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Rajshahi
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This article is about the city. For the district, see Rajshahi District. For the division,
see Rajshahi Division.
Rajshahi
রাজশাহী
Metropolis
From top: City Skyline, Shaheed Kamruzzaman crossing, First
Administration Building of University of Rajshahi, Mango
roundabout, Varendra Research Museum, Administration Building
of Rajshahi College
Nickname(s):
Country Bangladesh
Division Rajshahi Division
District Rajshahi District
Establishment 1700
Municipality 1876
Granted city status 1991
Government
• Type City Corporation
• Body Rajshahi City Corporation
Area
[1][2]
Population
(2011)[3]
• Metropolis 763,952
• Density 7,900/km2 (20,000/sq mi)
• Metro 1,500,000
Website erajshahi.gov.bd
Contents
1History
2Geography
o 2.1Topography
o 2.2Climate
o 2.3Parks and greenery
o 2.4Points of interest
3Administration
4Economy
5Culture
o 5.1Arts and festivals
o 5.2Media
o 5.3Sports
6Transport
o 6.1Road
o 6.2Railway
o 6.3Air
o 6.4Public transport
7Healthcare
8Demographics
9Education
10Notable residents
11Twin towns and sister cities
12See also
13References
14Notes
15External links
History[edit]
Rajshahi district was a part of the Pundra region of ancient Bengal ruled by the Pundra
Kingdom. The capital of Prince Vijaya, the king who led military operations in Sri
Lanka and Southeast Asia was located 14 kilometres (9 mi) to the west of Rajshahi
town. In medieval times, the region came to be known as "Rampur Boalia". The origin of
the present name of "Rajshahi" is debated among scholars. Most say that it takes its
name from Hindu Kings and zamindars (or "Rajas") as Raj and the persianised Shahi;
both of which mean "royal" or "kingdom".[7] The administrative district was established in
1772 and the municipal corporation in 1876. Rajshahi was dominated by
various Maharajas, Rajas and Zamindars.[8]
During the British raj, it was also known as "Beuleah" and was the administrative
headquarters of Rajshahi district in Eastern Bengal and Assam. It was originally chosen
as a commercial factory for the silk trade, which was being officially encouraged by the
agricultural department of that time. The town contained a government college, and an
industrial school for sericulture. Most of the public buildings were severely damaged by
the earthquake of 12 June 1897.[9] Throughout much of the early part of the twentieth
century there was a daily steamer service on the Ganges which connected it to rail-
heads that led to the then provincial capital of Calcutta as well as other cities in the
province of Bengal.
Pakistani Eastern Command plan for the defence of East Pakistan from 1967 to 1971 (generic representation—
some unit locations not shown).
During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 for the liberation of Bangladesh, when Pakistan
Army created an ad hoc Rajshahi brigade and deployed in September.[10] During
the 1971 Bangladesh genocide by the Pakistan, in which Pakistani Army and its
supporting militias (Razakar) killed estimated between 300,000[11] to 3,000,000 people
and raped 200,000–400,000 Bangladeshi women in a systematic campaign
of genocidal rape,[12][13][14] Rajshahi witnessed great atrocities by the Pakistan army in
the 1962 Rajshahi massacres of Bangladeshis and heroic struggles by the Bangladeshi
freedom fighters. The largest mass grave in Bangladesh is located in University of
Rajshahi, which was used as an army camp during the war.[citation needed] On the other hand,
one of the great battles of the war took place near Rajshahi. Captain Mohiuddin
Jahangir, who died in battle, was awarded the highest honour (Bir Shrestho) by the
Bangladesh government after the war.[citation needed] Pakistan Army's 93,000 troops
unconditionally surrendered to the Indian Army and India's local ally Mukti Bahini on 16
December 1971.[15] This day and event is commemorated as the Bijoy
Dibos (Bengali: বিজয় বিিস) in Bangladesh and Vijay Diwas in India.[16][15]
Rajshahi was made a city corporation in 1991.
Geography[edit]
Topography[edit]
Geographically Rajshahi is situated within Barind Tract, 23 m (75 ft) above sea level,
and lies at 24°22′26″N 88°36′04″E. The city is located on the alluvial plains of
the Padma River, which runs through southern side of the city. It is bounded on the
east, north and west by Paba Upazila (subdivision of a district) of the district.
Climate[edit]
Under Köppen climate classification, Rajshahi has a tropical wet and dry climate. The
climate of Rajshahi is generally marked with monsoons, high temperature,
considerable humidity and moderate rainfall. The hot season commences early in
March and continues till the middle of July. The maximum mean temperature observed
is about 32 to 36 °C (90 to 97 °F) during the months of April, May, June and July and
the minimum temperature recorded in January is about 7 to 16 °C (45 to 61 °F). The
highest rainfall is observed during the months of monsoon. The annual rainfall in the
district is about 1,448 millimetres (57.0 in).[17]
hideClimate data for Rajshahi
Au No Yea
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Sep Oct Dec
g v r
30. 35. 35. 35. 34. 30.
