EXAMPI..

E 1: Step 2: Mark the conduit at is aligned with the arrow

CONDUIT BENDING Make a 12" stub-up. The end 7" from the end of the mark on the bender.
Conduit bending can be learned and mastered quickly knowing a few basic of the conduit should be 12" conduit (X) with a fine
formulas and techniques. Electricians that know how to bend conduit correctly in height after the bend is point permanent marker Step 4: Holding the bender
rather than by trial and error set themselves apart and will save much time and made. To make a 90 ° stub
energy. up two things are needed: completely around the with one hand , place one
Remember HOST conduit. foot on the conduit and
This Ouick-card is designed to assist electricians in the field who bend conduit 1. Height of Stub BENDlNG THE CONDUIT one foot on the foot pedal.
with diameters of 112" to 6". While hydraulic benders may be used with large 2. Take-up of bender Step 3: Lay the bender and Bend the conduit up to the
size conduit, the same formulas and techniques will work on all sizes of MEASURlNG THE CONDUIT conduit on a hard surface. 90 ° mark on the side of the
conduit. This Ouick-Card references only l/Z-inch EMT in these examples for Step 1: Use 112" EMT. Measure With the hook of the bender bender, exerting constant
simplicity so that the electrician may practice with a length of l/Z-inch EMT 12" from the end of the and yourself facing the end pressure on the foot pedal
and recreate these examples. conduit and subtract take-up you measured from (X) , slide throughout the full bend.
A series of acronyms is used to remind the electrician of what information is in inches for 112" EMT. the conduit into the hook of the The foliowlng dlagrams
needed for different kinds of bends. For example, for a 90° stub-up two 12" - 5" = 7". shoe until the pencil mark at 7". lliustrate the steps.
things are needed:
1) Height of Stub and 2) Take-up of bender- HOST. Others are summarized MEASUREMENT POSITION OF BENOER RESULT
as follows and will be explained later. Back-to-back bends - HOST, Offsets
bends - HAMS, Segment bends - RAM, Concentric bends - RAMOO, Parallel Bend 1
(Pencil Mark)

bends - HAMOO.
TYPES OF BENDERS
A Roll-type - is most commonly used for bending EMT sizes 112" -1114". These 1: 7" I
S"
benders have two parts, the handle and the shoe of the bender. The shoe X 12" (STUB LENGTH) y
has markings on it that are used for different kinds of bends and markings to
measure the angels of bends.
A Hi~key is used for rigid conduit only. The persa n using this bender makes a BACK·TO-BACK
senes of small bends to form the specific radius desired. This must be done Another common type of bend
carefully so as not to distort or kink the conduit while bending. that electnclans make IS the
back-to-back bend. A back-
to-~ack bend IS slmply two
ROLL-TYPE BENDER SYMBOLS ON DlFFERENT HEADS
90 bends"s~aced apart
90 ° stulrup 3-point Saddle Back to Back formmg a U shape. Wlde
back-to-back bends use the
Tear Drop Star star mark on the bender. Close
Arrow back-to back bends use the
Notches on Boltom of Shoe "B"Mark arrow mark on the bender.
"A" Mark EXAMPLE 2: think STAR
Wide back-to-back bends.
Make a back-to-back bend
with ab 16" stub anbd a 24"
TYPICAL MARKINGS ON A CONOUIT BENOER span etween stu S.
Ke Point ___ 2nd bend ___
Foot Pedal y ..
reverses dlrectlon of bender by
I facmg the opposite end from
whlch you measured (Y) and
use star mark. To make back-
to-back bends two thlngs are
Arrow: needed:
lor 90 ° stubs, offset bends,
and the outer marks 01 a BENO 1
3-point saddle Back- Bend 1
to-
Back
Arrow
~
fL
Arrow o o
C\lA
:1 1: 7" I S" :1
..-¡
1~
STUB
"
X 12" Y
Remember HOST Make the bend foliowing the
1. Height Of Stub technique from Example 1.
2. Take-up of bender MEASURING THE CONDUIT
MEASURlNG THE CONDUIT Step 4: Measure 24" from
Step 1; Use a 10 foot stick the back of the stub you
of 112" EMT and cut it in half. just made.
Using one half stick, bend a BENO 2-Bendlng the candult
16" 90 0stub-up. Measure 16" Step 5: Reverse the bender
from the end of the conduit so that the hook faces the
and subtract 5" for take-up. opposite end of the conduit
16" _5" = 11 ". (Y). Slide the conduit into
Step 2: Mark the conduit at the hook so that the star
11 " from (X) with a fine point mark is aligned with your
24" measurement. Make
permanent marker completely sure that each bend is
around the conduit. l' d .
BENO 1 B di th
- en ng e. can u
d It a Igne wlth each other.
Make the bend foliowlng
Step 3: Lay the condUlt on a hard the technique from Example 1
surface and slide the conduit RESULT' One 16" stub-up .
through the hook of the shoe 24" between 251f4" opposite
until the arrow mark is aligned stub-up. '
wlth your measurement 11 " The foliowing diagrams ilius-
from the end of the conduit (X). trate positions of bender
.
BENO 2 RESULT
Wide
Bend
16]' ~ B~2 2sW'

