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    31 views142 pages

    Part 5

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    bhaskar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 142
    = Steam Turbine Automatic Turbine Tester P:ji[4 Description for Protective Device ‘Scope of Testing Trip Initiation during Testing The Automatic turbine tester (ATT) subgroup for the protective devices is divided into a preliminary test and the following four individual testing systems. + Remote trip solenoid MAX52AA001 * Remote trip solenoid MAXS2AA002 * Over speed trips MAY10AA001/MAY10 AA002 = Low vacuum trip MAGO1AAO11 One or more systems can be selected for testing at the control panel and the selection is stored. The start of the test program automatically causes a preliminary test to be carried out on the protective channels which are to be effective during actual testing and then establishes the test circuit. Once the first test selected has been completed and the protective device has latched in again, the test circuit is restored to its normal operational configuration. Further selected tests must be started individually by pressing the Test push-button to start the program. General During normal operation, the protective devices act via main trip valves MAXS1 ‘AAOOS and MAX 51AA006 on the stop and ‘control valves and extraction swing check valves. The remote trip solenoids MAX52 ‘AAOO1 and MAXS2 AAQ02, over speed trips MAY10AAQO1/MAY10AA002_ and low vacuum trip MAGO1AAQ11 actuate main trip valves MAX51AAQ05 and MAXS1AAQ08 by ‘opening the auxiliary trip fluid circuit. For the duration of testing of the protective devices, a test circu is established .In order to keep the trip fuid circuit effective, it is isolated from main trip valves MAX51 AAOOS and MAX51AAQ06 by means of change-over valve MAX61AA211 and supplied with fuid via solenoid valves MAXS1AA201 and MAX51AA202 (remote trip during testing). Setting Data The setting data for the pressure switches are listed in the setting record Measuring Point List. The actually set values are logged in the Commissioning Test To provide normal protection for the turbine during testing, any trip initiation signals from the protective devices will de-energize the solenoid valves for remote trip during testing and the same time initiate the reset program. This also applies to all normal electrical remote trips such as generator protection, etc. For the duration of testing, two electrical speed signals are formed to provide protection against turbine overspend. During all electrical tosting of the protective devices, the electric trip action is prevented however; all annunciations are activated as for actual trip. The appropriate section of the alarm annunciation system is thus also tested Features of the Automatic Turbine Tester The automatic turbine tester is distinguished by the following features: * Individual testing of | each turbine protective device. * Automatic testing, upon selection of a test, of the devices that protect the turbine during that test. Testing of the protective devices for normal turbine operation can only be performed if the preliminary test has run without fault and the protection of the turbine during testing is assured. * Monitoring of all program steps for ‘execution within a certain time, Interruption if the running time of any program step is exceeded or if trip is initiated, Automatic reset of the test program after a faut + Protection of the turbine during testing provided by special test protective devices. Record.The test running times, etc. is entered in the functional diagrams. BHEL, Haridwar 6.1-0661-00/4 Test Sequence Start of Testing The test begins with the selection of the protective devices subgroup. This is performed by pressing the subgroup On/Omt push button. ‘The subgroup remains on until switched off when the program has been completed. While the protective devices subgroup program is running, the other subgroups are blocked, ‘The On/Off push-button is also used to acknowledge alarms, Selection After the subgroup has been switched on, the protective device to be tested is selected by pressing the selection push button for the individual device. ‘A separate selection push-button is provided for each protective device. Only one selection may be made at a time. Selection of a further test is possible only once all other programs have ended Test Push-Button ‘The automatic test program is started by pressing the Test push-button Cancel Push-Button This push-button can be used to terminate the test program running at any time and to Initiate the reset program. The reset program has priority over the test program. Lamp Test Push-Button Al the signal lamps on the control panel can be tested by pressing the