2.

DEFENCE
Tuesday, November 19 2019, 4:19 PM

DRDO: 
1. Swati: mobile artilary locating radar. Range of 50Km => can detect all artillery guns presently in
sevice worldwide under coverage
2. Ashwin: Advanced air defense sys, endo atmospheric (only US, Russia and Israel have)
3. Netra: AEWC system (currently using Phalcon from Israel) (only US, Russia and Israel have)
4. PINAKA Mark ll: rocket LAUNCHER (DRDL, etc.). Recently updated => now it is a guided
version
5. Smart Anti Airfield Weapon (SAAW)
6. Sonar systems: Abhay, Humsa UG, NACS, AIDSS

Trishul Short Range IGMDP

Surface to Air (upto 12km, 15kg payload, delinked)

Akash Medium Range IGMDP

Surface to Air
(QRSAM will be replacing this)
upto 30km, SUPERSONIC
targets at altitude of 20km
55kg warhead
ALL weather
neutralise multiple aerial targets
powered by Ramjet rocket propulsion
system
indigenous radio frequency seeker

Barak 8 / LRSAM Long range India - Israel Collaboration

(Long Range Surface to Air Simultaneous engagment on multiple
Surface to Air 500m - 70Km (NOW targets in all weather conditions
Missile) 100Km)
Mach 2

NASAMA (National To be acquired from Norway

Advance Surface to
Air Missile System-
II)

NAG Anti-tank Missile, fire IGMDP

and forget can be launched from land (NAMICA -
3-7km Nag Missle Carrier) and air (HELINA -
Helicopter launched NAG)
air based range of 7Km and land based 4Km

Amogha I Anti- Tank Missile

Milan-2T* Anti-tank Missile French 2nd gen
Range 2Km to be produced in India

Prithvi Short Range Has Army, Airforce and Naval version

Surface to Surface Dhanush- navy version
Nuclear Capable
India's first indigenously developed
ballistic missile
(upto 500km, upto 1000kg payload)

Agni Medium to Nuclear Capable

Intercontinental Can be launched from a canister
Ballistic missiles (Agni-V) 
Surface to Surface (upto 5000km, upto 2000kg payload)
Agni V - 5000km range, 1000 kg
warhead, fire and forget

Shaurya  Short to intermediate Nuclear capable 

Range Tactical cruise Canister based launch 
Missile  hypersonic
Surface to Surface for armed forces

Astra Beyond Visual Range 60 km range, shot kill probability

Air to Air Missile (reliable)
indigenous all weather, radar homing
high manoeuver, targets at supersonic
speed
launch from sea level to 20km

Brahmos Missile - 290 km range Ramjet Cruise Missile

CRUISE MISSILE SUPER Sonic (2.8-3 2 stage - 1st solid fuel, 2nd Ramjet
Mac) liquid propellant
Russian collab Nuclear warhead
world’s fastest anti- Fire and forget
ship cruise missile in multi platform - Can be launched from
operation ship, land or submarine (India is the
only country to have)
Inducted into army, navy. Air version
tested recently (on sukhoi)

Nirbhay - CRUISE Long Range(1000- Cruise Missile

MISSILE 1500km) Nuclear warhead
LR SUB Sonic (0.7 Fire and forget - can maneuver, hover
Mac) - only sub sonic around target
 one may be, rest all
supersonic
Indigenous(DRDO)
Only 1 test successful
out of 4
can engage several
targets in a single
flight.
ARM (Anti Development Phase
Radiation Missile)
SRSAM (Short Planning phase
Range Surface to To be jointly dev by
Air Missile) DRDO and France
QRSAM (Quick by DRDO + Bharat
Reaction Surface Electronics
to Air Missile) tested successfully
Maitri missile (a type of
QRSAM)
MRSAM (medium by India and Israel
range Surface to land version of LRSAM
Air Missile) of Navy
K4 Missile Under Development by
DRDO
intermediate range
AIR Defence two tiered air defence 1. Prithvi Air Defence - 50-80 kms in
System/ system
Ballistic Missile 2. Aswin Air Defence - 20-40 kms in
defence
NETRA Indigenously built by
DRDO
Airborne Early
Warning and Control
System
Stealth->can avoid detection from
radar by flying at tree top height (as
low as 100m)
all weather
launch from muliple platforms
Indian version of the American Tomhawk
It has blended missile and aeronautical
technologies which allows it to take off
vertically like a missile and cruise
horizontally like an aircraft
Detects and Attacks enemy radio
emission source.
Enemy Radar, Jammer etc
Mach -3 class missile
cannister based
army, air and navy all can use
30km range
all weather, network centric
search on the move
multiple targets
truck mounted, 360 rotatable
turret based launch, solid fuel propellant
70km range
SUPERSONIC
all weather
360 mobile
Fired from Arihant (nuclear) submarine
Nuclear warhead capable
atmosphere (exo)
atmosphere (endo)
AEW&C are airborne radar systems
mounted on a carrier jet for airborne
surveillance system i.e. to detect and
track aircraft, missiles, ships and
 vehicles and provide command and
control to direct friendly forces.
Currently using Phalcon AEW&C from
Israel