E
X
11 "
16"
1 5"
Y
~
24"
16"
24"
Hook
Degree scale: EXAMPLE3: - think ARROW BENO 1- Bending tlle candult STEP 5: Keep bender in the
for offsets, saddles, Close back to back bends. STEP 3: Lay the conduit on a hard same direction of the first

Tear Drop (Rim notch): I

for the center mark 01 a 3-point
Star-point:
lor back-to-back
and special situations
Make a back-to-back bend
with two 20112" stub-ups and
24" between stub-ups.
Key Point - - - 2nd bend - --
surlace and slide the conduit
through the hook 01 the shoe
stubup, hook of the bender
facing stub-up.
until the arrow mark is aligned Slide the conduit through
saddle (exact center 01 45 ° bend) bends same bender direction as first with your 15112" measurement. the hook 01 the shoe until
stub-up, subtract take-up, and Make the bend foliowing the the arrow mark is aligned
use the arrow mark. technique from Example 1. with your 19" measurement.
TYPES OF BENDS MEASURING THE CONDUIT Make sure that each bend is
STEP 1; Using the other hall stick MEASURlNG THE CONDUIT aligned with each other.
90° "STUB UP"
CONDUIT TAKE-UP/ Bendlng Posltlon of EMT, bend a 20112" 90 ° stub- STEP 4: Measure 24" from the Make the bend foliowing the
think ARROW bend. TYPE/SIZE Deduct Symbols up. Measure 20112" deduct 5" back of the stub you just made. technique from Example 1.
take-up. 20112" - 5" = 15112". Result: One 20112" stub-up,
This is the most common Oeduct take-up. 24" - 5" = 19".
~
Yo" EMT 5" X- bend STEP 2: Mark the conduit at 15Yo" 24" between, 20W'
type of bend the electrician Mark the conduit at 19".
will make. Stub-ups use the 3/4" EMT with a marker completely opposite stub-up.
6" around the conduit. BENO 2- Bendlng the canduit
arrow mark on the bender. W RIGID
Take-up is the distance in
inches that the actual
1" EMT
3f4" RIGID 8"
Aln y - bend
BENO 1 BENO 2 RESULT
curve of the bender "takes
up." l 1f4" EMT 11 " vrv X- flip or
reverse
bender
Bend 1 Close
Arrow Bend
9 ~
""~"W
l " RIGID
It is the amount of inches
from the arrow mark on Take-up in inches is y -flip or
the bender to the backside subtracted from the
of the conduit after the 90 length of the stub to ~ reverse
bender F-;;,:?f,"I
degrees bend is made. be made. X 20V," Y 24"