Lamp Test Push- Button. Individual Tests The individual test is performed after completion of the preliminary test and after the test circuit has been established ‘Successful completion of each individual test is annunciated by the limit switches on ‘main trip valves MAXS1AAQ05 and MAXS1 ‘A006, pressure switch MAXS2CP211_ in the auxiliary trip fuid circuit and pressure switch MAX $1CP209 in the trip fluid circuit between change-over valve MAXSIAA211 and the main trip valve MAX1AAQ06. The associated limit switch also annunciates 6.1-0661-00/2 when a protective device (except for the emote trip solenoids) has been activated. ‘On completion of each individual test, all activated protective devices are returned to their normal operating position by reset solenoid valves MAX48AA201 and MAX48 ‘A202 and the test circuit is deactivated. Whenever several of the same types of protective device are provided, only one will be described in the following, as the test procedure is the same for al Preliminary Test Pressing the Test push-button automatically initiates a test of the protective circuits to be effective during testing Function The function of the preliminary test is to detect any faults in the protective circuits to be used during testing, and, if any are detected, to inhibit testing of the protective device, as this would leave the turbine without protection. Test Sequence In the course of the preliminary test, solenoid valves MAX51AA201. and MAXS1 ‘A202 (remote trip during testing) are ‘automaticaly tested before the test circuit is established. These valves (MAX51AA201 and MAXS1AA202) are first energized, resulting in a buildup of control fluid upstream of changeover valve MAXS1AA 241.nitiation of Schmitt triggers (in the Speed measuring unit) de-energizes solenoid valve MAX1AA201 and the control Fluid up stream of changeover valve MAXS1 A211 is drained. Successful completion of testing is annunciated by pressure switch MAX51CP207 between solenoid valve MAX S1AA201 and changeover valve MAXS1AA 211 ‘Subsequently, solenoid valve MAX51 A202, is de-energized via the second channel of its Schmitt trigger, thereby depressurizing the control fluid stil present between solenoid valves MAXS1AAZ01. and MAXS1AA202 This process is monitored by pressure switch MAXS1CP205. On successful Completion of the preliminary test, the test circuit is automatically established which permits realistic testing of the protective devices without initiating turbine trip. Solenoid valves MAX51AA201 and MAXS1 ‘A202 (for remote trip during testing) are again energized whereupon control fluid is supplied to change over valve MAXS1 ‘A211. Then solenoid valve MAX61AA201 Is energized, effecting changeover from trip fluid to control fluid, The control fluid in this line drains off, and the pressure difference drives changeover vaive MAXS1AA211 into its test position (lower end position), thereby actuating limit switch MAXS1CG211C which annunciates this status. De-activating the Test Circuit. ‘The test circuit is deactivated in the reverse order on completion of the selected test and after automatic latching of the protective device concerned In Its normal operating tow vacuum tip ti Aicat tonnes pressure 3 Sarerenion sora dra Test lg! Tranaitor fortow Vaewum Tr - position Hydraulic Test Signal Transmitters The function of the hydraulic test signal transmitters is to. activate the related protective device (with the exception of the emote trip. solenoids). Each. protective device has an associated test signal transmitter. For testing the over speed trip device, the associated test signal transmitter builds ‘up a test pressure relatively slowly and passes it to the overspeed trips, for [ Hitt wynw ig. Hydra Tost Sarat Tenant or Overpae Tip {esting the low vacuum trip, an ar pressure signal is introduced to the device via an ofifice. The testing signals to remote trip solenoids MAX52AA001 and MAX52AA002 fare formed within the automatic turbine tester itself and not by a test signal transmitter. 6.1-0661-00/3 Main Trip Valves ‘MAX 51 AAOOS and MAX 51 AAOO6 Only one of the two main trip valves is described in the following, as they are ‘constructional and functionally identical Function ‘The function of the main trip valve is to amplify and store the hydraulic or mechanical (manually initiated local) tip signal. it must respond in the course of ‘every successful protective device test. Operation Each main trip valve is kept in its position by auxiliary trip fluid pressure. If a protective device is actuated, the auxiliary trip fluid circuit is depressurized and the main trip valve is activated. This connects the trip fluid and auxiliary trip circuits to drain and shuts 4 Lt ‘ Span Fh Banta See UY Gontal la Rosen strap nus Pe.3 MulnTrip abe off the control fluid supply to the turbine valves. At the same time, limit switch 1 is actuated. Auxiliary startup fluid pressure forces differential piston (3) Into its normal operating position. Control fluid IV is then free to pass through to buildup the pressure in the trip fluid and auniliay tip fuid circuits. 