40.3 45.1 44.8 43.6 39.7 39.2 45.1
Record high °C 0 4 5 3 3 3
(104 (113 (112 (110 (103 (102 (113
(°F) (86. (95. (95. (95. (93. (86.
.5) .2) .6) .5) .5) .6) .2)
0) 7) 9) 5) 7) 5)
25. 28. 32. 31. 29. 26.
33.5 35.9 34.8 33.3 32.0 32.3 31.2
Average high °C 4 0 0 9 5 1
(92. (96. (94. (91. (89. (90. (88.
(°F) (77. (82. (89. (89. (85. (79.
3) 6) 6) 9) 6) 1) 2)
7) 4) 6) 4) 1) 0)
18. 20. 29. 27. 23. 19.
25.7 28.8 29.1 29.4 28.9 29.1 25.8
Daily mean °C 5 6 1 6 5 4
(78. (83. (84. (84. (84. (84. (78.
(°F) (65. (69. (84. (81. (74. (66.
3) 8) 4) 9) 0) 4) 5)
3) 1) 4) 7) 3) 9)
10. 13. 26. 23. 17. 12.
18.0 21.7 23.5 25.5 25.9 25.9 20.3
Average low °C 2 3 2 4 6 8
(64. (71. (74. (77. (78. (78. (68.
(°F) (50. (55. (79. (74. (63. (55.
4) 1) 3) 9) 6) 6) 6)
4) 9) 2) 1) 7) 0)
18. 11.
1.8 3.9 8.6 10.8 14.4 20.3 19.4 12.6 7.0 4.2 1.8
Record low °C 3 4
(35. (39. (47. (51. (57. (68. (66. (54. (44. (39. (35.
(°F) (64. (52.
2) 0) 5) 4) 9) 5) 9) 7) 6) 6) 2)
9) 5)
13 15 272 301 261 112 14 2 1,41
Average precipita 27 39 129 234
(0.5 (0.6 (10. (11. (10. (4.4 (0.6 (0.1 9
tion mm (inches) (1.1) (1.5) (5.1) (9.2)
) ) 7) 9) 3) ) ) ) (56)
Average relative
40 35 37 40 51 79 88 85 80 66 62 59 60
humidity (%)
Source: WeatherBase.Com
Although once noted for its air pollution, since 2014 the levels of particulates have been
dramatically reduced by various efforts to switch to cleaner fuels and to battery-powered
vehicles, to pave earth streets, to encourage walking and bicycle transport, and to plant
vegetation.[18] The levels of PM10 dropped by 67% and PM2.5 which are particularly
harmful to human health, dropped from 70 to 37 micrograms per cubic metre between
2014 and 2016.[18]
Parks and greenery[edit]
Rajshahi Central Park
Shaheed A.H.M Qamaruzzaman Central Park and Zoo is one of the popular public
places of Rajshahi city. A wide area with green trees and grasses houses different
animal species. It is located by the bank of the Padma River. Other parks in the city are
Bhubon Mohon park and Captain Monsur Ali park. Shahid Zia children's park is
specially designed for children's amusement. The bank of the Padma river along the city
is also a destination for recreation. The bank is a planned zone in many parts of the city
to accommodate city dwellers for recreation purposes. In 2015, Munsguard park near
the old Dutch Boro Kuthi building and Lalonshah park near Shahmukhdum Eidgah was
built bordering the bank[19] to provide residents a place to enjoy the views of the Padma
river.
Points of interest[edit]
Administration[edit]
Rajshahi City Corporation headquarter
Economy[edit]
See also: Rajshahi silk
Apart from the usual agricultural products of Bangladesh, such as rice, wheat, potatoes
and lentils, Rajshahi and its neighbouring regions are specially suited from various
crops such as mangoes, lichis, sugarcane, tomatoes and watermelons. In spite of being
an important city and located on a riverbank, industrial development in Rajshahi has not
taken place to any great extent. There is an industrial park in Rajshahi, which is now
mainly home to industries producing products of the famous Rajshahi silk. The head
office of regulatory board for sericulture, Bangladesh Sericulture Development Board, is
based in the city. Rajshahi is also home to a number of jute, textile and sugar mills,
pharmaceutical and mango based industries. Two 50 MW power plants have been built
at Katakhali to meet the growing electricity demand of the city.