reserved.
 OFFSET BENDS - Think ARROW For numbers 1 and 2 use these standards as a
bends. guide:
EXAMPLE5: 3/ e" per inch of object height. hard surface. The hook ofthe
For offsets 5 inches or more use a 45 ° or 60°
45-degrees offset bend. Therefore 5112" (height of object) bender should face the opposite
An offset bend is another commonly used
bends.
Make a 45 ° offset around an x 3/ "~ 2;/ "and 24" + 21/ 16" end ofthe conduit M. Now slide
bend made by electricians. object that is 5'12" in height and ~ 2~1/ 16" 16 the conduit through the hook
For offsets of 3 or 4 inches use 30° bends.
These bends are made to avoid objects For offsets of 2 inches in depth use 22112° bends.
24" lram the end 01 the condu it. Now measure and mark 261/ 16" until the anow is aligned with
such as other conduits or to make For small offsets of 1 inch or less use 10° bends. lrom the end 01 the conduit (X). the fir51 bend mark at 261/ 1s".
changes in elevation. To make an olfset bend lour From the fioor bend a 45 o angle.
For numbers 3 and 4 use OFFSET TABLE. things are needed.
However both the angle and the height
of the offset use up so me length of condun. OFFSET FORMULA TABLE
Remember HAMS
1. Height 01 object 5'h"
,45' Offset Bend 1 Arrow
Bend2 Arrow
This is called shrinkage and this amount Distanee between bends ~ Depth 01 offset x Multiplier 2. Angle 45 ° y
must be added to the measurement if you X
Mu~ierof Shrinkage Per
3. Multiplier 1.4
are heading toward the object. Angle Offset Ilepth Ineh 01 Rise 4. Shrinkagejinch of rise 3/s" X 185/,6" 1 7%"J
y
1 18s/'6 ?3Jr1
If the offset is heading away from the 1 MEASURING THE CONDUrr 261/ ,6 " I 261/16"
object, the shrinkage can be ignored. 10° x 10° 6 116" per ineh STEP 1: Use 10 ft 01 W'.
To make an offset bend four things are 22'12° x 22'12° 2.6 3/16" per ineh Note that he object is 24" lrom STEP 3: Find the second bend. STEP 5: Next stand the
needed. the end of the conduit. Using the Offset Formula Table
Remember HAMS 30° x 30° 2 1f4" per in eh STEP 2: Find the lirst bend. conduit handle on the floor
find the offset mu~iplier 01 the with the hook 51ill facing the
1. Height of object Using the Table above find the 45 ° angle and multiply it by the
2. Angle of bend 45° x 45° 1.4 3/8" per ineh shrinkage per ¡neh of rise of opposite side 01 the conduit.
3. Multiplier the condu it. height of the object. Slide the conduit through
4. Shrinkage per inch of rise. 60° x 60° 1.2 W ' per ineh Since the offset is heading Therelore 14 x 5W' = 7%" the hook 01 the bender until
~~'::=~:;;;'~~:""--::::---::--~:!=.=::==;=====,===,====:::::=~ toward the object, this amount Now me~u~ and mark 7%" from the arrow is aligned with the
° EXAMPLE 4: Therefore, 3" (height of opposite end ofthe conduit M· must be added to 24". 1st mark, mark back toward second bend mark.
30 offset bend. object) x 114' = %" and Now slide the conduit through From the Table find the angle the end 01 the conduit (Xl. Make a 45 ° bend by bending
Make a 30 ° off~et around an 18" + 3f4" = 18%" Now the hook until the arrow is ofthe offset 45 0. BENDlNG THE CONDUIT the conduit down with ann/
ob¡,ect that IS 3 In helght and measure and mark 18%" aligned with the first bend The shrinkage 0145 ° is equal to hand pressure.
18 from the end of the condult. from the end of the conduit (Xl mark at 18%". From the floor STEP 4: Lay the conduit on a
To make an offset bend fourthlngs .
are needed. 30° Offset Bend 1 bend a 30 ° angle.
Remember HAMS Arrow Bend 2 RESULT FOR EXAMPLE 4 RESULT FOR EXAMPLE S
1 . ~hlof~ ~I _ ~
30 ° x '1'" (
1
2. Angle of bend 1st Bend A

