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4maintheoriesonthestate1 181011080820 PDF
4maintheoriesonthestate1 181011080820 PDF
• liberal origins
• state is a neutral body that arbitrates between
competing interests of the society
• state’s mission: ‘referee’ and protect citizens and
their rights from other fellow citizens. (Show yellow
and red cards?)
• Roots of this theory can be traced back to Thomas
Hobbes and John Locke who argued that the state came
out of a need to protect ourselves against the ‘state of
nature’. What is the state of nature?
Pluralist Theory of the State
• As Locke put it “where there is no law there is no
freedom’.
• Therefore, the state should guarantee natural rights of
‘life, liberty and property’.
• Being safe from harm (murder)?
• Speaking your mind ?
• Contractual agreements being held ?
• For Hobbes the state needs to provide a strong
alternative to anarchy by being the ultimate power.
Pluralist Theory of the State