Introduction to

Electronics

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Week 7:
BJTs

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 Bipolar Junction
Transistor
Introduction
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Introduce the bipolar junction transistor

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Examined common source amplifier

3
Lesson Objectives

 Introduce bipolar junction transistor

4
NPN BJT Structure
Collector
Anode

N
P
Base P Diode Structure
N
N
Cathode
Emitter
5
Symbol and Packages

6
Regions of Operation

Region Collector-Base Base-Emitter

Junction Junction
Cutoff Reverse Reverse
Saturation Forward Forward
Active Reverse Forward
Reverse Active Forward Reverse

7
Summary

 Introduced bipolar junction transistor (BJT)

 Examined BJT symbol, structure, and uses

8
Next Lesson

 BJT terminal characteristics

9
 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 BJT Terminal
Characteristics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Examine bipolar junction transistor terminal characteristics

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Introduced the Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

3
Lesson Objectives

 Examine BJT terminal characteristics

4
Characteristic Curves

5
Characteristic Curves

6
Regions of Operation
Cutoff Region Active Region Saturation Region

β = Base to collector current gain. Typical value = 100.

α = Emitter to collector current gain. Typical value = 0.99.

7
Active Region

IS0 = Zero bias saturation current. Typical value = 1E-15 A.

β0 = Zero bias base to collector current gain.
Typical value = 100.
α = Emitter to collector current gain = β/(β+1).
Typical value = 0.99.
VA = Early Voltage. Typical value = 150.

8
Summary

 Examined BJT terminal characteristics

9
Next Lesson

 BJT parameters

10
 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 Bipolar Junction
Transistor
Parameters
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Examine bipolar junction transistor parameters

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Introduced bipolar junction transistor

3
Lesson Objective

 Relate BJT parameters to characteristic curves

4
Active Region

5
Changing Early Voltage

6
Changing Beta

7
Changing Saturation Current IS

8
Summary

 Determined how BJT parameters affect characteristics

9
Next Lesson

 BJT Curve Tracer Measurements

10
 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 Bipolar Junction
Transistor Curve
Tracer
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Determine BJT parameters from curve tracer measurements

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Introduced bipolar junction transistor parameters

3
Lesson Objectives

 Introduce the curve tracer

 Solve for parameters from measured data

4
Curve Tracer

5
Measured Output Characteristics

6
Measured Transfer Characteristics

7
Summary

 Determined BJT parameters from measured data

8
Next Lesson

 BJT Switch

9
 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 Bipolar Junction
Transistor Switch
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Introduce bipolar junction transistor switch

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Examined BJT parameters

3
Lesson Objectives

 Introduce BJT switch

4
Schematic

5
IC versus Vin

6
VCE versus Vin

7
Example LED Load

8
Summary

 Introduced BJT switch

 Examined BJT switch characteristics

9
Next Lesson

 BJT Common Emitter Amplifier

10
 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 BJT Common
Emitter Amplifier
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Introduce bipolar junction transistor common emitter amplifier

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Examined BJT switch

3
Lesson Objectives

 Introduce BJT common emitter (CE) amplifier

 Examine biasing of the CE amplifier

4
Common Emitter Circuit Schematic

5
Regions of Operation

Region Collector- Base-Emitter

Base Junction
Junction
Cutoff Reverse Reverse
Saturation Forward Forward
Active Reverse Forward
Reverse Forward Reverse
Active

6
DC Bias Circuit

7
Bias Values

8
Summary

 Introduced BJT CE Amplifier

 Solved CE biasing example

9
Next Lesson

 BJT Common Emitter Amplifier AC Analysis

10
 Introduction to
Electronics
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

An introduction to electronic components and a study of circuits

containing such devices.

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

 BJT Common
Emitter Amplifier
AC Behavior
Dr. Allen Robinson
Academic Professional
School of Electrical and
Computer Engineering

Examine ac behavior of CE amplifier

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Previous Lesson

 Introduced CE amplifier
 Examined dc biasing of the amplifier

3
Lesson Objectives

 Examine ac behavior of the CE amplifier

4
Common Emitter Circuit Schematic

5
Amplifier Model

gm = transconductance

6
I-V Characteristic

i = gm*vin

7
CE Amplifier

8
I-V Characteristics

gm = IC/VT

VT = 0.0259V
9
Gain Equation

10
AC Analysis

11
Summary

 Examined ac behavior of the CE amplifier

12