This File Is For Exclusive Use of BSN 1D Students. DO NOT SHARE OR PRINT!

This file is for exclusive use of BSN 1D students. DO NOT SHARE OR PRINT!
Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 9/E

Chapter 25
Question 1
Type: MCSA
The student nurse is following a preceptor on the assigned clinical

shift. Which of the following behaviors of the nurse would the student
interpret as caring?
1. Making sure that all medications and treatments are done on time
2. Using aseptic technique when performing a dressing change
3. Advising the physician that the client wants to speak to him or
her prior to a procedure
4. Explaining an invasive procedure to the client, then asking if it
is all right to begin the procedure
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Caring practice involves connection, mutual recognition,

and involvement. It is more than just performing skills adequately or
even efficiently. It’s a sense that the nurse has made a difference to
someone else. Caring means that people, relationships, and things
matter. Explaining a procedure, then seeking permission to begin lets
the client know that the nurse respects the client as an individual.
All other options are examples of appropriate and professional nursing
care, but do not address a caring aspect.




Global Rationale: Page Reference: 449
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 04 Describe how nurses demonstrate caring in

practice.
Question 2
Type: MCSA
According to Mayeroff’s philosophy of caring, which of the following

ingredients are necessary for this process?
1. Honesty
2. Trust
3. Humility
4. Professionalism
5. Courtesy
Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Professionalism and courtesy are not ingredients

described by Mayeroff. Other listed major ingredients are knowing,
alternating rhythms, hope, and courage.




Cognitive Level: Remembering
Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment
Learning Outcome: 02 Identify nursing theories that focus on caring.
Question 3
Type: MCSA
A nurse is emulating the characteristics of caring, as described by

Mayeroff. Which of the following is an example of knowing, in
relationship to caring?
1. Seeing that a client is withdrawn and sullen, and spending extra

time when providing cares or treatments
2. Understanding the reason a client’s lab values are elevated
3. Seeing the connection between the pathophysiology of the cardiac
condition and treatment and giving the rationale for certain
medications when the client asks
4. Getting an extra blanket when the client says he is cold
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Knowing means understanding the other’s needs and how to

respond to those needs. Sensing that a client is withdrawn and sullen,
the nurse knows that spending extra time can sometimes allow the
client to feel comfortable in talking about what might be bothering
him. Understanding the reason for elevated lab values and the
connection between the pathophysiology and treatment of a condition
are examples of knowing in the didactic sense. Getting an extra
blanket is responding to client needs after being told what those
needs are, not sensing or understanding them.




Cognitive Level: Analyzing
Client Need Sub:

04 Describe how nurses demonstrate caring in practice.
Question 4
Type: MCSA
A nurse manager has been dealing with staffing problems and high
patient acuity on the unit. The director of nursing has been sensitive
to other issues in the past, so the nurse manager decides to approach
her with these new concerns. This is an example of which aspect of
caring, as proposed by Mayeroff?
1. Knowing
2. Trust
3. Humility
4. Courage
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Courage is the sense of going into the unknown, informed

by insight from past experiences. Since the manager had prior
experience that was positive from the director of nursing, the manager
will use this information to address a problem that has not been
introduced before. Knowing means understanding the other’s needs and
how to respond to these needs. Trust involves letting go, to allow the
other to grow in his own way and own time. Humility means
acknowledging that there is always more to learn, and that learning
may come from any source.




Client Need Sub:
Question 5
Type: MCSA
A new nurse has just started work on an oncology unit. One of the
clients has decided to discontinue treatment, even though he
understands that his life will be shortened extensively if he does.
The nurse is having difficulty with this situation and decides to
approach a seasoned nurse for insight and a way to help support this
particular client. The nurse is exemplifying which of the following?
1. Hope
2. Humility
3. Honesty
4. Patience
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Honesty includes awareness and openness to one’s own

feelings and genuineness in caring for the other. In this situation,
the nurse has her own feelings about what the client should do, but
truly wants to provide good care so she seeks out the assistance from
someone who may be able to enlighten her. Hope is belief in the
possibilities of the other’s growth. Humility means acknowledging that
there is always more to learn, and that learning may come from any
source. Patience enables the other to grow in his own way and time.