Lakshya and Drone System

Nishant
Rustom (Tapas)
and Aura - combat
capable

INS Arighat* similiar to Arihant

INS Arihant and Arihant - Indigenous Nuclear powered submarine

INS Chakra (inducting this made us both currently damaged 
a nuclear triad) Arihant also under ATV Project
Chakra - Russian (on can carry K4, K15
lease)
Nuclear triad: Agni, Prithvi
(Army), Sukhoi 30MKI,
Mirage 2000 (IAF)

INS Aridhaman 2nd Arihant class indigenous - DRDO

nuclear powered can carry 8 K4s (check above)
submarine (India 6th more powerful than arihant
country after P5) Under Project Adv Tech Vessel
can also be used for
underwater
communications

INS Kalvari Scorpene class Diesel Powered

& INS Khanderi submarine
Indigenously built
Project 75

Varunastra* heavy weight ship launched Indigenous

anti-submarine electric
torpedo

MICA missiles Its country of origin is an anti-air multi-target, all weather, fire-
France and-forget short and medium range
missile system. 

Swati Indigenously developed by Weapon Locating Radar (WLR) system

DRDO can also direct artillery response
based on the incoming enemy fire
 range of 50 km
all artillery guns presently in service
worldwide under its coverage

Smart Anti- Indigenously developed by is capable of engaging ground targets

Airfield Weapon DRDO with high precision up to a range of 100
(SAAW) kms.
The light weight high precision guided
bomb is one of the world class weapons
systems.
destroy bunkers, runways, hangers etc
hit targets across borders without putting
pilot or aircraft at risk

Muntra developed by DRDO India's 1st unmanned remotely operated tank

3 variants -> Muntra S is for surveillance M is
for Mines, Muntra N is for nuclear, biological
and chemical (NBC) reconnaissance. 

Avangard Missle
by Russia
ICBM, upto Mach 20
1st operational hypersonic glide vehicle system

Chinook Helicopters
procurement from US
multi role, vertical lift platform for lifting troops, cargo, disaster mgmt etc.

Gripen - E: Fighter aircraft from Sweden under Make in India

NASAMA - Norway

*Dhanush - 1st Artillery gun to be produced in India

Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD)

aka iron dome
two-layered - BMD consists of two interceptor missiles
1.
Prithvi Defence Vehicle (PDV) for exo-atmospheric ranges 50-80Km and
2.
Advanced Area Defence (AAD aka Ashwin by DRDO) missile for endo-atmosphere or lower
altitudes of <30Km

to shoot down long-range enemy missiles

DRDO expects to have shield ready for deployment by 2022
Only United States, Russia and Israel are in the same league - india 4th country
AIR FORCE

Air Craft Carriers of India <all these built for Indian Navy ie why INS>
INS Vikrant (R11) - India's first aircraft carrier (decommissioned in 1997)
INS Viraat - 2nd aircraft carrier (decommissioned in 2016)
INS Vikramaditya - Currently in use 
IAC-1 Vikrant (2013) - Currently under construction - first indigenous aircraft

LCA Tejas
Light Combat Aircraft, Weaponised fighter jet
single seat, single engine, can refuel mid air
NOT the 1st indigenous aircraft of IAF - earlier HF-24 Marut
world's smallest and lightest supersonic fighter aircraft in its class
limited reach, close to ground air operations

DRONES OF INDIA: 
DRDO producing UAVs under 'Project Muntra'. 
1. NISHANT is a
1.
UAV developed by DRDO primarily for the Indian Army with an endurance period of 4 hrs and
30 minutes.
2.
It is primarily tasked with intelligence gathering over enemy territory and also for
reconnaissance, training, surveillance, target designation, artillery fire correction, damage
assessment, etc.
2. TAPAS 201 (RUSTOM-II)
1.
India's indigenously developed long-endurance combat-capable drone is a Medium Altitude
Long Endurance (MALE) UAV.
2.
It has an endurance of 24 hours and can conduct surveillance and reconnaissance missions
for the country's armed forces.
3.
The UAV can also be used as an unmanned armed combat vehicle on the lines of the US's
Predator drone.
4.
can fly upto an altitude of 22k feet

