arrangement.

4. If necessary you may use the following data:

Acceleration of free falt (g) =9.81m/s2

Density of water (dw) = 1kg/cm3

Atmospheric pressure (Pa) = 1.0 X 105

Pa

Surface tension of the soap ( ɣω) = 0.08 N/m

Wave length of sodium high (s) = 58900 pm Physics

Charge of electron (e) = 1.6 x 10-19C

Mass of electron (mp) = 9.11 x 10-31Kg

Mass of proton (mp) = 1.67 x 10-27Kg

Gravitational constant (G) = 6.7 X 10-11 NM2

/Kg2

Moment of inertic for the cylinder = 1⁄2 mr2

SECTION A

1. (a) Explain the followings

(i) Hotter liquids flow faster than cold ones. (01 mark)

(ii) Machine parts jammed in winter (01 mark)

(iii) Two stream lines cannot cross each other. (01 mark)

(b) Define

(i) Viscosity (01 mark)

(ii) Coefficient of viscosity. (01 mark)

(iii) A metal plate of 0.1m2

are is connected to a 0.01kg mass via a string that passes over an

ideal pulley. The plate is on the flat horizontal table while 0.01kg is hung vertically. A

liquid with film thickness of 0.3mm is placed between the plate and the table. When the

system released, the plate moves to the side of the mass at constant rate of 0.085 m/s.

find the coefficient by viscosity of the liquid. If the pulley is not ideal. Calculate the force

developed on the pulley. (06 marks)

(c) Define surface tension (01 mark)

There is a soap bubble of radius 2.4 x 10-4m in an air cylinder which is originally at atmospheric

pressure. The air in the cylinder as now compressed isothermally until the radius is halved. Calculate

the pressure of in the cylinder. (08 marks)

2. (a) (i) What is the best instrument used to separate white light into its constituent wave lengths.

(01 mark)

(ii) Define dispersion (01 mark)

(iii) A parallel beam of sodium light is incident normally on diffraction grating. The angle

between the two first order spectra on either side of normal is 2700

421

. Find the number of rulings

per mm on the grating. (04 marks)

(b) (i) Define destructive interference (01 mark)

Page 18 of 30

(ii) Two optically flat glass plates, in contact along the edge, make a very small angel with

each other. They are illuminated by red light of wavelength 750nm and blue light of wavelength
450nm. Looking down on the wedge the first place where it appears purple is 5.0 mm from the line

of contact. If red and blue light together produce purple light. Find the angle between the contacts.

(06 marks)

(c) When two identical waves travelling in opposite direction meet at a point, stationary wave is

formed.

(i) The term “stationary” means a body at rest. Explain the term in the wave concept.

(02 marks)

(ii) When a plane progressive wave have displacement if as the function of x and t is given by

y(x, t) = 0.01sin(4πt – 0.02πx) where y is measured in cm and x in mm, t in seconds,

calculate in S.I units, the amplitude, wave length and the velocity of the wave particles at the

coordinate (x,t) = (0.01,3.2) (05 marks)

3. (a) (i) Define fatigue as applied in solid deformation. (01 mark)

(ii) What is creep? (02 marks)

(iii) A cube is subjected to a pressure of 3 x 105 N/M2. Each side of the cube is shortened by

1%. Find the bulk modulus of the cube material. (05 marks)

(b) (a) (i) Define resonance as applied in vibrations. (01mark)

(ii) Give 4 applications of resonance. (04 marks)

(iii) Define simple harmonic motion.

(iv) Write down any oscillatory equation which is not SHM. (01 mark)

(c) An ideal gas is enclosed in a vertical cylinder and supports a freely moving piston of mass M. the

piston and cylinder have the same crossectional area A. Atmospheric pressure is Po and when the piston

is equilibrium, the volume of the gas is V. The piston is now displaced slightly from equilibrium position

and left. If the system is isolated from the surroundings. Show that the piston excute SHM having

frequency of


mv

χ P mg A A

2π

o

(06 marks)

SECTION B

4. (a) Explain the followings

(i) Water is more elastic than air. (02 marks)

(ii) Iron is more elastic than rubber (02 marks)

(iii) A wire is loaded with a weight of density 9 x 103

Kg/m3

and its length become 1.0m, when

the weight is shortened by 2.5mm. Find the original length of the wire. (07 marks)

(b) (i) Define hysterisis as applied in solid deformations. (01 marks)

(ii) Two wires of the same length and made of the same material are stretched by the same

force. If the radii of the wires are in the ratio of 1:4, what is the ratio elongation produced

(03 marks)
(c) (i) Explain the features of stress strain curve for the rubber. (02 marks)

(ii) What is the significance of each part in the curve. (03 marks)

5. (a) (i) Define electric field strength (01 mark)

Page 19 of 30

(ii) Derive the relation between electric field strength and electric potential. (02 marks)

(iii) Two positive charges +Q are held at a fixed distance d apart A small negative charge –q

having mass m is placed midway between the positive charges and then displaced at small displacement

y normal to the line joining the positive charges and then released. Show that the negative charge will

excute SHM of periodic

Qq

md T 1.66 10

5



(06 marks)

(b) The diagram below shows a proton as it moves between two charged parallel plates.

