Cardi/o=heart, cardiac (Adj), cardi (R), cardium

Old: kardi/o=heart eg. EKG

Eg. Cardiology, cardiovascular (CVS), cardiopulmonary, cardiothoracic (thorax=chest),
EKG/ECG=electrocardiogram

Thorac/o=thorax/chest; thoracic, thoraces.

Also: pect/o, steth/o = chest
Eg. Intrathoracic, thoracoabdominal, thoracic spine/strain/pain/sprain/vertebrae
Angina pectoris=chest pain; pectoralis muscle, sthethoscope

Coron/o=crown/around the heart: for eg. CAD=coronary artery disease

Coronary angiogram, coronary angioplasty (angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o=blood vessels; eg.
Vasodilators, vascular, angiogram, angioplasty)

Peri=around, endo=inner, supra/epi=above, inter=between; intra=within, extra=outside,

infra/sub=below, etc.

Pericardi/o=around the heart; pericardium; eg. Pericardial effusion

Endocardi/o=inner heart lining eg. SBE=subacute bacterial endocarditis
Myocardi/o=middle, muscular heart layer
Eg. MI=myocardial infarction (heart attack); also myocardial ischemia

Dictated: Am I cute.
Trancrbed: Myocardial infarction (MI), acute.

Dictated: EMI/AMI
Transcribed: Myocardial infarction (MI).

Ventricle, ventricles, ventricul/o=lower heart chamber; eg. Vfib or VF=ventricular

fibrillation, AV=atrioventricular eg. AV valve, AV bundle, AV block, etc.

Atrium (sing), atria (pl) atrial (adj), atri/o (comb form)=upper heart chamber; eg.
Afib/AF=atrial fibrillation, atrial hypertrophy, etc.

Apex, apices, apical, apic/o=heart’s pointed portion; apical beat, apical murmur,
apical impulse, etc.

Valve (vs wall), valves, valv/o (s/l: vulva, uvula) = heart valves (mitral, bicuspid,
tricuspid, aortic, pulmonary, semilunar, AV valve)

Eg. Valvotomy, valvuloplasty, VS=valvular stenosis, VHD=valvular heart disease,

etc.

Eg. Mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation (MR), tricuspid regurgitation (TR),

tricuspid stenosis, aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, etc.
Largest artery: Aorta, aortae, aortal, aort/o=largest vessel/artery in the body
Eg. Aortopulmonary, descending aorta, arch of the aorta, etc.
Aortic valve, aortic stenosis, AAA=abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Pulmonary artery/vein/circulation/valve, etc.

Vena cava (sing), vanae cavae (pl), vana caval, van/o cav/o= superior and inferior
venae cavae =largest veins in the body. Eg. Cavotomy, etc.

Phleb/o, ven/o, veni=veins eg. Phlebotomist, thrombophlebitis, phlebotomy, etc.

Arteriovenous (AV), intravenous (IV), venogram, etc.

Artery (sing/noun), arteriole, ateri/o, arter (root), arteries (pl) = thick walled
arteries (arteri/o vs arthr/o (joint) vs orth/o)
Eg. Arteriosclerosis, arteriostenosis, arterial hypertension, arteriosclerotic heart
disease (AHD), arteriolitis, etc.