Bangladesh Bank, the central bank of Bangladesh, has a regional office in the
city. Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank, a nationalised bank with its head office at Rajshahi,
is working in a mission to help to develop the agriculture sector of Rajshahi and
Rangpur division. Barind Multipurpose Development Authority (BMDA), a government
organization for the integrated development of Rajshahi and Rangpur division, has its
head office in the city.[21] The head office of the Western Zone of Bangladesh Railway is
located in this city.
An estimated 14,000 new jobs are expected to be created with the construction of
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Hi-Tech Park in Rajshahi, one of the 28 software
technology parks the government is building countrywide as part of its Digital
Bangladesh programme.
Culture[edit]
Arts and festivals[edit]
Rajshahi is famous for Rajshahi silk, which has a special status as clothing material in
Indian subcontinent. Rajshahi is the home of the region's best mangoes and lichis.
Rajshahi is also the location of Barendra Museum, which is known for its collection of
local sculpture and other artifacts dating from medieval times. It also has some
important structures made by the British like the T Dam.
Pohela Baishakh, the Bengali New Year, and Pahela Falgun, the first day of spring of
the Bengali month Falgun, in the Bengali calendar, is celebrated in the city in a festive
manner. There are widespread celebration of Muslim festivals of Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha,
and Muharram; Hindu festivals of Durga Puja, Buddhist festival of Buddha Purnima; and
the Christian festival of Christmas across the city.
Media[edit]
There are many Bengali daily newspapers published from the city, including Sonali
Sangbad, Sunshine, Dainik Barta, Sonar Desh, Natun Provat, and Amader
Rajshahi.[22] There are also many online news portal such as rajshahinews24.com,
silkcitynews.com, Uttorbongo Protidin etc.
The government-run Bangladesh Television and Bangladesh Betar have transmission
centres in Rajshahi.
A local FM radio station, Radio Padma, transmits at 99.2 MHz frequency and Radio
Foorti transmits at 88.0 MHz.
Sports[edit]
Shaheed Qamaruzzaman Stadium
There are three 15,000+ capacity stadium in the city. One at the centre of the city which
is normally called the Rajshahi District Stadium, another is inside the Rajshahi
University and the last one basically used for cricket is located at Terokhadia
called Shaheed Qamaruzzaman Stadium. There is also an international standard tennis
complex and few sports training academy in the city.
Many national level footballers groomed in the city such as arguably the best
goalkeeper in Bangladesh history. The city is the home of several national level club
teams like Digonto proshari and Sonali Otit. There are also a few football training
academies including one in the Rajshahi's central eidgah (large open ground used on
special occasions for Muslim prayers) and in the Zilla stadium.
The city is an important place for cricket in Bangladesh. As regular supplier of cricketer
in the national team, it is also the home of Bangladesh Premier League team Rajshahi
Kings. The city has two cricket academies Banglatrack and Clemon, to grow and train
upcoming cricketers.
Rajshahi is also known for hockey. There are many local hockey practice clubs that give
opportunity to play in national, inter-university, college, and school levels. There are
National Team hockey players from Rajshahi. Late Mintu was one of them and by his
name there is "Mintu Chottor" at lokkhipur mor, Rajshahi.
Transport[edit]
Road[edit]
Rajshahi is connected to most other parts of the country via the N6 national highway.
There are two intercity bus terminal in the city. It takes about 5 to 6 hours by road to
reach the capital city Dhaka. A number of bus services, including air-conditioned and
non-air conditioned buses, are available to and from Dhaka. Bus services to other major
cities and districts headquarter are also available from Rajshahi.
Railway[edit]
Four inter-city train services are operated by Bangladesh Railway, named Silk City
Express, Padma Express and Dhumketu Express, and Bonolota Express between
Dhaka and Rajshahi railway station regularly.[23] There are other inter-city, mail and local
trains operated from Rajshahi to Khulna and other regions of the country.
Air[edit]
The city is served by Shah Makhdum Airport, named after the Islamic preacher Shah
Makhdum Rupos, situated at Nowhata, a commuter town of the city. Biman Bangladesh
Airlines, Novoair, and US-Bangla Airlines operate domestic flights to and from Dhaka.
Tomtom
Public transport[edit]
Cycle rickshaws and auto rickshaws are the main mode of transport within the city and
metro area. Once there were plenty of Tomtom (horse driven cart) in the city, which are
still found, but fewer in numbers. There are bus and minibus services in a limited
number of routes, connecting suburban areas of the city. Plenty of rental car agencies
operate within the city and metro area, where sedans, SUVs, and micro-buses are
available to hire on an hourly or daily basis. Ride sharing services
like Uber and Obhai also available in the city.
Healthcare[edit]
The city has many government, private and NGO run hospitals. Rajshahi Medical
College Hospital (RMCH) is a tertiary level public hospital with a teaching facility in
graduate and postgraduate medical education. There are also a children's hospital, one
chest hospital, a district level government hospital and a Christian missionary hospital
within the city area. There are two private medical college hospitals, and another two
are under construction in the city.