6.1-0661-00/4 Pressure switches MAX48CP201 and MAX48CP202 monitor the orderly pressure collapse of auxiliary startup fluid circuit after latching-in of main trip valves. Attention: The lever for manual actuation of the main trip valve must not be test operated during turbine automatic testing operation, as the electrical trip action is always initiated Via the manual trip-out limit switch. Remote Trip Solenoids ‘MAX52 AA0O1 and MAX52 AAO2 The twin electrical remote trip feature consists of the two remote trip solenoid valves MAX52AA001 and MAX52AA002. One trip channel is described here, as the test procedure is the same for both Function ‘The function of the remote trip solenoids is }Somoresionsaeg 1 Aunty pid 2 Magee 1 Senitid 5a iFeoe 5 Verte Ramet Ti Soler to depressurize the auxiliary tip uid circuit in the shortest possible time, thereby bringing main trip valves MAX51AAQ05 and MAXS1AA006 into their trip positions, in the event of a malfunction requiring electrical ‘ip initiation. During normal operation, the remote trip solenoid isolates the auxiliary trip fuid circuit from the drain, For testing, the automatic turbine tester switches over the Solenoid vaive so that the auxiliary trip fuid circuit is connected to drain. Trp initiation is monitored downstream of the main trip valves by pressure switches MAXS1CP209 and MAXS2CP211 in the auxiliary trip fluid circuit. In addition, the limit switch of each main trip valve must annunciate successful completion of the test. Latching -in (On successful completion of testing, remote trip solenoids MAX52AAQ01 and’ MAX52 ‘AAOO2 are de-energized. The reset program is then started. Over speed Trips MAY10AAOO1/MAY10AA002 Function The two over speed trips are provided to protect the turbine against over speeding in the event of load rejection coincident with failure of the speed controller. As they are particularly important to the protection of the turbine, they can also be locally tested by manually with the aid of the over speed trip test device MAX62AA001 (hydraulic test signal transmitter) during turbine operation at rated speed. (For description see Over ‘Speed Trip Test) Operation When the preset over speed is reached, the eccentric flyboltstriker (2) of each over ‘speed trip activates piston (5) and limit switch (6) annunciate via pawl (4). This connects the auxiliary trip fluid circuit to drain, thereby depressurizing it. The loss of ____the two pressure switches MAX62CP211 ‘auxiliary tip fuid pressure causes the main ‘rip valve to drop which in turn causes the ‘tip fluid pressure to collapse. To activate the over speed trip at rated speed, as the test routine performed by the automatic turbine tester requires, a specific force, equivalent to the increase in centrifugal force between rated speed and preset trip over speed, is needed .For testing, this force is exerted by the test cil pressure, acting on the flybott/stiker (2) On the basic of the existing defined geometry, the test oil is reproducible measure for the ‘tip speed, and can therefore be used to ‘check whether the over speed trip responds at the desired setting Test Sequence ‘The test oll pressure is produced using the hydraulic test signal transmitter, which is also used for manual testing. First the command Is given to the actuator motor to 0 into the trip position (down). After a certain idling time, the test oil pressure builds up to act on the two over speed trip flybolts/strikers (2) If the two bolts are functioning correctly, they will ly outwards into the trip position when the defined pressure is reached, thereby activating the main trip valve via paw! (4), piston (6) and the auxiliary trip fluid circuit The two over speed trips are monitored for activation at the given test oil pressure by ‘and MAX62CP212 in the test oll ine and the limit switch (6). Pressure switches MAX @2CP211 and MAX62CP212 are preset to respond at a certain level (approx.0.15 bar) below and above the test oil reference 6.1-0661-00/5, Pressure respectively. This test oil reference pressure Is determined during commissioning and entered in the ‘commissioning test record. Limit switch (6) must respond within the pressure range between the settings of pressure switches MAX62CP211 and MAXB2CP212. A slow buildup of pressure is required for this operation that is why a relatively long monitoring period equivalent to the running time of the actuator, has to be selected. Premature response of the over speed trips is annunciated, Latching-in (Once the trip has been initiated, the actuator of the hydraulic test signal transmitter is driven back until the limit switch annunciates that normal position has been reached. Monitoring must be continued until the test oll pressure at pressure switch MAX62 P213 is less than 0.1 bars. ‘This double check-back of the hydraulic test signal transmitter having returned to normal position ensures that, after completion of testing, the over speed at which the turbine will tip is not reduced due to test oil pressure remaining effective and that the over speed trip will not be set off prematurely in the event of load reduction ‘While test oil pressure is decreased, the two over speed fiyboits/stikers spring back into their normal positions at a pressure well above 0.5 bars. ‘Subsequently, piston (6) is brought back into Its normal position by the pressure of auxiliary start-up fluid II and latched-in with pawl (4). At the same time, piston (6) shuts off drain channel IV, so auxiliary trip fuid It can build up pressure. Once this has been done, the auxiliary startup fluid can be depressurized. Low Vacuum Trip MAGO1 AAO11 Function ‘The function of the low vacuum trip is to operate the main trip valve if, during normal operation, the pressure in the turbine condenser exceed a preset valve. 6.1-0661-00/6 Operation When the condenser pressure exceeds the adjusted limit, the piston (6) is moved downwards by this pressure, which acts against diaphragm (4), and the spring force @). Thereby pressure below piston (7) drops ‘and this piston moves in its lower end position by spring force connecting the auxiliary trip fuid circuit fo the drain. The resultant depressurization of the auxiliary ‘tip fluid circuit actuates main trip valves MAX51AA005 and MAXS1AAQ06, thereby closing all turbine valves. Test sequence After energizing of test signal transmitter Fee Low vio (Golenoid valve) MAGOTAAZ01, fied in the signal line to the condenser, this signal line is blocked off and simultaneously the space above diaphragm (4) is connected to ‘almosphere. The ait flow via orice causes a slow Increase of pressure by which the pistons (6) and (7) move to ther trip position connecting the auxiliary trip fuid circuit to the drain ‘The low vacuum trip is monitored for operation within the specified vacuum range by observing pressure switches MAGO1 cP202 and MAGOICP204, Latching-in ‘When test signal transmitter (solenoid valve) MAGO1AA201 has been de-energized and the connection between low vacuum trip and the condenser re-established, condenser pressure builds up again above diaphragm (4). Piston (6) moves into its upper end position thereby opening the passage for the Control fluid flow to piston (7). When piston (7) is in its upper end position, the auxiliary ‘tip fluid circu is closed again. Restoration ‘of normal operating configuration is annunciated by the limit switeh of the low vacuum trip and by pressure switches MAGOICP201 Reset Solenoids (MAX48 A201 and MAX48 AA202 Function ‘The function of the reset solenoids is to restore the tripped protective devices to their normal operating positions during the ATT reset program. Operation The reset solenoids are two 2/3-way solenoid valves, fitted in the auxiliary start- up fluid line, Both solenoid valves are energized in the course of the reset program conducted after each subtest, so. that ‘auxiliary start-up fluid ll is supplied with Control fluid Ill, The control fuid pressure forces all protective devices back into their normal operating positions and the trip fuid and auxilary tip fluid pressure can build up again. When the protective devices have latched-in again, reset solenoid MAX48AA021 is de- energized first to shut off the control fluid supply through this value. Dispersion of the auxiliary startup fluid pressure is monitored by pressure switch MAX48CP201. The second reset solenoid MAX48 AA202 is then de-energized to disperse the pressure between the two- solenokd valves. This is monitored by pressure switch MAX48 CP202. The use of two reset solenoids ensures that main trip valve MAXS1AA005 and MAX51AA006 and lover speed trip will always be sure to be ‘actuated if either one of the two reset solenoids is de-energized ‘Compression | Aux. start-up fluid ‘Spring WAux. start-up fluid 2Coil 3 Valve dise Fig. 7 ~Reset Solenoic 6.1-0661-00/7 ore ris ‘Steam Turbine Description Automatic Turbine Tester Stop and Control Valves The following description refers to a standard stop and control valve assembly. The same text applies analogously to both the main stop and control valves and the reheat stop and control valves. The valve assembly described is drawn in the closed position (ready for start-up. General ‘The stop and control valves of the turbine are the