MATH 6310

ASSIGNMENT 3
Due on Wednesday, Oct 28, 2020

Name M.U.N. Number

1. This project is used to understand some linear functionals on X = C([−1, 1], C) – the
complex-valued continuous functions on the finite symmetric interval [−1, 1] of R.
Pn
(1a) Let t1 , ..., tn ∈ [a, b], c1 , ..., cn ∈ C and define a linear functional f (x) = j=1 cj x(tj ) on
X. Prove that f belongs to B(X, C) and evaluate kf k.
(1b) Let F be a positive linear functional on X, i.e., F (x) ≥ 0 for all 0 ≤ x ∈ X. Prove that
if x, y ∈ X then |F (xȳ)|2 ≤ F (|x|2 )F (|y|2 ).
R0 R1
(1c) Let f (x) = −1 x(t)dt − 0 x(t)dt for x ∈ X. Prove kf k = 2.

2. This project is used to understand the range R(T ) = {y = T (x) : x ∈ X} and the null
N (T ) = {x ∈ X : T (x) = 0} of a linear operator T from one normed linear space (X, k · kX )
to another normed linear space (Y, k · kY ).
(2a) Find T , X and Y such that T is bounded but R(T ) is not a closed subspace of Y .
(2b) Find T , X and Y such that T is not bounded but N (T ) is a closed subspace of X.
(2c) Define the norm k(x, y)k = kxkX + kykY on X × Y . Prove (X × Y )∗ = X ∗ × Y ∗ , where
the norm on X ∗ × Y ∗ is given by k(f, g)k = max{kf k, kgk}.

3. Suppose X is a normed linear space over F. This project is used to apply the Hahn-Banach
extension theorem.
(3a) Let {xj }kj=1 be linearly independent in X, {aj }nj=1 a subset of F, and M > 0 a constant.
Prove that an f ∈ B(X, F) satisfies kf k ≤ M and f (xj ) = aj for all j = 1, ..., n when and
only when
Xk  Xk

 tj aj  ≤ M

tj xj
j=1 j=1

holds for any subset {tj }kj=1 of F.

(3b) Let S be a linear subspace of X, x0 ∈ X and d(x0 , S) > 0. Verify that there is an
f ∈ B(X, F) such that kf k = 1, f (x0 )/d(x0 , S) = 1 and f |S = 0.
(3c) Show that if dim(X) = ∞ then dim(X ∗ ) = ∞.