Client Need Sub:
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 05 Evaluate the importance of self-care for the

professional nurse.
Question 6
Type: MCSA
A nurse is researching the concept of caring as it relates to specific

situations in the clinical area. More specifically, the nurse is
interested in caring as it relates to cultural differences. Of the
following theorists, which would be of the most help to this nurse
researcher?
1. Florence Nightingale
2. Jean Watson
3. Dorothea Orem
4. Madeline Leininger
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and

universality is based on the assumption that nurses must understand
different cultures in order to function effectively. Nightingale’s
theory focuses on the environment. Watson’s theory focuses on caring
in itself. Orem’s theory is about self-care and deficit.



Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment
Client Need Sub:
Question 7
Type: MCSA
According to Leininger’s theory of cultural congruent care, which of

the following characterize the way that care should be provided?
1. Care should be influenced by the organizational structure.

2. The client’s familiar lifeways are preserved.
3. Accommodations should be satisfying to clients.
4. Nursing care must be repatterned to help the client move toward
wellness.
Rationale 1: Along with these three specifics, Leininger defines care

as assisting, supporting, or enabling one another or a group with
evident or anticipated needs to improve life. Care influenced by
organizational structure is in line with Ray’s theory of bureaucratic
caring.

caring.

caring.

caring.
Cognitive Level: Remembering
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Client Need Sub:
Question 8
Type: MCSA
A nurse is evaluating how care is delivered at various hospitals. In

the process, the nurse is able to identify a facility where caring in
the emergency department is perceived differently than caring in the
rehabilitation unit. This type of example reflects whose theory of
caring?
1. Leininger
2. Ray
3. Roach
4. Boykin and Schoenhofer
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Ray’s theory of bureaucratic caring suggests that caring

in nursing is contextual and is influenced by the organizational
structure. Each unit had its own specific meaning of caring and how it
was influenced. Leininger’s theory is focused on cultural congruency.
Roach focuses on the philosophical concept of caring and proposes that
caring is the human mode of being. Boykin and Schoenhofer’s theory
suggests that caring is a lifelong process, lived moment to moment by
the nurse and constantly unfolding.



Client Need Sub:
Question 9
Type: MCSA
A nurse is working in a busy intensive care unit. A client is admitted

with extensive medical problems and requires a ventilator. Because the
nurse already has two other clients assigned to his care, he requests
that the nurse manager change assignments so that appropriate
attention can be given to this new admission. According to Roach’s six
C’s of caring, which one is the nurse emulating?
1. Compassion
2. Confidence
3. Commitment
4. Conscience
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Conscience deals with morals, ethics, and an informed

sense of right and wrong as well as an awareness of personal
responsibility. This nurse understands the situation of taking on a
critically ill client when he is already busy enough and makes an
appropriate request for a change in assignment. Compassion is about
being aware of one’s relationship to others; sharing joys, sorrows,
pain, and accomplishments; and participating in the experience of
another. Confidence is the quality that fosters trust. It means the
nurse has comfort with himself, his clients, and his family.
Commitment is a convergence between one’s desires and obligations and
the deliberate choice to act in accordance with them.



Client Need Sub:

Question 10
Type: MCSA
A nurse has been working a 12-hour shift in a labor and delivery unit.
A client was admitted early in the shift and is now ready to deliver.
The client had a difficult labor experience, was worried and anxious
throughout, and had physiological problems with blood pressure as well
as pain management. The nurse decides to stay until the delivery is
over, after having it approved by her manager. This nurse is
exhibiting which of the following?
1. Compassion
2. Competence
3. Confidence
4. Conscience
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Compassion is being aware of one’s relationship to

others; sharing their joys, sorrows, pain, and accomplishments; and
participating in the experience of another. The nurse exemplifies this
by staying until the delivery is over and the birth is accomplished.
Competence is having the knowledge, skills, energy, experience, and
motivation to respond adequately to others, within the demands of the
professional responsibilities. Confidence is the quality that fosters
trusting relationships. It is comfort with self, patient, and family.
Conscience is focused on morals, ethics, and an informed sense of
right and wrong. Awareness of personal responsibility is part of
conscience.