final control elements actuated by the protective devices arid it is, therefore, ‘equally important that these, as well as the protective devices, should function reliably. The testing of these valves in ‘conjunction with testing of the protective devices, as already described in Automatic Turbine Tester, General ensures that all elements which must respond on turbine trip ate tested for their ability o function reliably. Each stop valve is tested together with its associated control valve. The automatic turbine tester is designed so that only one valve assembly may be selected and tested at any time, Test Requirements To avoid turbine output changes and initial pressure variations duo to the closing of the control valve under test during ATT, the electro-hydraulic turbine controller must be in operation prior to testing. To facilitate compensation by the controller, the closing time of the control valves is relatively long, and to enable initial pressure to be maintained constant, testing is only permissible when the turbine output is below a certain value, ‘Special Conditions during Testing ‘The main stop and control valves may only be tested if no other ATT subgroup is running. During testing the selected contro! valve (MAA10+20AA002) is closed completely = Time-related monitoring of all program steps, and their implementation. Interruption due to running time exceeded or turbine trip. by means of a motor operated actuator (AAQO2M) acting on pilot piston (KAO) parallel to pilot value (KA0S). This resul in 8 closing movement simulating that which ‘occurs when the associated secondary fluid pressure drops. The resultant, constant slow closing movement is necessary in order to keep the output constant, Thus the condition for actuation ofthe valve are the same during testing as during normal actuation by the contol. ‘The stop valves, which are held in the open position by trp fluid pressure during normal operation, are subjected to exactly the same hydraulic conditions during testing as would be the case in the event of actual turbine trip, as the action of the protective devices is simulated by the solenoid valve (MAX61AA211. and 212) The steam side conditions during testing fare somewhat more severe than during actual trip, as the pressure downstream of the stop valve can not drop off during closure because the control valve is closed. This means that the steam pressure acting against the spring closure force is greater than in the event of norma trip. The automatic turbine tester intervenes only in the fluid circuits normally used to ‘control the valves and uses only trip fuid to actuate the test valves (MAX47AAQ11 and 012) and to reset and open the stop valves. Thus closure of the valves cannot be impeded in the event of a genuine trip during testing, regardless of the stage, which the test has reached. This also applies to the control valves, as the ATT does not interrupt the secondary fluid Circuit and secondary fluid can thus be depressurized in the normal manner in the event of a trip, Featuros of Automatic Turbine Tester ‘The ATT has the following features: + Separate parttesting of each valve assembly. + Automatic reset of test program after a fault. BHEL, Haridwar 6.1-0662-01/1 * Protection of the turbine during testing provided by special test protective circuits Setting Data The setting data for the pressure switches used to monitor the individual valve movements are listed in the setting record Pressure Switch settings. The actual set values are logged in the Commissioning Test Record. The test running times, etc., are entered in the functional diagram, Test Selection Units There are two nos. of combined main steam and control valves" and two nos. of combined reheat stop and control valves, each of which is tested as a separate unit and has a separate selection push-button on the ATT control panel. They are as follows: Selection: Main stop and control valve (LHS) Selection 2: Main stop and control valve (RHS) Selection 3: Reheat stop and control valve (LHS) Solection 4: Reheat stop and control valve (RHS) Test Procedure Start of Test The test starts with the selection of subgroups by pressing the On/Off push- button The subgroup remains on until it switched off after the programmed is concluded. When one subgroup program is running, the other subgroup is blocked. During this time, the turbine output controller compensates for the effects of closure of the valve being tested on the turbine output by opening the remaining control valves, ‘The running time for closure of the contro! valve is monitored. If the control valve is functioning properly, it will close within the preset running time, 6.1-0662-01/2 The On/Off push button also acknowledges signals: Selection If the test requirements have been