Demographics[edit]
Population of the city proper is about 0.77 million.[4] The metro area (which includes
satellite towns of Nowhata and Katakhali) has an estimated population of about 1
million.
Bengali is the main language for the citizens of the city. Many distinctive Bengali
dialects and regional languages are also spoken. There is a minority Urdu-speaking
population, who are descendants of displaced Muslims from the eastern part of British
India who sought refuge during separation of India and Pakistan in 1947.
The literacy rate of the city is 74.1%. Islam makes up about 86% of total population;
about 13% people follow Hinduism, and 1% follow other religions like Buddhism, Jain,
Sikh and Christianity.[citation needed]
Education[edit]
Rajshahi is home to many government and private educational institutions. The city is
home to the Rajshahi College- which is the third oldest college in Bangladesh
after Dhaka College, and Chittagong College, Rajshahi Medical College, the second
oldest medical college in erstwhile East Pakistan. The University of Rajshahi is the
second oldest and one of the largest public universities in the country. Rajshahi
Engineering College, now known as RUET, was the second engineering college
established in the then East Pakistan in 1964.
Major educational institutes include:
See also[edit]
List of cities and towns in Bangladesh
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology
Rajshahi University
Bangladesh portal
References[edit]
1. ^ "Area, Population and Literacy Rate by Paurashava −2001" (PDF).
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on
17 December 2008. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
2. ^ "PM opens 8 new police stations in Rajshahi". Rising Sun. 22
February 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
3. ^ "Statistical Pocket book 2008, Bangladesh Bureau of
Statistics" Archived 19 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine
4. ^ Jump up to:a b "Rajshahi (Bangladesh): City Districts and Subdistricts
– Population Statistics in Maps and Charts".
5. ^ "Rajshahi: the city that took on air pollution – and won". The
Guardian. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
6. ^ "Rajshahi – Bangladesh".
7. ^ "800 years of Rajshahi city". The Independent. Archived from the
original on 6 June 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
8. ^ Singh, Nagendra Kr (1 January 2003). "Encyclopaedia Of
Bangladesh (Set Of 30 Vols.)". Anmol Publications Pvt. Limited – via
Google Books.
9. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Rajshahi" . Encyclopædia
Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
10. ^ Salik, Siddiq, Witness to Surrender, pp126
11. ^ "Bangladesh war: The article that changed history – Asia". BBC
News. 25 March 2010.
12. ^ Sharlach, Lisa (2000). "Rape as Genocide: Bangladesh, the Former
Yugoslavia, and Rwanda". New Political Science. 1 (22): 92–
93. doi:10.1080/713687893.
13. ^ Sajjad, Tazreena (2012). "The Post-Genocidal Period and its Impact
on Women". In Totten, Samuel (ed.). Plight and Fate of Women During
and Following Genocide. Transaction. p. 225. ISBN 978-1412847599.
14. ^ White, Matthew, Death Tolls for the Major Wars and Atrocities of the
Twentieth Century
15. ^ Jump up to:a b Team, Editorial (17 December 2017). "Why Do India
Celebrate 'Vijay Diwas' On 16th December". SSBToSuccess.
Retrieved 18 December 2017.
16. ^ "About us". Liberation War Museum. Archived from the original on 8
November 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
17. ^ "bbsgov.org".
18. ^ Jump up to:a b Graham-Harrison, Emma; Doshi, Vidhi (17 June
2016). "Rajshahi: the city that took on air pollution – and won". The
Guardian. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
19. ^ লালন শাহ পার্ষ ললজ দেওযা হবব না : রালির্. Kaler Kanthao (in
Bengali). Retrieved 28 August 2019.
20. ^ https://www.bangladeshpost.net/posts/construction-work-of-
bangabandhu-novo-theatre-goes-on-in-full-swing-in-rajshahi-22937
21. ^ "BMDA".
22. ^ পত্র-পত্রত্রর্া (in Bengali).
23. ^ "First Rajshahi-Dhaka direct train launched". The Daily Star.
Retrieved 11 July 2019.
24. ^ "Kunstlotteri for Rajshahi" [Art lottery for Rajshahi]. Kristiansand
Municipality (in Norwegian). [Every three years Kristiansands schools
and kindergartens hold an action for Rajshahi in Bangladesh, our
sister city since 1979.]
Notes[edit]
1. ^ Government of Bangladesh refers to administrative seat of its
divisions and districts as headquarters and not as capital.
External links[edit]
Rajshahiat Wikipedia's sister projects
Definitions from Wiktionary
v
t
e
Largest cities or towns in Bangladesh
Population and Housing Census 2011[1]
Chittagong
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: 4521213-2
N: n81071714
: 155949213
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