Running head: CASE STUDY ON PNEUMOTHORAX 1

Case Study on Pneumothorax

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation
[TITLE OF CASE] 2

Case Study on Pneumothorax

A.W., a 52-year-old woman disabled from severe emphysema, was walking at a mall

when she suddenly grabbed her right side and gasped, “Oh, something just popped.” A.W.

whispered to her walking companion, “I can't get any air.” Her companion yelled for someone to

call 911 and helped her to the nearest bench. By the time the rescue unit arrived, A.W. was

stuporous and in severe respiratory distress. She was intubated, an IV of lactated Ringer's (LR) to

KVO (keep vein open) was started, and she was transported to the nearest emergency department

(ED). On arrival at the ED, the physician auscultates muffled heart tones, no breath sounds on

the right, and faint sounds on the left. A.W. is stuporous, tachycardic, and cyanotic. The

paramedics inform the physician that it was difficult to ventilate A.W. A portable chest x-ray

(CXR) shows an 80% pneumothorax on the right

Case Discussion

Unless required in the instructions, the headers should be used only in five-or-more-page

papers. The first sentence of a paragraph is always a topic sentence. It states the main idea or

argument presented in the paragraph. Topic sentence should be followed by supporting

information from the reliable and up-to-date sources. Avoid plagiarism using direct and/or

indirect citations followed by an in-text citation mentioning an author’s surname and a year of

publication (Pears & Graham, 2016). Only direct quotes require a page number in an in-text

citation. Do not leave a paragraph with a citation at the end. Every paragraph should end with a

transition sentence serving as a bridge between two adjacent paragraphs.

Medications

Use second level heading to specify the subpoints contributing to the topic mentioned in

the previous header. Regular paragraph indentation is required in this case. Please note that one
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paragraph should at least contain 3 sentences and should not exceed 200 words. Try to avoid

generic and vague information, be specific and always refer to the thesis, i.e. the core argument

of an essay.

Prednisone. Text follows immediately after this type of a heading, no additional

indentation is required. This type of a heading is applicable for the multiple-page papers, as it

contributes to well-organization and cohesiveness of a huge (more than 10 pages) paper.

Vancomycin. Text follows immediately after this type of a heading, no additional

indentation is required. This type of a heading is applicable for the multiple-page papers, as it

contributes to well-organization and cohesiveness of a huge (more than 10 pages) paper.

Expected Outcomes

Use second level heading to specify the subpoints contributing to the topic mentioned in

the previous header. Regular paragraph indentation is required in this case. Please note that one

paragraph should at least contain 3 sentences and should not exceed 200 words. Try to avoid

generic and vague information, be specific and always refer to the thesis, i.e. the core argument

of an essay.

Increased mobility. Text follows immediately after this type of a heading, no additional

indentation is required. This type of a heading is applicable for the multiple-page papers, as it

contributes to well-organization and cohesiveness of a huge (more than 10 pages) paper.

Decreased muscle pain. Text follows immediately after this type of a heading, no

additional indentation is required. This type of a heading is applicable for the multiple-page

papers, as it contributes to well-organization and cohesiveness of a huge (more than 10 pages)

paper.
[TITLE OF CASE] 4

Conclusion

Please note that there is no page brake before the conclusion, i.e. it should not be

presented on a separate page. It should restate the thesis statement, summarize the key ideas

presented in the paper, contain no new or outside information, and approximately take 10% of

the required word count.

For more information concerning in-text citations of sources containing more than two

authors, other types of references, as well as detailed APA formatting style requirements please

visit:

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/ge

neral_format.html
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References

Pears, R., & Shields, G. J. (2016). Cite them right: the essential referencing guide. London:

Palgrave Macmillan.