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Krok1 - Medicine - 2017 PDF
Krok1 - Medicine - 2017 PDF
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Krok 1
MEDICINE
General Instruction
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corresponding Latin letter on the answer sheet.
ББК 54.1я73
УДК 61
Authors of items: Ananko S.Ya., Antonenko V.P., Bielan S.M., Bielienichev I.F., Blinder O.O.,
Bohatyrova O.V., Boikiv D.P., Bondarenko N.M., Bordiakivska L.H., Brazhnikov A.M., Chekman I.S.,
Cherednyk S.A., Cherkas L.P., Cherkashyna L.P., Danylchuk V.V., Datsko T.V., Deineka S.Ye.,
Demianenko I.A., Diadyk O.O., Duhadko L.M., Dzevulska I.V., Fartushok N.V., Fedoniuk L.Ya.,
Fedorchenko O.V., Fedorchenko O.Ye., Fomenko I.S., Haidash I.S., Hanziy T.V., Herasymovych E.V.,
Hliebova L.Yu., Holod B.V., Horhol N.I., Hrechyn A.B., Hryha I.V., Hrytsyna I.V., Huzik N.M.,
Ivanova A.Y., Ivanova S.A., Ivchenko R.A., Kaptiukh R.P., Karvatsky I.M., Kava T.V., Kazak L.I.,
Khara M.R., Khripkov I.S., Kikhtenko O.V., Kiriakulov H.S., Klishch I.M., Klopotsky H.A.,
Kolesnikova S.V., Kolot E.H., Korolenko H.S., Kratenko H.S., Kratinova M.A., Kriuk Yu.Ya.,
Krushynska T.Yu., Kryshtal M.V., Kukurychkin Ye.R., Kulakov A.Yu., Kulikova N.A., Kyriukhin I.F.,
Linchevska L.P., Lisniak O.I., Luchko I.M., Makovetsky O.V., Maksymchuk T.P., Malyshev S.L.,
Matiushenko P.M., Matveiko L.M., Melnychuk I.B., Meshchyshen I.F., Mikhieieva N.H., Mishchenko A.V.,
Mishchenko A.F., Mishchenko K.M., Mishchenko N.P., Mishyn V.V., Moseichuk I.P., Mozghunov O.V.,
Mruh V.M., Mykula M.M., Naumova O.V., Nikolenko O.H., Obraztsova O.H., Oleshchuk O.M.,
Oliynyk I.Yu., Omelchenko O.D., Opryshko V.I., Ovchynnikov S.O., Papinko I.Ya., Pavliy S.Y.,
Piskunova N.V., Pobihun A.A., Polevyk I.V., Popova L.D., Redko R.P., Romanenko M.I., Romanenko O.V.,
Rosola T.F., Rozghoniuk Yu.D., Rukavyshnikova S.M., Rudnytska O.H., Saiuk N.P., Sas L.M.,
Savchenko N.V., Savenko L.D., Selsky P.R., Semenets P.F., Semeniuk T.M., Serdiuchenko I.Ya.,
Servetnyk M.I., Shanko V.M., Shapoval O.M., Shenderiuk O.P., Shevtsova A.I., Shliakhovenko O.O.,
Shutak V.I., Siedov V.I., Sikoryn Ya.Ya., Skorobohata T.H., Skorobohatova Z.M., Snehir A.H.,
Stebliuk M.V., Stetsenko S.O., Siusarev A.A., Suprunov K.V., Svirsky O.O., Sydorenko I.I., Tarasova K.V.,
Terekhovska O.I., Tkachenko V.P., Tomashova S.A., Tsehelsky A.A., Tuchak O.I., Tusyk O.T.,
Tvorko M.S., Vasylieva A.H., Verbytsky V.V., Verkhova O.O., Vernyhor O.O., Vilkhova I.V.,
Vinnikov Yu.M., Voitsekhovsky V.H., Volobuiev M.A., Vorobets Z.D., Yashchyshyn Z.M.,
Yastremska S.O., Yelsky V.M., Zdykhovsky I.O., Zelenina N.M., Zhulinsky V.O., Zhuravel T.O.,
Zviaholska I.M. and Committees of professional expertise.
Item reviewers. Ananko S.Ya., Basy R.V., Bilash S.M., Deineka S. Ye., Deltsova O.I., Demydova K.Yu.,
Fomina L.V., Hahrin V.V., Haidash I.S., Holovatiuk O.L., Horhol N.I., Kava T.V., Koldunov V.V.,
Korolenko H.S., Kovalchuk L.Ye., Linchevska L.P., Maly K.D., Melnikova O.V., Melnyk N.O.,
Neporada K.S., Nikolenko O. H., Ovchynnikov S. O., Prokofieva N. V., Pushkar M. S., Pykaliuk V. S.,
Salata O.V., Shevelenkova A.V., Shumeiko O.V., Sikora V.Z., Skliarov O.Ya., Skorobohatova Z.M.,
Synytska A.M., Tananakina T.P., Teleshova O.V., Tertyshny S.I., Tkachuk S.S., Trzhetsynsky S.D,
Vinnykov Yu.M., Vorobets Z.D., Yoltukhivsky M.V., Zelenina N.M., Zhadinsky M.V., Zhylinsky V.O.,
Zinkovska L.Ya.