If
/\JI ' YI
3. Multip'lier
4. Shrinkage/inch of rise
2
%"
I 12%" ~
I--¡;;;-¡ EriFI 6"
18~'~;/;':;::;::~~~~Y
...
MEASURING THE CONDUIT 18%" x 18%" y
STEP 1: Use 10ft ofl12" EMT . _3"
and cut it in hall. Note that STEP 3: Flnd the second bend. 2nd Bend 6"
the objects is 18" from the end USlng the Table above flnd STEP 5: Nfro stand the bender's X B 6'_ 'X;
.-/ 300 ' -=...."..~.._ _ _ X
of the conduit. the offset multlpller of the 30° handle on the floor wlth the ~~=:;~ ~ -~~:....:..f=-
STEP 2: Find the first bend. angle and multlply it by the hook still facing the opposite l·' 18" 'I I' ' 1
Using the Table. abolle fi~d the height of the object. side of the conduit. Slide the 24"
shnnl<age .per Inch of nse of Therefore, 2 x 3" = 6". Now conduit through the hook of I L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---l
. the con(!Ult... measure and mark 6" from 1st the bender until the ARROW TO BENO SADDLES _Think To make an offset bend lour STEP 2: Find opposing bends.
Slnce the offset IS. headl~g mark back toward the end of . al" ed with th d dd Use 2.5 x object height for a
toward the obJect, thls amount the conduit (X) IS Ign e secon TEAR OROP things are nee e . 221/2 ° angle. 2.5 x 3" = 7W'.
must be addea to 18". From BENOING THE CONDUIT bend mark. Saddle bends, like offsets, are Remember HAMS From the new center mark,
the Table
ffs etfind the0angle of STEP 4' Lay the conduit on a Make a 30° bend dovvn with also used to avoid objects. ~ :iggl~t 01 object 221%~ measure 7W' on opposite sides
Th thhe 9 ka 3r30 . It hard 'surface The hook of ann/hand pressure on the Bending the saddle allows the . of the new mark.
e1,."npen r i~~~ of obl·~~~~9hf the bender should face the conduit. conduit to retum to its original 3. Multiplier 2/.6" BENDlNG THE CONDUIT
elevation. A saddle is simply 4. Shrinkage/inch °hlriske 3 16 STEP 3: 1st Bend. Lay the conduit
OFFSET BE NO CHART NOTE:t Remembers
two offsets bent in opposite b t d nn age
f wh on a hard surlace and face the
_ 30° _ 45° _ 60° d· r Th tw ty mus e accoun e or. en opposite end 01 the conduit(Y).
Irec lons. ere are o pes offsets approach the obJect Stand up the bender on its shoe
of offsets. a three-pOlnt saddle and Ignored when movlng away. and lace the hook toward this
OFFSET BETWEEN SHRINK BETWEEN SHRINK BETWEEN SHRINK BETWEEN SHRINK that has three bends and a four- Since a three-point offset uses same end. Slide the conduit
OEPTH BENOS AMOUNT BENOS AMOUNT BENOS AMOUNT BENOS AMOUNT
point saddle that has lour bends. one 22'12° angle while approa- thraugh the hook and align the
2" 5 )1," ')¡," As a guide, three point saddles ching the object and another measurement with the new
are typically used lor bends less 22'12° to center 01 the object, center point (tear drap or rim
2 '12" 6 '12" than 6" and are made with 45 ° this saddle bend is like making notch) 01 the bender. Bend a
center bend with two 22W' side a 22'12° offset bend. 45 ° angle bending toward (X).
3" 7,%" 6" bends Four-point sadd les are MEASURlNG THE CONDUrr STEP 4: 2nd Bend. Place the
. . • . lb d han die of the bender on the
typlcally used for bends greater STEP 1. Flnd center o en. Iloor with hook facing same
3 '12" 91." 7"
than 6" and are made with the Measure from the end of the direction as lirst bend, slide
4" 10 '12" 8" 1" same angle of degrees for each conduit to the center 01 the the conduit to the second mark
bend usually 30° or 45 0. obJect and mark the condUlt and align with arrow on bender.
4 '12" 11 ,%" 9" 1 Ya" atthls pOlnt. Shnnkage per Bend a 22J12 ° bend.
THREE.pOINT SADDLE inch of obje¡¡¡ height for 22112° STEP 5: 3rd Bend. Keep handle
5" 13' la' 1%" 7" 1 1," EXAMPLE 6: Bend a three- bend IS 3116 from the table. of condu it on Iloor and reverse
5 '12" 14 %" 1" 11 ' 1,%" 7%" 2'
point saddle around an object
that is 3" in height and 20" from Add this amount to the flrst
9/
Therelore, 3/ 16" X3" = 16". the direction of the hook of the
bender so that it is lacing (X).
a raund obstacle. Use one 45 ° center mark. This is your Align arraw with third mark on
6" 15%" 1)¡," 12' lJ1¿" 8%" 2 %" 7%" 3' center bend and two opposing new center mark and the first the condu it. Bend the other
22112° bends. bend location. 22 112 ° bend.
16 "X." 1 %" 2 ~."
11
6 %" 1 %" 13' 7 ' :X6 3 %"
7" 18%" 14' 9%" 2%" 8%' 3%" Bend2 Bend 1 Bend 3
Arrow Tear Drop Arrow
7%" 19%" 15' 10 Y2' 9" 3,%"

8" 20 ,%" 1%" 16' 2" 11 W' 3' 9%" 4'

8 %" 22 1." 1 %" 17' 2 1." 11 '~." 10 \Ií " 4 %"

.1 y
9" 23 Y2' 18' 2 %" 12W' 3%" 10 r,." 4%" xl , I"
7Yi' : ' "
7V/ '

9 '12" 24 }¡" 19' 2%" 13,%"

la' 26' 20' 2 J1¿" 14' 3 ,%" 12' 5' RESULT FOR EXAMPLE 6
9
10 l1!" 27 %" 2" 21 ' 14 '% " 12 %" 5 %" 20 M' 45·
11 ' 28%" 22' 15 ~." 41." 13%" 5W' 7V2"
11 W' 29 '1{." 23' 27." 16 1."
x y
12' 31 %" 2 \Ií" 24' 3" 16 'l4." 4W' 6'
\ 22.5· 22. ..L J
15' 39' 30' 21 " 5%" 18' 7 %"

24' 4%" 48' 6" 33%" 9' 28 '},." 12" l· 20"

