FUNCIONES DE LA VOZ PASIVA

La voz pasiva se utiliza para mostrar interés por la persona o cosa que es objeto de una acción,
en lugar de la persona o cosa que realiza dicha acción. Dicho de otro modo, la persona o cosa
más importante pasa a ser el sujeto de la oración.
EJEMPLOS
 The passive voice is used frequently. (= nos interesa la voz pasiva, no quién la usa.)
 The house was built in 1654. (= nos interesa la casa, no quién la construyó.)
 The road is being repaired. (= nos interesa la carretera, no quién la está arreglando.)
En ocasiones empleamos la voz pasiva porque desconocemos o no queremos mencionar quién
realizó la acción.
EJEMPLOS
 I noticed that a window had been left open.
 Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.
 All the cookies have been eaten.
 My car has been stolen!
La voz pasiva suele utilizarse en textos formales. Cambiar a la voz activa hará que lo que
escribes resulte más claro y fácil de leer.
PASIVA ACTIVA
A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few A fer well-chosen words convey a great deal
well-chosen words of meaning
Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases A mass of gases wrap around our planet
Waste materials are disposed of in a variety The city disposes of waste materials in a
of ways variety of ways
Si queremos decir quién o qué realiza la acción en una construcción en pasiva, empleamos la
preposición "by". Cuando sabemos quién realizó la acción y el sujeto nos interesa, siempre es
mejor optar por la voz activa.

PASIVA ACTIVA

A Hard "A Hard Day's Night" was written by the The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's
Beatles. Night".
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg. Spielberg directed the movie ET.

This house was built by my father. My father built this house.

FORMACIÓN DE LA VOZ PASIVA

En inglés, la voz pasiva está compuesta por dos elementos:

la forma apropiada del verbo "to be" + "past participle"

AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA INTERROGATIVAINTERROGATIVA

NEGATIVA
The house was built The house wasn’t Was the house built Wasn’t the house
in 1899 built in 1899 in 1899? built in 1899?
These houses were Theses houses Were these houses Weren’t these
built in 1899 weren`t built in 1899 built in 1899 houses built in 1899?
 TO CLEAN", VOZ PASIVA

Sujeto + "to be" (conjugado) + "past participle" + resto de la oración

Simple present

The house is cleaned every day.

Present continuous

The house is being cleaned at the moment.

Simple past

The house was cleaned yesterday.

Past continuous

The house was being cleaned last week.

Present perfect

The house has been cleaned since you left.

Past perfect

The house had been cleaned before they arrived.

Future

The house will be cleaned next week.

Future continuous

The house will be being cleaned tomorrow.

Present conditional

The house would be cleaned if they had visitors.

Past conditional

The house would have been cleaned if it had been dirty.

Inifinitivo

The house must be cleaned before we arrive.