conscience.

conscience.

conscience.
Client Need Sub:

practice.
Question 11
Type: MCSA
A nurse educator is teaching students about the philosophy of caring

in nursing and states that nurses can only be truly caring if they are
true to themselves first. This action then emphasizes the importance
of nurses knowing themselves, which brings about a process that allows
the nurse to be with another person. The educator is teaching the
concept of caring according to whose theory?
1. Roach
2. Ray
3. Boykin and Schoenhofer
4. Watson
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Boykin and Schoenhofer emphasize the importance of the

nurse knowing oneself as caring. Through knowing oneself as a caring
person, the nurse can be authentic to self, freeing oneself to truly
be with others. Roach’s theory focuses on caring as a philosophical
concept and proposes that caring is the human mode of being, or the
“most common, authentic criterion of humanness.” Ray’s theory of
caring focuses on caring in organizations and is influenced by the
organizational structure. Watson views caring as the essence and the
moral ideal of nursing.




Client Need Sub:
Question 12
Type: MCSA
A labor and delivery nurse wants to conduct research focused on the

response of new parents toward their babies. The approach the nurse
would like to use suggests that caring is a nurturing process. Which
of the following theorists is best in line with this research?
1. Swanson
2. Watson
3. Roach
4. Benner
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Swanson defines caring as a nurturing way of relating to

a valued “other” toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment
and responsibility. Watson views caring as the essence and moral ideal
of nursing. Roach identifies caring as a philosophical concept and
proposes that caring is the human mode of being. Benner describes
caring as the essence of excellence in nursing.




Client Need Sub:
Question 13
Type: MCSA
A nurse is working with students on a medical unit. A client with

respiratory acidosis is being monitored closely, and the nurse is able
to describe to the students the pathophysiology surrounding this
client’s condition as well as specific assessment findings. This nurse
is demonstrating which type of knowledge?
1. Aesthetic
2. Empirical
3. Personal
4. Creative
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: Empirical knowing ranges from factual, observable

phenomena to theoretical analysis. Empirical knowledge is systematic
and helps to describe, explain, and predict phenomena. Aesthetic
knowledge is the art of nursing and is expressed by nurses in their
creativity and style in meeting the needs of clients. Personal
knowledge is concerned with the knowing, encountering, and actualizing
of the concrete, individual self. Creativity is part of aesthetic
knowledge.


knowledge.

knowledge.

knowledge.
Client Need: Physiological Integrity
Client Need Sub:
Learning Outcome: 03 Analyze the importance of different types of

knowledge in nursing.
Question 14
Type: MCSA
During a midterm evaluation, the nurse educator tells the students

they need to work on improving their aesthetic knowledge. A good way
for the students to accomplish this is to:
1. Study harder.
2. Take better notes.
3. Read about the same topic from a variety of sources.
4. Spend time in the clinical area with seasoned nurses.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Aesthetic knowing is the art of nursing and is expressed

by the individual nurse through his or her creativity and style in
meeting the needs of clients. Understanding how other nurses meet the
needs of their clients and seeing a variety of methods to provide the
same care will help improve this type of knowledge for the students.
The other options are ways to improve empirical knowing.



Client Need Sub:

Question 15
Type: MCSA
A nurse has been asked to be a member of a hospital’s internal review

board and evaluate research studies. Which of the following does this
nurse most likely possess?
1. Sound empirical knowledge

2. Sound personal knowledge
3. Sound aesthetic knowledge
4. Sound ethical knowledge
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Ethical knowing focuses on matters of obligation or what

ought to be done and goes beyond simply following the ethical codes of
the discipline. Internal review boards review research projects and
determine whether they meet sound, ethical standards. The more
sensitive and knowledgeable the nurse is to these issues, the more
“ethical” the nurse will be. Empirical knowledge is systematically
organized into laws and theories for the purpose of describing,
explaining, and predicting phenomena. Personal knowledge promotes
wholeness and integrity in the personal encounter. Aesthetic knowledge
is the art of nursing and is expressed by the individual nurse through
his or her creativity and style in meeting the needs of clients.