'I
© 2016 BUllders Book, Inc. AII nghts reserved.
 FOUR • POINT SADDLE Mark this distance on the Slide the conduit through BENDING AROUND A CORNER WITH AN OBJECT
A four-point saddle is actually bender. This is the first bend. the hook and align the first Although thls IS not a common bendlng Job, It IS one that can become very frustratlng If the
just two offsets facing each STEP 2: Find distance between measurement with the arrow proper method is not known. The followlng examples are the most common types of objects
other. Four-point saddles bends, using Offset Formula on the bender. Make a 45 ° that are encountered. The pipe is bent wlth two 45 ° bends. For each type of object a formula
use the same size angle for Table. Use 14 x objects bend toward (X). is glven to determine the spacing between bend marks.
all four bends. These safildles height for a 45 ° bend, 14 x
are normally used for objects 8" ~ 112 (round up to next STEP 5: 2nd Bend. Place the Type Formula Diagram
over 6". quarter inch)11.25" or 11114" . handle of the bender on the
EXAMPLE 7: Bend a four-jloint Now measure 11114" from the floor with hook facing (Y) and D x 2.4 ~ spacing
saddle using 45° bends around first measurement back slide the conduit to the second Bending around a Round between bend marks,
an object that is 8" wide by 8" in toward the eml of the conduit. object in a comer. where D is the diame-
This is the second bend. mark and align with arrow. ter of the obstruction
height and that is 23" from the Bend another 45 ° bend. round object.
end of the conduit. To make a STEP 3: Find bend 3 & 4. From
the first bend mark measure
four-point saddle four things are 8" toward (V). This is bend 3. STEP 6: 3rd Bend. Keeping
needed. Remember Now from this mark, measure the han die on the floor, D x 3 ~ spacing
HAMS 11114" toward (Y). This is remove the conduit from the between bend marks,
1 Height of object 8" bend 4. bender and face the hook of Bending around a where D is the depth
2. Angle 45 ° the bender toward X. Slide Square object in a comer. or width of the
3. Multiplier 14 BENDlNG THE CONDUIT the conduit to the 3rd mark obstructing square
4. Shrink per inch of rise Bend Sequence X2, 1, 3, 4 Y
3/8" and bend the next 45 ° angle. object.
MEASURING THE CONDUIT NOTE: Always keep your back
STEP 1: Rnd 1st bend. Use Offset toward X and make all bends (DI + D2) x 1.4~
toward X. STEP 7: 4th Bend. Slide the
Formula Table. Shrinkage per inch conduit to the 4th mark, rotate spacing between
of object heightfor a 45 ° bend is STEP 4: 1st Bend. Lay the the conduit 180° and with the Bending around a bend marks, where
3/8" from the table. Therefore, 3/8"
conduit on a hard surface and handle still on the floor and
Rectangular Dl is the depth and
X8" ~ 3". Add this amount to the hook of bender still facing (X) object in a comer. D2 is the width of the
face Y. Stand up the bender
distance of the object from the on its shoe and tace the hook make the last 45 ° bend. obstructing rectangu-
end of the conduit, 23" + 3" ~ 26". toward this same end. lar object.

