles,
 complex functions may leads to new patterns or new properties associated with
them,
 chemical reactions leads to development of new compounds, new properties of
chemicals, mechanism of chemicals reactions, etc.,
 Structure, contents and functioning of various parts of human body helps us
identify the basis for certain diseases.

Applied Research: In an applied research one solves certain problems employing well
known and accepted theories and principles
The basic and applied researches can be quantitative or qualitative or even both.
Therefore both of them can further divided as follow
 Quantitative research
 Qualitative research
 Mixed research
 Exploratory research
 Descriptive research
 Longitudinal research
 Cross sectional research
 Action research etc
 5) Research methods versus methodology

Key Differences between Research Method and Research Methodology

The differences between research method and research methodology can be drawn clearly on
the following grounds:

I. The research method is defined as the procedure or technique applied by the

researcher to undertake
II. Research. On the other hand, research methodology is a system of methods, used
scientifically for solving the research problem.
III. The research method is nothing but the behaviour or tool, employed in selecting and
building research technique. Conversely, research methodology implies the science of
analysing, the manner in which research is conducted appropriately.
IV. The research method is concerned with carrying out experiment, test, surveys,
interviews, etc. As against this, research methodology is concerned with learning various
techniques which can be employed in the performance of experiment, test or survey.
V. Research method covers various investigation techniques. Unlike, research
methodology, which consists of complete approach aligned towards the attainment of
purpose.
VI. Research method intends to discover the solution to the problem at hand. In contrast,
research methodology aspires to apply appropriate procedures, with a view to
ascertaining solutions.
6) Explain about research proposal and its format
The Research Proposal is a complete description of the intended research, developed under the
supervision of the assigned supervisor. It is prepared before starting of the actual research work.
Through the full proposal, the student needs to demonstrate convincingly that the study will make
a contribution to a particular research problem. The full research proposal must be between 5 and
10 pages and should present the following: