1.

Să se determine integrala nedefinită:

1 (1+3𝑥)5
∫(1 + 3𝑥)4 𝑑𝑥 = 3 ∙ 5
+𝐶
1
∫ 𝑓(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑎 𝐹(𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏) + 𝐶.
1 1
2. ∫ sin(2 − 7𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = −7 [− cos(2 − 7𝑥)] + 𝐶 = 7 cos(2 − 7𝑥) + 𝐶.
𝑡 = 2 − 7𝑥, 𝑑𝑡 = (2 − 7𝑥)′ 𝑑𝑥 = −7𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 1 1
∫ sin(2 − 7𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 [ 𝑑𝑡 ] = ∫ sin 𝑡 −7 = −7 ∫ sin 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = −7 (− cos 𝑡) + +𝐶 =
𝑑𝑥 = −7
1 1
cos 𝑡 + 𝐶 = 7 cos(2 − 7𝑥) + 𝐶.
7
1 63𝑥+7
3. ∫ 63𝑥+7 𝑑𝑥 = 3 ∙ + 𝐶.
ln 6
Să se determine integrala nedefinită cu utilizarea metodei integrării prin substituţie.
𝑑𝑥
∫ = ln|𝑥| + 𝐶
𝑥
𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑡 = 2 + 7𝑥 2 , 𝑑𝑡 = (2 + 7𝑥 2 )′ 𝑑𝑥 = 14𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑡
1 𝑑𝑡 1
14𝑥
4. ∫ 2+7𝑥 2 ⌊ 𝑑𝑡 ⌋=∫ = 14 ∫ = 14 ln|𝑡| + 𝐶 =
𝑑𝑥 = 14𝑥 𝑡 𝑡
1
= 14 ln|2 + 7𝑥 2 | + 𝐶
𝑡 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑑𝑡 = (𝑥 2 )′ 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 1 1 2𝑡 1 2𝑥
2
2𝑥
2
𝑥2
5. ∫ 𝑥 ∙ 2 𝑑𝑥 [ 𝑑𝑡 ] = ∫ 𝑥 ∙ 2𝑡 2𝑥 = 2 ∫ 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 2 ln 2 + 𝐶 = 2 ln 2 + 𝐶 = ln 4 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑡 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥
𝑎𝑥
∫ 𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln 𝑎 + 𝐶
𝑡 = cos 𝑥 , 𝑑𝑡 = (cos 𝑥)′ 𝑑𝑥 = − sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑡4
3
6. ∫ sin 𝑥 ∙ cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ 𝑑𝑡 ] = ∫ sin 𝑥 ∙ 𝑡 3 − sin 𝑥 = − ∫ 𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡 = − 4 +
𝑑𝑡 = − sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑥 = − sin 𝑥
cos4 𝑥
+𝐶 = − +𝐶
4
𝑥 𝛼+1
∫ 𝑥 𝛼 𝑑𝑥 = 𝛼+1
+𝐶
𝑡 = 7𝑥 2 + 1, 𝑑𝑡 = (7𝑥 2 + 1)′ 𝑑𝑥 = 14𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 1 1 𝑡9
2 8
7. ∫ 𝑥(7𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 [ 𝑑𝑡 ] = ∫ 𝑥(𝑡)8 14𝑥 = 14 ∫ 𝑡 8 𝑑𝑡 = 14 +𝐶 =
𝑑𝑡 = 14𝑥𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑥 = 14𝑥 9
9
1 (7𝑥 2 +1)
= 14 +𝐶
9
𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑡 = 7 − 𝑥 4 , 𝑑𝑡 = (7 − 𝑥 4 )′ 𝑑𝑥 = −4𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 𝑥3
𝑑𝑡
1 𝑑𝑡 1 1
1
− +1
1 𝑡 2
8. ∫ √7−𝑥4 = [ 𝑑𝑡 ] = −∫ 4𝑥3
= −4∫ = − 4 ∫ 𝑡 −2 𝑑𝑡 = − 4 ∙ +
𝑑𝑡 = −4𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑥 = − √𝑡 √𝑡
1
− +1
4𝑥 3 2
1
1
1 𝑡2 1 1 1
+𝐶 = − 4 ∙ 1 + 𝐶 = − ∙ 𝑡2 + 𝐶 = − ∙ √𝑡 + 𝐶 = − ∙ √7 − 𝑥4 + 𝐶.
2 2 2
2
′ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑡 = √𝑥 − 1, 𝑑𝑡 = (√𝑥 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 = 2 =
√𝑥−1 2𝑡 2
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 (𝑡 2 +1) 2𝑡𝑑𝑡
9. ∫ 𝑑𝑡 =
𝑑𝑥
, 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑡𝑑𝑡 =∫ = 2 ∫(𝑡 2 + 1)2 𝑑𝑡 = 2 ∫(𝑡 4 + 2𝑡 2 + 1)𝑑𝑡
√𝑥−1 2𝑡 𝑡