PREPOSITION CORNER BENDS • These bends are similar to comer bends

,JI: rn
1st Bend 45 · ,
"1'-0
2nd Bend
~==~~
4~5 °~ _______ j~ __ ~
)(l" 23"
SEGMENT BENDS
Segment bends are multiple
bends spaced evenly in a
section of conduit. The
multiple bends combine to
make one sweeping bend
such as a large radius of
90 ° .
The degree of angle for
each bend should be the
same.
The number of bends
multiplied by the degree of
each bend must equal 90 °.
The most common segment
bend is made with (9) 10°
bends. other combinations
are also possible, such as
(3) 30 ° bends or (4) 22'12°
bends.
EXAMPLE 8: Using 1fz"
RESULT FOR EXAMPLE 8
Centerline
9 6°
RESULT FOR EXAMPLE 7
Rotate Conduit 180·
26"
8"
_ 45·
~/~ Rotat~~~nduit
" v.
8"
_ ~==
-1
EMT, make a segment bend
of 90° using (9) 10° segments
and the centerline radius is 22".
To make segment bends two
things are needed.
Remember RAM
1. Radius for the centertine of
the conduit.
2. Angle of segment bends.
3. Multiplier
r..tEASURMG THE 00NlU1T
STEP l. Determine the radius
for the center line of the canduit 5".
STEP 2. Choose the angle of
segment bends and calc~late
the number of bends. 10,
therefore 9 bends are needed.
(10 ° x 9 ~ 90° )
2
except they originate from an electrical box or conduit. These bends are also made with 45 °
angles.
3rd Bend
r1Y Roond Object Fonnula & Calculatlon 36"
Distance - (O x 0.68 + '12 the offset constant) ~ bend
mal1<A "
Exa~Ie: Ilistance ~ 36", Oiameter ~ 4", Oiameter 4" x
c/fY 0.68 ~ 2.72 apprx. 2314", 'h offset constant '12" EMT
30%"
4th Bend (5") ~ 2Y2, 36" - (2'!4"+2W')~Bend mark A.
Spacing film A tu B is found bY multlplying dilmeler
(O) x 2.4 Le 4" x 2.4 ~ 9.6" or approx. 9'/,"
Y
Square ObJect Fonnula & Calculatlon
Oistance - (O x 1.4 + '12 the offset constant) ~ bend
STEP 3: Find the distance between l'
mal1<A
bends and mark the conduit. Example: Oistance ~ 36", Iliameter = 6", Iliameter 6"
Radius x Multiplier ~ Distance
xt4 24W'
between bends 5" x 0.176~0 . 88 ~ 8.4" app. ff'/s", '12 offset constant 314" EMT (6'14'1 ~
or 7/s". 3' /.", 36" - 11'12" ~ 24'12" from end of pipe to bend
STEP 4: Mark the conduit at the mark A.
point of the first bend. Add Spacing frorn A tu B is found by multiplying diameter
(O) x 3 i.e. 6" x 3 ~18"
eight more marks with 7/8"
between each. RectanguJiI" Object Formula & Calculatlon
BENmHG CONDUIT 36"
Distanee - (D, x '12 the offset constan!) ~ bend mal1< A
STEP 5: Align the bender arrow Example: Oistance~ 36" ,O,~ 2", O, ~ 4", '12 offset
with the first measured mark and constant '12" 3 1V2'
bend the degree of angle for that EMT (5'')=''2'12, 36" - (2" + 2'12'1 ~ 31'12" ~ Bend
segment. mark A Spacing From Ato B is found by using the D,=2"
STEP 6. Bend each segment 10°. following formula:
Result 90 ° bend with a 5" radius. Spacing ~ O, + O, x 1.4 ~ (2+4) x 1.4 ~ 6 x 1.4 ~
8.4" approx. 83/," D 2 =4"
OFFSET CONSTANT (FOR 4lH>EGREE BENOS)
ANGLE TANGENTS Offset Constant is the amount that must be added 5"
to length of the adjacent side (of the angle) before
Angle per Bend MUltipliers subtracting the distance from the box to the object 614"
5° 0.087 in order to compensate for bending.
1"
0.105
10° 0.176
GAIN is the amount of conduit saved by bending on
a radius. 'h" EMT
15° 0.568 The gain amount varies depending on the size of
the conduit used. Gain can be applied to both EMT %" EMT or '11' Rgid
18° 0.325 and Rigid conduit, however it is applied most often
22Y2° 0.414 to rigid conduit that requires threading. By knowing 1" EMT !T 3/4" Rigid 4"
the gain for the size conduit you can cut and thread
30 ° 0.577 the conduit before bending it. l'I'¡'EMT!Tl"f91

3·POINT SADDLE BEND CHART • 45' CENTER BEND WITH TWO 22 v.o BENDS Example. Using '12" rigid conduit with a 14" and 16" Method: Using the chart aboye, 2
measurements between boxes and a 14" stub-up, 5/s" would be subtracted i.e
OBSTRUCTION SHRINKAGE AMOUNT MAKE OUTSIDE MARKS FROM NEW
what length of conduit should we cut? 14"+ 16" ~ 3D" - 25/ s" ~ 273/ S".
DEPTH MOVE CENTER MAR K FORWARD CENTER MARK Take--up for 1jz" rigid conduit is 6".
Result 14" stub-up to one box and 16" to the other
1" 3/'6" 2 W' box. For a 14" stub-up measure 14" from
end of conduit and subtract 6",
2" •
I • 273 /."
• 14" - 6" = 8".
Mark the conduit at 8" from the
3" 'I,s' 7 W' Length of Conduit needed before bends end and bend a 90 ° bend.
4" 'l.' 10'

5" 12 Y2"
6" 1'/," 15'
FOIl EACH ADDITIONAL
INCHADD 2 W'
• 3-polnt saddle bends. First lind center 01 obstructlon, add shrlnKage lrom chart and maKe marK "A". From the
chart make two outside pencil marks "6" and "C" lrom new center mark. 6end 45 0 lrom new center mark lirsl.
Rotate 180° and bend 22 V, o at mark "6". Reverse and rotate conduit and bend 22 'izO at "C".
• Always keep bends in IIne. 16"

