The pessimist complains about the wind; the optimist expects it to change;

the realist adjusts the sails.

William Arthur Ward

Realist theory of International relation is the theory which has been contemporary
at all time as it was not fond as a substitute to the utopian theory of liberalism but has
been propounded throughout the history by many scholars, ranging from the ancient
Greek” Thucydides” to the medieval period “Machiavelli” who wrote the book “The
prince”. Even India is having a strong realist popounders like the “Chanakya” from the
Mauryan empire who initiated the idea of “Sama, Daba, Deva Dhanda”. It has always
been in existence but after the failure of the liberalism as a theory during the post war
period, Realism was taken as the primary theory that shall be used to determine the
international states. as this theory completely takes into account the State’s thirst for
power and how this power politics is a prominent factor in the International Relation. We
can see the realist ideas expressed in the actions of some of the prominent countries of the
world.
The conflict between the socialist and capitalist leader of the 20th century:
The ideas of the realism completely explain the actions taken by the United States
and the USSR during the cold war.
According to the realist ideas the states are the main actors in the international
system with their national interest as their goals, they use the power they have to achieve
their goals.
During the cold war there was a difference in idea between the two powerful
nation each following an idea that opposes the other and they wanted to propound their
own ideas to the world nations and to gain support. They did various act that pushed their
national interest. The conflict of the Korea is the best example in this regard as in order to
gain the support of the strategically positioned Korea each supported and funded the two
countries to gain their trust and expand their national interest.
We find that the national interest in the main driving factor for a country and a country
takes all rational steps to achieve it. We also find that power was the scale that was used
to fuel a nations interest.
The conflict between the US and the USSR was a strong one as there was no international
system to dictate the terms on which they had to follow. There was no powerful
organization that can make these two nations to come into see their flaws.
Offensive and defensive realism
During the WW II the US allied into the NATO pact which is an idea of offensive realist
and it wanted to increase its power to counter the USSR but the USSR counter allied into
the Warsaw pact this action of the sate shows the