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INTRODUCTORY E

distributed
on
a
the centre of mass f the dis
c e n t r e
r

t h r o u g h

disc.
the
p a s s i n g
u n i f o r m l y

axis of
is m o m e n t

q an

ant-
(angular mome
charge about
. A w m a g n e t i c
moment=

speed

Oert
M a g n e t i c

a n g u l a r the
Find distribution:
plane.
to its
charge o of
20A
cm

Forany of 8.0
aivent

loop is giveniby 0.60i-080

Hint: radius

having
a o f the
Mof
M 0i
of wire
loop of Wie
a
dipole
moment
m o m e n t

(O.25 T) i + (0.30 .30 T)k find,

circular
by B
circular =
the
2. A parallel
to
given
and field
ength magnetic
uniform

ocated in and
loop loop.
on the of the
the torgue energy
that if t
the wire is formed
wire is formed nto a crola
(8) potential
when the
Show

(6) the
magnetic
current i. the coil has
of wire
carries a
magnetic
field is
developed

one tur
3. A lengthL
torque
in a given t =L I B / 4 T .
maximum magnitude
has the
is oriented initially with ts
initially
maximum
torque
1.45 A-m the change mary
4. A coil with
magnetic
uniform
moment

0.835
Tmagnetic
field. Whati
moment
parallel
otential
o l eene
the ffielc
is parallel to the
antiparallel to
a magnetic
that its
rotated 180° so
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Law
5.7 Biot Savartarticles, discussed the
magnetic force
exerted on a
a

magnetic field. To
we
In the preceding conductor n a
and current carrying the next article
charged particle interaction, this and
magnetic
complete the description of the field. As in electrostatics,
there are two
deals with the origin of the magnetic
One is Coulomb's law
the electric field at some point.
methods of calculating and the another is Gauss's
which gives the electric field due to point charge
a

law which is useful in calculating the electric

field ofa highly symmetric
configuration of charge. Similarly, in magnetics, there are basically two
methods ofcalculating magnetic field at some point. One is Biot Savart law
Fi
which gives the magnetic field due to an infinitesimally small current
carrying wire at some point and the another is Ampere's law, which is useful ino
magnetic field of a highly symmetric configuration carrying a steady current.
We begin by showing how to the law of Biot and Savart to calculate the magnene-
use
at some point in
space by a small current element. Using this formalism and
superposition, we then calculate the total magnetic field due to various current listril-
From their u
experimental results, Biot and Savart arrived at a "essior

magnetic field at some point in space in mathematical Th=

terms of the current that
baseda on the folowing experimental observations for the produces the
with length element dl of a wire magnetic field dB a aP
carrying a steady current i.