tCl?0 16 BllilrlAr'O Bnnk Inr- AII riah!o rl>"A"'Arl

 CONCENTRIC BENDS
Concentric bends share a common
center gOint, but the center1ine radius segment
on eac conduit is different.
understandin\khow to make these
bends is eas~ cause they are similar S
to segment nds.
EXAMPLE 9: USinEe%" EMT
make 3 concentric nds of 90°
using 9, 10° segments and the
centerline radius is 5".
To make concentric bends three
things are needed. Remember
"RAMOD"
1. Radius for the centerline of the
conduit
2. Anwe of segment bends
3. Mu tiplier
4. Outside Diameter of conduit
5. Distance between bends
MEASURING THE CONDUIT
STEP 1: Determine the desired
radius for the centerline of the 1st
conduit. 5" = Radius 1. MEASURING 3RD CONDUIT EMT BENDING TIPS
STEP 2: Choose the angle of STEP 6:
bends and calculate the Determine the desired radius for o Use fine point permanent marker, and
TRADE OUTSIDE INSIDE mark completely around the conduit.
number of bends. 10° therefore 9 the centerline of the 3rd conduit. SIZE DIAMETER DIAMETER
~ments needed. Radius 2 + % 00 + Distance o Make0 sure the conduit is tumed exactly
3: Find the distance between between conduits + % 00 = y," 0.706" 0.622" 180 after the first bend is made, the
bends and mark the conduit. Radius 3 second bend will be out of alignment
Radius1 x Multiplier = Distance 0.922" 0.824"
with the first. This is called a oog-Ieg.
3/4"
between bends 7]" + 112 (0.706') + 2" + 112 (0.706")
= 10.406 ' or 10'/,a" o Kicks can be made in conjunction with
5" x 0:176 = 0.88 or '/.". 1" 1.163" 1.04g' bends to direct the conduit into elec-
MEASURING 2ND CONDUIT STEP 7: trical boxes that are not on the same
1)4" 1510" 1.380" plane as the primary bend.
STEP 4: Determine the desired Find the distance between bends
radius for the centerline of the and mark the conduit.
1y," 1.740" 1.610" o X is the end you measure trom, sometimes
2nd conduit. referred to as the last coupling.
Radius 1 + % 00 + Distance Radius 3 x Multiplier = Distance 2" 2197' 2067"
between conduits + % 00 = between bends o y is the opposite end you measured trom.
Radius 2 2Y2" 2875" 2731 "
5" + %(0.706')+2" + '12 (0.706')= 10.406" x 0:176 = 1.83" or 1rl/'¿' o Nways add shrinkage and subtract gain.
7]" or 7n/·"r BENDING THE CONDUIT 3" 3.500" 3.356"
o Bend on a hard surface.
STEP 5: Rnd the distance between SL~n ~he bender arrow with each 4" 4500" 4.334" o Protect the end of the conduit.
bends and mark the condUlt. mark on each conduit and bend
Radlus 2 x Multlpller = Dlstance each to the degree of angle
between bends 7]" x 0:176= 1.356 selected. HELPFUL HINTS
or 13/.". o Make reducers (RE's) by threading the o When running offsets in conduit runs,
outside of a couple with the next follow one of three types of bends:
largest size dye. 15°, 30° or 45°. . .
RESULT FOR EXAMPLE 9 o Example: A 3/4" in couPlins, that is (It a1lows Mure runs to match exlstlng
threaded with a one inch ye makes runs.)
167/16'~ a 1" to 3/4" reducer. o When making cable tray brackets use
7"/,." '~" o Make all threads or close nipples by double unistrut to support the bottom

commoo ~l
threading longer pieces of conduit tray. (Future conduit can be added
.353 and cutting it to proper lengths. under cable tray routes.)