(i) Copy the diagram and draw electric field lines. Hence complete the path of the

proton in the field. (02 marks)

(ii) The force on the proton at any point horizontal level to B is 6.4 x 10-14N. On your

path (the path draw for the proton show the direction of the force on the proton
at any point on the path). (02 marks)

(iii) Is this force remain constant through the path? Explain. (01 mark)

(iv) Calculate minimum electric P.E required to complete the path. (02 marks)

(c) (i) State the Gause’s theorem (01 mark)

(ii) A thin walled copper pipe 3.0m long and 2cm in diameter carries a net charge of 5.8μc

distributed uniformly . What is the electric field 8.0cm from the axis of the pipe.

(03 marks)

6. (a) (i) Define “Coulomb” and Farad (02 marks)

(ii) Find the effective capacitance for the system below

(05 marks)

(b) (i) Derive, including raph the variation of the current with time during charging and

discharging processes. (04 marks)

(ii) By the process above explain how we can get initial charge stored by the sample

capacitor. (01 mark)

2.5cm

Proton C

+250V

+1000V
8F

8F

8F

8F 10F

QR

Page 20 of 30

(c) In a capacitors system, the capacitors of 2F and 3F are connected as shown to a batteries A

and B of e.m.f 6.0v and 10.0v respectively.

(i) Calculate the energy stored in each capacitor.

(03 marks)

(ii) When battery A terminals reversed calculate the energy stored in each capacitor.

(03 marks)

(iii) Calculate the energy in each capacitor when battery B is disconnected and X is connected

to Y. (02 marks)
SECTION C

7. (a) Explain the followings

(i) Proton can pass through magnetic field with neutron without separation one anoth

(02 marks)

(ii) A cyclotron cannot accelerate Ϫrays (01 mark)

(iii) Does the torque on a planar current loop in a magnetic field change when its shape is

changed without changing its geometrical area? (02 marks)

(b) State

(i) Biot - savart law (01 marks)

(ii) Ampere circuital law (01 marks)

(iii) Use one of the law to show that magnetic field due to the current carrying conductor due

to straight wire PQ at the distance a from the midway of the wire is given by

sinθ sinα

2πa

μoI B  

where  and  are the angle at the sample point to horizontal formed from points P to Q.(06 marks)

(iv) A circle of 2.5464m radius made of a wire carrying 2.50A. If the circle change to square.

Calculate the flux density at the centre of the square. (04 marks)

(c) The wire shown on fig. below carries a current of 10.0A. Determine the magnetic field induction

at the centre O.

(03 marks)
A

d.c

3F

2F

900

II

I
Page 21 of 30

8. (a) (i) Define Weber and Henry (02 marks)

(ii) Show that the induced e.m.f in a rotating disc area A in magnetic field B is gives by E = BAf

where f is the number of revolutions per second. (04 marks)

(b) A toroid Solenoid with an air core has an average radius of 15cm and 12cm2

area of crossection

is wounded with 1200 turns.

(i) Calculate the self-inductance of the toroid. (05 marks)

(ii) A second coil of 300 turns is wound closely on the above toroid. If the current in the

primary coil is changed from zero to 2A in 0.05s. find the inductance in the second coil.

(04 marks)

(c) Two concentric circular coils, one of small radius r1 and the other of large radius r2, such that

r1<<r2 are placed co-axially with centres coinciding obtain the mutual inductance of the

arrangement. (05 marks)

9. (a) Define:-

(i) Decay constant (01 mark)

(ii) Half-life of radioactive decay (01 mark)

(b) Use radioactivity relation for number of atoms N and No to deduce activity relation I and Io.

Draw the graph of number of atoms N against time for any radioactive material. (06 marks)

(c) (i) Define the term photoelectric effect and establish Einsteins photoelectric effect

equation. (05 marks)

(ii) With the aid of curve explain briefly three important features of x – rays. (07 marks)