[ 𝑡 = √𝑥 − 1, 𝑡 = 𝑥 − 1, 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 + 1
2 ]
5 3 5 3
4
𝑡 2
𝑡 (√𝑥 − 1) (√𝑥 − 1)
2 ∫ 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 2 ∫ 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 + 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑡 = 2 ∙ + 4 ∙ + 2𝑡 + 𝐶 = 2 ∙ +4∙ + 2(√𝑥 − 1) + 𝐶 =
5 3 5 3
(𝑥−1)2 √𝑥−1 (𝑥−1)√𝑥−1
=2∙ +4∙
+ 2(√𝑥 − 1) + 𝐶
5 3
𝑡 = 𝑥 + 2, 𝑑𝑡 = (𝑥 + 2)′ 𝑑𝑥
5 𝑡7
10. ∫(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥𝑑𝑥 [ 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑥, 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡 ] = ∫ 𝑡 5 (𝑡 − 2)𝑑𝑡 = ∫(𝑡 6 − 2𝑡 5 )𝑑𝑡 = ∫ 𝑡 6 𝑑𝑡 − 2 ∫ 𝑡 5 𝑑𝑡 = 7 −
𝑥 =𝑡−2
𝑡6 (𝑥+2)7 (𝑥+2)6
−2 ∙ 6 + 𝐶 = 7 − 3 + 𝐶
 sin2 𝑥 + cos 2 𝑥 = 1
cos 2 𝑥 − sin2 𝑥 = cos 2𝑥
sin 𝑥 + cos2 𝑥 − cos 2 𝑥 + sin2 𝑥 = 1 − cos 2𝑥
2
2 1 cos 2𝑥 1 1
11. ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 sin2 𝑥 = 1 − cos 2𝑥 = ∫ (2 − 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 − 2 ∫ cos 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
1 cos 2𝑥
sin2 𝑥 = 2 − 2
1 cos 2𝑥
[ cos 2 𝑥 = 2 + 2 ]
1 1 1 1
= 2 𝑥 − 2 ∫ cos 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑥 − 4 sin 2𝑥 + 𝐶
Să se determine integrala nedefinită a fracţiilor raţionale:
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 1 𝑥+1−2
12. ∫ 12−8𝑥−4𝑥2 = − 4 ∫ −3+2𝑥+𝑥 2 = − 4 ∫ 𝑥 2 +2∙1∙𝑥+1−1−3 = − 4 ∫ 𝑥 2 +2∙1∙𝑥+1−4 = − 4 ∫ (𝑥+1)2 −22 = − 4 ∙ 4 ln |𝑥+1+2| +
1 𝑥−1
+𝐶 = − 16 ln |𝑥+3| + 𝐶
3
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 1 𝑥− √7 2𝑥−3
2
13. ∫ 8−6𝑥+2𝑥 2 = ∫
2 4−3𝑥+𝑥 2
= ∫
2 𝑥 2 −2∙3𝑥+9−9+4
= ∫ 2 = ∙ arctg +𝐶 = arctg 7 + 𝐶
2 3 2 √7 2 √7 √7 7 √
2 4 4 (𝑥− ) +( ) 2 2
2 2
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥 1
14. ∫ = ∫ = ∫ = ∫ = ln |𝑥 + 1 + √(𝑥 + 1)2 − 32 | + 𝐶.
√3𝑥 2 +6𝑥−24 √3 √𝑥 2 +2𝑥−8 √3 √𝑥 2 +2∙1∙𝑥+1−1−8 √3 √(𝑥+1)2 −32 √3
2
𝑡 = 𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 5
2𝑥+3 1 2𝑥+3 = (2𝑥 + 3)𝑑𝑥 ] = 1 ∫ 2𝑥+3 𝑑𝑡 1 𝑑𝑡 1 1
15. ∫ 3𝑥2 +9𝑥+15 𝑑𝑥 = ∫
3 𝑥 2 +3𝑥+5
𝑑𝑥 [𝑑𝑡 3 𝑡 2𝑥+3
= 3∫ 𝑡
= 3 ln 𝑡 + 𝐶 = 3 ln|𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5| + 𝐶
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥+3