Client Need Sub:

Question 16
Type: MCSA
A student asks the nursing instructor which of the different types of

knowledge are important in the clinical area. The best response by the
nurse is:
1. “Empirical knowledge. You have to know the physiology of the

problem before you decide which interventions to use.”
2. “A good nurse will have a mix of all four types.”
3. “Ethical knowledge. Nurses must be able to identify principles
and norms, handle conflicts, and be sensitive to sensitive
issues.”
4. “Aesthetic knowledge. A nurse must appreciate the special
qualities of each client and the individual situation.”
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: The nurse who practices effectively is able to integrate

all types of knowledge to understand situations more holistically. All
options are true, but a nurse must possess all four types of
knowledge.

knowledge.

knowledge.

knowledge.
Client Need Sub:

Question 17
Type: MCSA
A nurse is working in an acute psychiatric unit. The nurse makes this

statement to a co-worker after reviewing a newly admitted client’s
medical record: “Another client with bipolar disorder. We better be
ready for a busy night.” This nurse is exemplifying which process of
Swanson’s theory of caring?
1. Knowing
2. Being with
3. Doing for
4. Enabling
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Knowing, according to Swanson, is striving to understand

an event as it has meaning in the life of the other. A subdimension of
this process is avoiding assumptions. The nurse in this situation made
an assumption about clients with bipolar disorder. Being with is being
emotionally present to another person. Doing for is providing for
others as they would do for themselves if it were at all possible.
Enabling is facilitating the other’s passage through life transitions
and unfamiliar events.




Client Need Sub:
Question 18
Type: MCSA
A nurse is working in the school system with a group of students who

are struggling with the death of a classmate. The nurse encourages the
students to talk about their friend, bring pictures, and share
memories with each other. The nurse also invites the deceased’s family
to come to the school and visit with their child’s classmates. This
nurse is working in which of Swanson’s processes?
1. Knowing
2. Being with
3. Doing for
4. Enabling
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Enabling is facilitating the other’s passage through life

transitions and unfamiliar events. Being supportive of the students
and encouraging them to share and talk about their friend is allowing
them to move through the grief process. Enabling also includes
supporting, assisting, guiding, and validating. Knowing is striving to
understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other. If
this were the case in this situation, the nurse would be asking the
students to explain what they are going through, or what it feels like
to lose a friend. Being with is being emotionally present to the
other. Doing for is providing for others as they would do for
themselves if it were at all possible.




Client Need Sub:
Question 19
Type: MCSA
Compassion is often associated with caring. Of the following, which

situation is the bestexample of compassionate nursing care?
1. The nurse has expert technical skills and has the most experience
with critical care.
2. The nurse routinely gives back rubs to clients before they go to
sleep.
3. The nurse has written procedures and policies in language that is
both professional and realistic.
4. The nurse takes time to understand the spiritual needs of
clients.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Attention to spiritual needs is part of compassionate

care, particularly in the face of death and bereavement. Technical
skills, experience, and writing abilities focus on competency of the
nurse. Giving routine back rubs focuses on comfort. All of these are
important aspects of nursing care.



Client Need Sub:
Learning Outcome: 01 Discuss the meaning of caring.
Question 20
Type: MCSA
A nurse educator teaches students about caring nursing practice. Which

of the following situations shows that the nurse is able to implement
the whole idea of caring?
1. The nurse is able to carve out time for a favorite hobby, at

least once a week.
2. The nurse is a volunteer at church and school events.
3. The nurse makes lists every morning so the day stays organized
and planned.
4. The nurse takes care of his elderly parents as well as providing
care to his immediate family.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: It is imperative that nurses attend to their own needs,

because caring for self is central to caring for others. As nurses
take on multiple commitments to family, work, school, and community,
they risk exhaustion, burnout, and stress. None of the other options
depict the nurse caring for self, only for other people or trying to
stay on top of the many tasks involved in a daily routine.