3. AURA
1.
is an autonomous unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV), being developed by the DRDO for
the Indian Air Force and Indian Navy.
2.
The UCAV will be capable of releasing missiles, bombs and precision guided munitions. The
programme is in its project definition stage.
4. LAKSHAYA
1.
is a Pilotless Target Aircraft (PTA).
 2.
It is a reusable aerial target system or an Indian Remotely piloted high speed target drone
system developed by the Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) of DRDO for
Indian Armed Forces.
5. Panchi: It wheeled version of UAV Nishant (by ADE)
6. Daksh: It is a land based drone used for bomb disposal developed by DRDO

INDIAN NAVY
 
Aryaman and Atulya: Navy Fast Patrol Vessels (Indian Coast Guard Ships) (in news)
INS Vikramaditya : latest and largest Aircraft Carrier, made with Russian support

Water jet fast attack crafts:  in order of commission

1. Tarmugli, Tihayu (2016)
2. Tillangchang (2017)
3. Tarasa (earlier also one ship was named Tarasa, gifted to Seychelles)- under Western naval
command
all 3 built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders, Kolkata
for surveillance, rescue, disaster relief etc

Indian Coast Guard

established in 1978 by the Coast Guard Act
under the aegis of Union Ministry of Defence
ICG has jurisdiction over the territorial waters of India including its contiguous zone and exclusive
economic zone (EEZ)
protects country’s maritime interests and enforces maritime law
Offshore Patrol Vehicles -> Shaurya (there is a missle also by same name)

ShinMaywa US 2i
1. India is likely to purchase Japanese amphibious airplanes, the ShinMaywa US 2i.
2. The aircraft will be helpful in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief especially in Andaman &
Nicobar Islands and in Lakshadweep, where no regular landing strips exist currently.
3. It is designed for search and rescue operation not combat role.

Naval Modernisation Project P-28 (Kamorta class): indigenous -> anti submarine warfare

corvettes
1. INS Kamorta
2. INS Kadmatt
3. INS Kiltan (recently commissioned) - 1st major ship to be built of C-fiber => low weight and high
stealth; Named after coral island in Lakshadweep.
4. INS Kavaratti - under construction

SUBMARINES:
 Submarine arm of IN celebrated 50 yrs (2017)
Conventional submarines: INS Kalvari, INS Chakra (10yr lease), INS Arihant (ballistic missile
submarine), INS Arighat (new one)
INS Arihant part of the Indian Navy's secretive Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) project
Project 75:

Six submarines are being built at MazagonDock Limited (MDL) in collaboration with DCNS
of France

INS Kalvari - 1st commissioned (fire 18 torpedos, travel 1k+ Km, dive 300m)

INS Khanderi - 2nd, (launched in Jan 2017)

INS Karanj (latest launched)

NON NUCLEAR

can launch precision guided weapons, torpedoes, anti-ship missiles, whilst underwater or

on surface.

Good Stealth features 

Anti- Surface warfare, Anti-Submarine warfare, Intelligence gathering, Mine Laying, Area

Surveillance etc.

designed to operate in all theatres including tropics

vertical launch sys => can carry Brahmos

diesel-electric attack submarines, with advanced air independent propulsion => stay
submerged for longer, greater operational range

3 more - Vela, Vagir and Vagsheer

NUCLEAR TRIAD:
Indigenously built strategic nuclear submarine INS Arihant => India becomes sixth country 
Means capable of delivering nuclear weapons by aircraft, ballistic missiles and submarine
launched missiles
Others: Russia, United States, United Kingdom, France and China (P5).
It includes Agni series, Prithvi series, Prahaar Missile, Shaurya Missile, supersonic
Brahmos and subsonic Nirbhay missiles. 
Prahaar (recently tested) : surface to surface short range, tactical ballistic missle (150Km). Solid propellant,
Mach 2 speed

MILLITARY EXERCISES
INDIA +  ARMY NAVY AIR
USA Yudh Abhyaas Malabar (Japan also Red Flag
Vajra Prahar joined it)