center point
~
PARALLEL OFFSETS
For bendinp parallel offsets an
adjustmen must be made to the
location of the first bend so that
the ends of the subsequent conduit
will not be staggered.
EXAMPLE 10: Using 112" EMT
make 3 parallel 45 ° offset bends
10" in height that are a distance of
2" apart and 12" from a metal box.
To make concentric bends four
things are needed. Remember
HAMOD
~~~
:: Y2EMT
0.0. = .705"
Y2 0.0. = .353
1:
I : 1: :
I I
I I I
I I
, I ,
STEP 2: Calculate the Adjustment
using the formula:
Center to center spacing x
tangent of 112 the offset angle =
Adjustment 2" + 0.706" x tangent
of 22)12" = 1.12" or 1'/."
Measure and mark a second
STEP 6: Lay the conduit on a hard
conduit at 12" + 11/." = 13'1a" ,
surface. With the shoe on the
STEP 3: Measure and mark the
~ound facing (Y), slide the conduit
last conduit at 13'1a" + 11/."
t rough the hook to the 2nd mark
= 1411."
STEP 4: Calculate distance on the conduit (14" trom calculated
adjustment).
between bends. Using the Table STEP 7: Bend a 45° bend.
Nways measure trom the back ofthe o Always use thread lubricant Hucky-
dyes to keeJ threads trom belng Pucky when screwing conduits togethe[
tapered an hard to screw In. . (Especially aluminum conduits.)
I o When cuttlng larger slzes of condUlt, o The radius of a tray fitting is measured
I
use a wrap around to keep Imes to its inside.
stralght all the way around the o The radius of a conduit bend is
I I I I
, I , , I , condUlt. .
o Never heat rigid conduit to bend it. measured to its center..
This causes the Inner walls of conduit to o Use a small plece of an Olly rag attached
ftake and makes wire hard to pull. to the end of a fish tape to help you
NOTE: This grocedure will only o When running telephone conduit, use push the tape throuqh a conduit.
work using he same size conduit C fittings as much as possible. o Take care of all bendlng machines,
and the same conduit bender. o Make conduit brackets 20% to 30% threadlng machines, and all other tools
When using different size conduits, wider than needed. It allows future and equipment as if they belonged
the same biínder or bending shoe runs of conduitto be added. to you.
must be used.
BENDING THE CONDUIT
TYPES OF BENOS - SUMMARY TABLE
TYPES OF BEtIlS NEMORY JOOIEl BEIlDlNG SEQIBCE
HOST- Bend 1Arrow
90 S11JB.UP
0

1. Height of obstruction: 10" above find the offset multiplier Height of Stub, Take x f\G.. y
2. Angle 45° of the 30° angle and multiply it STEP 8: Stand the han die on the I
3. Multiplier 1.4 ~ound and keep the hook of the
by the height of the obstructlon. nder facing (Y). Slide the conduit
4. Outside Diameter of conduit: Theretore, 1.4 x 10" = 14". Bend 1Arrow Bend 2Slar
0.706" (from EMT table) STEP 5: Measute 14" trom each through the hook and bend the 2nd
45 ° with arm/hand pressure. Wide 0J..>, -<J/l y
5. Distance between bends: 2" calculated adjustment toward x I 1
MEASURING THE CONDUIT STEP 9: Repeat bendlng sequence HOST-
the opposite end of the conduit tor each conduit. Refer to offset BACK-ro.BACK
STEP 1 : Mark each of the three (Y) and mark each conduit. Height of Stub, Take
conduits 12" from the end. bends if necessary. Bend 1Arrrm Bend 2Arrow
(J~sef\G.. ~
Bend 2 Arrow Bend 1 Arrow RESULT FOR EXAMPLE 10 I
y,
~ ~
l' , 450 14'/:'
HAMS - Height of ob- Bend 2AITow Bend 1ArrrJN
I 12"
13
'
/0"
I
Bend 2 Arrow
~
14"
Bend 1 Arrow
~
Bend 1 1

13'/."
1
(FFSEJ'S struction, Arf,¡le, Mu~iplier,
Shrinkage
30'
&
45' x
'<'f'l
I
..Jfl y
I
Bend 2
I I 12
12"
Id"
Bend 2 Arrow
14"
Bend 1 Arrow 45 0 12"
HAMS -
Height of obstruction, Angle,
Bend 2
Arrow
Bend 1
Tear Drop
Bend 3
Arrrm
I
14'''"
• pJ-
~ ~ , ~
Muttiplier, Shrinkage 3 x
Poin! I "'"
I I " """" I
</]Y
I
y

I 12" 1/8"11/8" 14" 1 3 --------------- SADDI.E

Bend 2 Arrow Bend 1 Arrow Bend 3 Arrow Bend 4 Arrow
~ONDUIT GAIN CHART FRACTIONS TO DECIMAL CONVERSION TABLE
FRACTION OF INCH DECIMAL FRACTION OF INCH DECIMAL
IL "1'"
I
-<..Ir
1
"'f"
)
"'f"
"-
, Y
I
COND.~.SIZE BENDER 90" GAIN 4 Poin! Bend Ro!a!e Condui! 180 0
ANDTYPE TAKE·UP '/,6 0.0625 9/,6 0.5625
Y.'EMT s' '1. 0.125 51. 0.625 HAMOO - Height of object, Bend 2ArrfNI Bend 1Arrow
2 ""
,1/,6 Angle, Muttiplier, 00,
%' EMTor 3/'6 0.1875 0.6875 PARAllEL
x ~ ~ y
\1,' RIGID 6' 3111' Distance between bends I I
)4 0.25 3f4 0.75
,'EMTor 8' 4' 5/'6 0.3125 ,3/,6 0.8125 RAM - Radius, Angle, Multiplier (see example 8 on previous
%' RIGID SBWIENT pagel
,III' EMT or 11 ' 5 5/ 8
1
% 0.375 'l. 0.875
,' RIGID '/'6 0.4375 15/,6 0.9375 RAMOO - Radius, Angle, Mo ,1Im1;"r (m n;<"t~rv'O hPtwAA'l bends
CONCaflRIC
• The 9(}0 gajn is used only when threading pipe befixe bending. Y2 0.5 1 1.0 (see example 9 on this pag

•
_
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