Client Need Sub:

professional nurse.
Question 21
Type: MCSA
A nurse understands that certain activities are required for a healthy

lifestyle. Which of the following is the best example of this?
1. Exercising every day, at least for an hour and a half

2. Buying only fat-free foods and allowing absolutely no deviation
from this
3. Balancing good nutrition and exercise in moderation
4. Exercising more on days when feeling “guilty” about a snack
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Nutrition and exercise are necessary for a healthy

lifestyle, but key words to remember are balance and moderation.
Completely avoiding a certain nutrient or keeping the nutritional
aspects of one’s life so strict that there can be no variance is
difficult and indicates more of a compulsive nature than a healthy
one.

one.

one.

one.
Client Need Sub:

professional nurse.
Question 22
Type: MCSA
A nurse practitioner emphasizes the importance of the staff engaging

in activities that help restore peace and balance between the mind and
body. Which of the following might be an appropriate therapy for this?
1. Bike riding
2. Cake decorating
3. Reading
4. Storytelling
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Mind-body therapies include imagery, meditation,

storytelling, music therapy, and yoga-all of which are complementary
therapies that bring balance to thoughts and emotions. Practice of one
or more mind-body therapies is an effective self-care strategy to help
restore peace and balance. The other three options are not considered
mind-body therapies.



Client Need Sub:

professional nurse.
06 Identify the value of reflective practice in nursing.
Question 23
Type: MCSA
A nursing student was involved in a very difficult situation with a

client, the client’s family, and a physician. The student felt like
she was caught in the middle and wasn’t sure how to respond to some of
the questions that were being asked about care, treatment, and
scheduling. Instead of getting her instructor, the student fielded
these questions as best she could. In order to help the student work
through this situation, the nursing instructor might advise the
student to try which of the following?
1. Meditation
2. Guided imagery
3. Reflection
4. Music therapy
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Reflection is thinking from a critical point of view,

analyzing why one acted in a certain way and assessing the results of
one’s actions. Reflection must be personal and meaningful. In this
example, it will help the student understand how the situation could
have been handled better. Meditation is quieting the mind and focusing
it on the present. It helps the individual release fears, worries, and
doubts. Guided imagery is a mind-body intervention that uses the power
of imagination as a therapeutic tool. Music therapy includes
listening, singing, rhythm, and body movement. It is often used to
induce relaxation.

induce relaxation.

induce relaxation.

induce relaxation.

Client Need Sub:
Learning Outcome: 06 Identify the value of reflective practice in

nursing.
Question 24
Type: MCSA
A nurse is providing bathing assistance to a young client who was

seriously injured and is unable to care entirely for herself. Which of
the following actions would be an example of Swanson’s doing
for process, in her theory of caring?
1. Allowing the client to wash her perineal area

2. Drying the client completely
3. Seeing the client is uncomfortable with the whole bathing process
4. Touching the client’s shoulder when she starts to cry
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Doing for is providing for the client as she would do for
herself if it were possible. Subdimensions of this process include
preserving dignity. Drying the client completely, if she is able to do
some herself, would not be part of doing for. Sensing that the client
is uncomfortable fits in the subdimension of knowing (sensing cues).
Touching the client’s shoulder is comforting, a subdimension of being
with.
with.
with.
with.
Client Need Sub:

Question 25
Type: MCMA
The nurse empowers the client when:
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Making it possible for the client diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s

disease to continue to dance regularly, since it has always been
a passion of hers.
2. Being sure to polish the client’s nails now that she is not able
to do it herself, since it has always been important to her that
she “have pretty hands.”
3. Suggesting to a client’s family that they should insist that the
client move into an assisted living facility so as to ensure her
safety.
4. Helping the client’s family identify community support services
that will make it possible for the client to remain in her own
home.
5. Encouraging the client to use a walker and stay indoors, “just in
case she might fall.”
Rationale 1: This nursing intervention supports and thus empowers the

client to continue expressing herself and experiencing life in spite
of a chronic disease.