Japan Malabar, Sahyog- SHINYUU Maitri

Kaijin
JIMEX

UK Ajeya Warrior KONKAN INDRADHANUSH

Australia AUSIndex

France Shakti Varuna Garuda

Russia INDRA (Triservice Aviaindira

exercise in 2017- 1st
time)

Israel Blue Flag (multilateral)

China Hand in Hand

SriLanka Mitra Shakti SLINEX

Nepal Surya Kiran

Bangladesh Sundarban Moitry (

BSF + Bangla Guard
Force)
AND 
Sampriti

Myanmar IMBAX (in meghalaya)

/IMBEX

Indonesia CORPAT

Malaysia Cobra Gold ( Many Harimau Shakti (not

other countries of sure if navy only)
Asia Pacific) -
thailand, china, us,
south korea

Singapore SIMBEX

Seychelles LAMITYE

Maldives EKUVERIN

Mongolia Nomadic Elephant

Kazakhstan Khanjar
 Oman Naseem Al Bahr

UAE Desert Eagle 

Brazil, SA IBSAMAR

for littoral navies- by MILAN (Maldives

A&N command declined to join)- also
MILES-18

Paschim Leher (XPL)- Samvedna - first multilateral

western naval command Humanitarian Assistance and
operational readiness in Disaster Relief exercise of IAF.
Arabian sea With S.Asia region
(SL,Bdesh,Nepal,UAE) , at
Kerala

Vietnam SAHYOG HOP TAG

(India and Vietnam Coast
guards)

Cutlass Express 2019 - Maritime forces from East Africa, West Indian Ocean nations, Europe, and US
Operation Nistar - to bring back Indians from Yemen (Scotora Island) after Cyclone Mekunu
Operation Samudra Maitri - Assist tsunami survivors in Indonesia (central Sulawesi)

Vijay Prahar - Indian army and Indian Navy

Exercise Sea Vigil - Indian CG, navy, army, air force
Exercise Thopchi - Indian army

Operation RAHAT Indian army and NDMA for humanitarian assisstance

TROPEX Indian Navy's Annual Theatre Readiness Operational Exercise. It

is aimed at testing combat readiness of the combined fleets of the
Indian Navy, and the assets of the Indian Army, Indian Air
Force and Indian Coast Guard.

RIMPAC (Rim of the Pacific 2016 held in Hawaii. Indian indigenous ship Satpura
Exercise) participated. It is World’s largest international maritime
exercise which is held in western pacific region.

Rim of Pacific Multinational 26th edition hosted by US

Naval Exercise World's largest set of maritime war games
India, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Israel and Vietnam - participated for the 1st
time
China was dis-inivted by US for aggression in SCS
India was observer in 2006, 2010, 12

** Not related to Defence but sound Similar 

Samudra Pehredar - Joint India and SL exercise - Oil spill prevention exercise
JalRahat Exercise - Assam and Armed forces of India for disaster preparedness during floods
Exercise Prakampana - Indian navy for preparedness in case of super cyclone
Sagar Purvi - Coastal Research Vessel to study about ocean parameters along the coastal waters of
India. CRV Sagar Purvi was deployed for implementing various programmes of Ministry of Earth
Sciences

 Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (by DRDO, Ordinance factory board)

1. Prithvi missile system (surface-surface ballistic) - short 
2. Agni missile system (surface-surface ballistic) - med to intercontinental
3. Trishul missile system (surface-air) - short
4. Akash missile system (surface-air) - medium
5.  Nag missile system (anti-tank, fire and forget)

In 1990s the programme was expanded to include Sagarika / K-15 (nuclear, submarine launched
ballistic missile, 750km, INS arihant), Dhanush (naval version of Prithvi III, 350km) and Surya (
speculated as ICBM) missiles. In 2008 DRDO announced the successful completion of the
program.

General defense funda

A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a ballistic trajectory with the objective of delivering one
or more warheads to a predetermined target. A ballistic missile is only guided during relatively
brief periods of flight (there are unguided ballistic missiles as well) and most of its trajectory is
unpowered and governed by gravity and air resistance if in the atmosphere.
This contrasts to a cruise missile, which is aerodynamically guided in powered flight. Unmanned
self-propelled GUIDED vehicle. Use Aerodynamic lift and within atomsphere for most part.
Long range intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM) spend most of their flight out of the
atmosphere. Shorter range ballistic missiles stay within the Earth's atmosphere
Stealth: makes detection by radar difficult
Torpedo: cigar-shaped, underwater missile 
Fire and Forget: It means the missile guidance does not require further guidance after the launch and still hit
the target without the launcher being in line-of-sight of the target.