fulfilled, the valve, assembly (e.g. main stop and control valve (LHS)) to be tested is selected by switching in the subgroup by pressing tle selection push-button ‘A. separate selection push-button is provided for each combination of stop and control valve assembly. Only one selection may be made at a time. Selection of a further test is not possible until the programme already selected has ended. Operation Push-button The test run is started by pressing the Operation push button in the Stop and Control valves tie. Shutdown Push-button ‘This push-button can abort the current unit test and introduce the reset program, which has priority over the test, programme. Lamp Test Push-button All lamps on the panel are tested by pressing the Test push-button. Closure of Control Valve If all the test requirements have been fulflled and the selection and operation push buttons pressed, the control valve (MAA10 and 20AA002) is closed by means of the associated actuator (test motor -AAOO2M). Operation of the actuator (KAO1) is continued until limit switch (-CGO02C) and limit switch ( ‘AAO2M S72, $73) on the actuator is ‘ripped to annunciate that the control valve being tested is in closed position. Closure of Stop Valve Then the solenoid valve (MAX61AA211 and 212) energized. This allows trip fluid to flow to the space below changeover slide valve (MAX61AA011 and 012), which moves into its upper end position and connects the space below piston disc (KA02) with the drain. The pressure in this, space drops rapidly and is monitored by pressure switch (MAX51CP223,228). ‘When the pressure at this pressure switch has dropped slightly below the breakaway pressure of piston disc (KAQ2), monitoring of the stop valve closure time starts. The associated limit switch (-CGOO1E) annunciates entry of the valve into its closed position, thus making it possible to monitor the valve closing action for completion within the maximum permissible running time. Opening of Stop Valve Next, solenoid valve MAX47AA211 and 212 is energized (lest position) and trip ‘medium is admitted to the control surface of the piston in the test valve MAX47 ‘AAOI1 and 012. The pilot moves into its lower end position against the spring force, thus permiting trip medium to flow to the space above piston KAQ1 of the stop valve. This piston is forced downwards by pressure of the medium, thereby tensioning the spring between piston KAO and piston disc KAO2 and finally pressing against piston disc KA02. Up to this point the medium pressure above piston KAO1 is relatively low, being ‘equal to the spring force acting against it ‘The spontaneous pressure rise when piston KAQ1 has made contact with piston disc KAO2, and thus on completion of the Spring tensioning action, is detected by pressure switch MAXS1CP222, 227. If all Conditions are fulfilled within this relatively ong monitoring period, solenoid valve MAXGIAA211 and 212 is de-energized (operating position), so that trip medium is ‘once again able to flow to test valve MAX47AA011 and 012 and the drain is blocked off again. The buildup of trip medium pressure is monitored by pressure switch MAXS1CP221, 226. ‘When the pressure is sufficiently high, the stop valve is opened by de-energizing solenoid valve MAX47AA211 and 212 (operating position). Test valve MAX47 ‘AAOI1 and 012 switches over, admitting trip medium to the underside of the piston disc KAO2 and after a certain amount of further travel, slowly connects the space above piston KAO with the drain. The resultant pressure difference causes the tensioned piston relay to open the stop valve. As soon as the open position is reached, the full trip medium pressure builds up. This is monitored by pressure switch MAXS1CP221, 228 and by limit switch -CGO01D. Testing of the stop valve is now completed, Re-Opening of Control Valve If the conditions are fulflled within the ‘specified monitoring period, the control valve is reopened. The motor of positioner =AAQO2M_ is operated in the opening direction. Positioner ~AAO2M moves the Control valve into its original position in the reverse sequence to the closing action. ‘Again the initial pressure and output are kept constant by the appropriate controller. Operation of positioned -AAOO2M is continued until, after a certain amount of ‘over travel, it’ has positively ceased to influence the controller. This position is detected by limit switch -AAO02 MS61 or =AAQ02 MS62. If the control valve is functioning properiy, it will open within the preset running time, Cancellation of Selection (On conclusion of testing of each combination of valve assembly, the selection is automatically cancelled and the programme is shut down. Interruption due to Running Time Exceeded ‘The reset program is automatically itiated if the running time