client by helping her to maintain her self-esteem and pride in her
appearance.
Rationale 3: This nursing intervention might be premature, and so

might deny the client the independence and autonomy she is due.

client by helping her to maintain her autonomy and independence
longer.
Rationale 5: This nursing intervention might be premature, and so

might deny the client the independence and autonomy she is due.
Client Need Sub:

practice.
Question 26
Type: MCMA
The nurse is exhibiting appropriate self-care behaviors when:
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Using meditation to de-stress at the end of a long day at work.

2. Eating a low fat-diet, since there is a family history of heart
disease.
3. Attending workshops designed to enhance professional skills at
least twice yearly.
4. Volunteering to cover a friend’s weekend shifts so the friend can
fully recover from a sprained ankle.
5. Making sure to reserve the time to read a favorite book between
12 hours of shift work.
Rationale 1: Self-care is described as helping oneself grow and

actualize one’s possibilities. Managing stress in a healthy manner is
certainly a positive behavior directed at self-care.

actualize one’s possibilities. Eating a low-fat diet, especially when
one has an increased risk for heart disease, is certainly a positive
behavior directed at self-care.
Rationale 3: While self-care is described as helping oneself grow and

actualize one’s possibilities, this action is more related to one’s
professional, not personal, life.
Rationale 4: While this action reflects caring, it is directed at

another rather than towards self.

actualize one’s possibilities. Engaging in enjoyable activities in a
healthy manner is certainly a positive behavior directed at self-care.
Client Need Sub:

professional nurse.
Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 9/E Test Bank
Copyright 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

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Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 9/E

The student nurse is following a preceptor on the assigned clinical

Rationale 1: Caring practice involves connection, mutual recognition,

Rationale 2: Caring practice involves connection, mutual recognition,

Rationale 3: Caring practice involves connection, mutual recognition,

Rationale 4: Caring practice involves connection, mutual recognition,

someone else. Caring means that people, relationships, and things

Global Rationale: Page Reference: 449

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 04 Describe how nurses demonstrate caring in

According to Mayeroff’s philosophy of caring, which of the following

Correct Answer: 1,2,3

Rationale 1: Professionalism and courtesy are not ingredients

Rationale 2: Professionalism and courtesy are not ingredients

Rationale 3: Professionalism and courtesy are not ingredients

Rationale 4: Professionalism and courtesy are not ingredients

Rationale 5: Professionalism and courtesy are not ingredients

Global Rationale: Page Reference: 449

Cognitive Level: Remembering

Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 02 Identify nursing theories that focus on caring.

A nurse is emulating the characteristics of caring, as described by

1. Seeing that a client is withdrawn and sullen, and spending extra

Rationale 1: Knowing means understanding the other’s needs and how to

Rationale 2: Knowing means understanding the other’s needs and how to

are examples of knowing in the didactic sense. Getting an extra

Rationale 3: Knowing means understanding the other’s needs and how to

Rationale 4: Knowing means understanding the other’s needs and how to

Global Rationale: Page Reference: 449

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 02 Identify nursing theories that focus on caring.

Rationale 1: Courage is the sense of going into the unknown, informed

Rationale 2: Courage is the sense of going into the unknown, informed

Rationale 3: Courage is the sense of going into the unknown, informed

Rationale 4: Courage is the sense of going into the unknown, informed

Global Rationale: Page Reference: 449

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 02 Identify nursing theories that focus on caring.

Rationale 1: Honesty includes awareness and openness to one’s own

Rationale 2: Honesty includes awareness and openness to one’s own

Rationale 3: Honesty includes awareness and openness to one’s own

Rationale 4: Honesty includes awareness and openness to one’s own

Global Rationale: Page Reference: 449

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 05 Evaluate the importance of self-care for the

A nurse is researching the concept of caring as it relates to specific

Rationale 1: Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and

Rationale 2: Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and