The book includes test items for use at licensing integrated examination “Krok 1. Medicine” and
further use in teaching.
The book has been developed for students of medical, pediatric and medical-and-prophylactic
faculties and academic staff of higher medical educational establishments.
A. Papilloma A. Proserin
B. Fibroma B. Platyphyllin
C. Polyp C. Cyclodol (Trihexyphenidyl)
D. Angioma D. Atropine
E. Angiofibroma E. Dithyline (Suxamethonium chloride)
22. A shepherd, who tended to the flock of 26. Examination of the patient with
sheep with his dogs, gradually developed traumatic brain injury revealed that he has
pain in the chest and bloody expectorati- lost the ability to discern the movement
ons. X-ray revealed spheric helminth larvae of an object on the skin. What part of the
in the patient’s lungs. Specify the helminth cerebral cortex is damaged?
that could be the causative agent of this di-
sease: A. Posterior central gyrus
B. Occipital lobe
A. Echinococcus C. Parietal lobe
B. Hymenolepis nana D. Frontal lobe
C. Diphylobotrium latum E. Anterior central gyrus
D. Fasciola hepatica
E. Taenia solium 27. Blood test of the patient revealed
albumine content of 20 g/l and increased
23. A 67-year-old patient with cli- activity of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme
nical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis, 5 (LDH5). These results indicate disorder of
pneumosclerosis, and cardiopulmonary the following organ:
decompensation has the biopsy material
taken from the suspicious area in his ri- A. Liver
ght bronchus mucosa. Cellular and tissue B. Kidneys
atypism along with pearly bodies can be C. Heart
histologically detected. What pathologic D. Lungs
process is characterized by the described E. Spleen
histological changes?
28. Section shows significant enlargement
A. Squamous cell carcinoma of bronchus of the patient’s right kidney. There is a
with keratinization nephrolith at the place of incision. Renal
B. Polypoid chronic bronchitis pelvic lumen is distended with accumulating
C. Bronchiectasis urine. Renal parenchyma is acutely thinned
D. Acute bronchitis out. What is the most correct diagnosis?
E. Squamous cell metaplasia of bronchial
mucosa A. Hydronephrosis
B. Pyelectasis
24. A child with point mutation presents C. Hydroureteronephrosis
with absence of glucose 6-phosphatase, D. Renal cyst
hypoglycemia, and hepatomegaly. What E. Nephroblastoma
pathology are these signs characteristic of?
29. A patient demonstrates sharp decrease
A. Von Gierke’s disease (Glycogen storage of pulmonary surfactant activity. This condi-
disease type I) tion can result in:
B. Cori’s disease (Glycogen storage disease
type III) A. Alveolar tendency to recede
B. Decreased airways resistance
C. Addison’s disease (Primary adrenal C. Decreased work of expiratory muscles
insufficiency) D. Increased pulmonary ventilation
D. Parkinson’s disease E. Hyperoxemia
E. McArdle’s disease (Glycogen storage
disease type V) 30. After a case of cold the patient
developed a lacrimation disorder. This di-
25. At the 2-3 day after the gastric resection sorder was caused by functional disturbance
the patient’s intestinal peristalsis failed to of the following autonomic ganglion:
restore. What should the patient be prescri-
bed to stimulate the function of his gastroi- A. Pterygopalatine
ntestinal tract? B. Ciliary
C. Otic
D. Submandibular
E. Sublingual
31. A patient is diagnosed with diabetic
coma. Blood sugar is 18,44 mmol/l. What
Krok 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017 рiк 4
41. On autopsy the dissector determined cells and venous sinusoids. What organ can
that the lungs are enlarged, pale, soft, do not be characterized by these morphological
deflate, crunch when cut. Microscopically features?
there are dilated alveolar ducts, alveolar
septa are thin, and signs of intracapillary A. Adrenal gland
sclerosis are observed. What pulmonary di- B. Kidney
sorder are these presentations characteristic C. Lymph node
of? D. Thymus
E. Thyroid gland
A. Emphysema
B. Pneumosclerosis 46. A child with suspected colienteritis was
C. Pneumothorax delivered to the infectious diseases hospital.
D. Atelectasis Colibacillus was obtained from the child’s
E. Pneumonia feces. How to determine whether this baci-
llus is of pathogenic variety?