3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 5
3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 15 3
3𝑥 2 −𝑥+1 5𝑥 + 16 5𝑥+16 5𝑥+16
16. ∫ 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 = 3𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5

5 10
𝑡 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 5
(2𝑥−2)+(16+ )
5𝑥+16
∫ 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 𝑑𝑥 =∫ 2 2
𝑑𝑥 =
5 (2𝑥−2)𝑑𝑥
∫ +
𝑑𝑥
21 ∫ 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 =
5 (2𝑥−2)𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡
∫ [ = (2𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 ] + 21 ∫ 𝑑𝑥
=
𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 2 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 2 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 𝑑𝑡 𝑥 2 −2𝑥+1−1−5
𝑑𝑥 = (2𝑥−2)
𝑑𝑡
5 (2𝑥−2) 𝑑𝑥 5 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 5 1 𝑥−1−√6 5
(2𝑥−2)
= ∫ + 21 ∫ (𝑥−1)2 = ∫ + 21 ∫ 2 = ln 𝑡 + 21 ∙ ln | |+ 𝐶 = ln|𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 5| + 21 ∙
2 𝑡 −6 2 𝑡 (𝑥−1)2 −(√6) 2 2√6 𝑥−1+√6 2
1 𝑥−1−√6
ln | |+𝐶
2√6 𝑥−1+√6
2
3𝑥 −𝑥+1 5 1 𝑥−1−√6
∫ 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−5 𝑑𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 2 ln|𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 5| + 21 ∙ 2
√6
ln |𝑥−1+ 6| +
√
𝐶.
𝑢 = ln 𝑥 , 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
17. ∫ ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ 𝑑𝑥 ] = 𝑥 ln 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑥 𝑥 = 𝑥 ln 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 ln 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝐶.
𝑑𝑢 = (ln 𝑥)′ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 , 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑢 = 3𝑥 + 1, 𝑑𝑣 = sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
18. ∫(3𝑥 + 1) sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ ] = −(3𝑥 + 1) cos 𝑥 −
𝑑𝑢 = (3𝑥 + 1)′ 𝑑𝑥 = 3𝑑𝑥, 𝑣 = ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑥
− ∫(− cos 𝑥)3𝑑𝑥 = −(3𝑥 + 1) cos 𝑥 + 3 ∫ cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −(3𝑥 + 1) cos 𝑥 + 3 sin 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑢 = 𝑥, 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
19. ∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ ] = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥, 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑥, 𝑑𝑣 = 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥 1 3𝑥 1 3𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
20. ∫ 𝑥3 𝑑𝑥 [ 3𝑥] = 𝑥 ∙ − ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 ∙ − ∫ 3 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 ∙ − ∙ +𝐶
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥, 𝑣 = ∫ 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln 3 ln 3 ln 3 ln 3 ln 3 ln 3 ln 3 ln 3

𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥 , 𝑑𝑣 = sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
21. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ ] = −𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑥 +
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥, 𝑣 = ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑥
𝑢 = cos 𝑥 , 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
+ ∫(cos 𝑥)𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 [ ] = −𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑑𝑢 = − sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥, 𝑣 = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