42. During removal of the hyperplastic
thyroid gland of a 47-year-old woman, A. Agglutination reaction with serum 0
the parathyroid gland was damaged. B. Based on its biochemical properties
One month after the surgery the pati- C. By means of bacteriophage typing
ent developed signs of hypoparathyroi- D. Microscopy of stained smears
dism: frequent convulsions, hyperreflexia, E. Based on the nature of its growth in Endo
laryngospasm. What is the most likely cause medium
of the patient’s condition?
47. A patient ungergoes right-sided
A. Hypocalcemia pulmonectomy due to lung cancer. Name
B. Hyponatremia the anatomical structures of the right lung
C. Hyperchlorhydria radix (downward order):
D. Hypophosphatemia
E. Hyperkalemia A. Bronchus, artery, veins
B. Artery, bronchus, veins
43. On examination the patient presents C. Artery, veins, bronchus
with hirsutism, moon-shaped face, stretch D. Veins, artery, bronchus
marks on the abdomen. BP is 190/100 mm E. Veins, bronchus, artery
Hg, blood glucose is 17,6 mmol/l. What
pathology is such clinical presentation 48. In a township there was registered
characteristic of? an outbreak of hepatitis, which was attri-
buted to water supply. What hepatitis virus
A. Adrenocortical hyperfunction could be the cause of the outbreak in this
B. Hyperthyroidism township?
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Gonadal hypofunction A. Hepatitis E virus
E. Hyperfunction of the insular apparatus B. Hepatitis C virus
C. Hepatitis D virus
44. Histological specimen of the ovary D. Hepatitis G virus
shows large hollow structures. Primary E. Hepatitis B virus
oocyte within these structures is surrounded
with transparent membrane and radiati- 49. A 64-year-old woman presents with di-
ng crown and is situated in the cumulus sturbed fine motor function of her fingers,
oophorus, the wall is made of follicular cell marked muscle rigidity, and tremor. The
layer and theca. What ovarian structure can neurologist diagnosed her with Parkinson’s
be characterized by these morphological disease. What brain structures are damaged
features? resulting in this disease?
45. Histological specimen demonstrates 50. Due to prolonged taking of a drug the
a parenchymal organ with cortical patient can develop osteoporosis, gastric
and medullary substances. The cortical mucosal erosions, hypokalemia, sodium
substance is composed of bands of epitheli- and water retention, and decreased blood
al cells with capillary blood vessels between content of corticotropine. Specify this drug:
them. The bands form three zones. The
medullary substance consists of сhromaffin
Krok 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017 рiк 6
A. DNA based on the viral RNA matrix 68. A 40-year-old man developed skin
B. Viral RNA based on the DNA matrix redness and swelling in the neck area,
C. Viral protein based on the viral RNA where eventually a small abscess appeared.
matrix On section the focus is dense and yellow-
D. Viral DNA based on the DNA matrix green colored. In the purulent masses there
E. Informational RNA based on the viral are white granules. Histologically there
protein matrix are fungal druses, plasma and xanthome
cells, and macrophages detected. Specify
63. A woman with dense area in her the most correct etiological name of this
mammary gland came to a surgeon. To mi- pathological process:
nimize the trauma to the mammary gland
lobule during the operation the surgeon A. Actinomycosis
should make the incision: B. Furuncle
C. Carbuncle
A. Radially D. Syphilis
B. Vertically E. Leprosy
C. Transversely
D. Arcuately 69. In preparation for business trip abroad
E. - the doctor was prescribed a histoschi-
zontocidal antimalarial drug as a personal
64. Electrical activity of neurons is being means of disease prevention. What drug was
measured. They fire prior to and at the given to the doctor?
beginning of inhalation. Where are these
neurons situated?
Krok 1 Medicine (англомовний варiант, iноземнi студенти) 2017 рiк 8
the reddening of his face and hot sensati- 199. Due to trauma the patient presents wi-
on. What type of arterial hyperemia did the th disturbed function of the parotid gland.
student develop in this case? What nerve ensures its secretion function?
A. Neurotonic A. N. petrosus minor
B. Metabolic B. N. petrosus major
C. Postischemic C. N. petrosus profundus
D. Pathologic D. N. auricularis minor
E. Neuroparalytic E. N. auricularis major
198. An injured person with wound of 200. A patient developed pyoinflammatory
the anterior cervical region presents with process of periodontal tissues caused by
hemorrhage. The outflowing blood is dark. activation of the microorganisms inherent
What vessel is damaged? in the body, which are a part of oral mucosal
microflora. What type of infection is it?
A. V. jugularis anterior
B. V. jugularis externa A. Autoinfection
C. V. jugularis interna B. Exogenous infection
D. A. carotis externa C. Reinfection
E. A. thyroidea superior D. Superinfection
E. Relapse
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