for any step in the test program is exceeded. If any running time Is exceeded during the reset program, the program halts. In either case, the alarms Fails signal and Time overrun generated. If the Faults in ATT alarm is displayed, the fault lies in the automatic tester itselt. Interruption due to Turbine Trip If electrical turbine trip is initiated during testing, all solenoid valves are de- energized and positioner -AAOO2M is relumed to its extreme position and the programme cancelled. All equipments ‘associated with the automatic turbine tester are automatically retumed to their ‘normal position. U igre) Steam Turbine Piri Description HP Actuator The actuator is of the two-stage amplification type, i.e. it incorporates pilot and main control mechanisms. The actuating forces for movement of the HP control valve are generated, in the opening direction, by main actuator piston KAO2 under the force of the control fluid and, in the closing direction, by the disc spring column. During actuation main pilot valve KAO7 acts asa 3-way valve to allow the control fluid to flow to the space behind main actuator piston KAO2. Main pilot valve KAO7 is actuated via the resetting linkage by means of auxiliary pilot piston KAO6 which is subject to control fuid pressure on both sides. ‘The actuating signal given by the signal fuid pressure acts on the face of pilot valve KAOS pressing it against the resetting spring on the opposite side. Acting as a 4-way valve, the pilot valve allows fluid to flow to both sides of auxiliary pilot piston KAOS. When ‘The signal fluid pressure changes, pilot valve KAOS is displaced which results in ‘movement of auxiliary pilot piston KAO8. The movement of piston KAOG is transmitted via the resetting linkage of the pilot mechanism to the resetting spring, causing spool valve KAQS to return to the central position which establishes proportionality between the signal fluid pressure and the travel of auxiliary pilot piston KAO6, ‘At the same time, main pilot valve KAO7 displaced via the resetting linkage system by auxiliary pilot piston KA06, effects displacement of main actuator piston KAOZ whose movement returns main pilot valve KAQ7 to the central position via the resetting mechanism. Consequently the position of the pilot and main actuator pistons is proportional to the secondary fluid pressure in the steady state (on completion of the control action). BHEL, Haridwar 6.1-0665-00 eye) Steam Turbine Electro-hydraulic Seal Pji(74 Description ‘Steam Pressure Control Funetion Hydraulic converter comprises a control With all sha seals subject to a posite pressure difference, the escaping steam is throtied to a low pressure and fed into a header 1.1, which is common to all shaft seals. Those seals, which are under vacuum, must be supplied with seal steam to prevent the ingress of air. The supply of steam Is taken from the header 1.1. The ‘amount of leakage steam and seal steam equired depends on the pressure at the Seals, which, in turn, is primarily dependent on the turbine load ‘The function of the control system is to maintain. the pressure at the bleed-off points of all seals at the same preset pressure. This is effected by exhausting Steam from the header (e.g. to the ‘condenser) or supplying extra steam to the header 1.1, according to operating concitions. Arrangement Leak-off control valve 1.3 is used for discharging surplus steam from the header 1.1 and seal steam supply control valve 1.4 for admitting extra steam to it. All Valves are actuated by type HSA-1-K tlectro hydraulic actuators. The actuators 4.11 are under the continuous control of fan electric controller 1.9 each via an electro hydraulic converter. The electro col, which adjusts the position of the impingement. plate of the hydraulic preamplifier Controller ‘The function ofthe electric controler 1.9 in Conjunction with the transducer 1.6 and the actuating elements (control vaives) 1s to maintain a controled variable at a preset valve by adjusting the final Controling elements. The actual valve of the control system is acquired continuously by the transducer 16 and compared against the set value in the electric controller 1.9. If the actual value deviates from the set value, one of the final controling elements (either the leak- ‘off oF steam supply control valve) is adjusted until the actual value again ‘agrees with the set value. Only if there is a farge control deviation, e.g. during a ful. load tip, are all valves operated simultenedusly. The electric controler is realised in digtal technology. ‘Mode of Operation ‘The input signal coming from the controler fiows through the solenoid (31). The ‘magnetic field ofthe solenoid together with the magnetic field of the permanent ‘magnet system (42) exercises a force on the freely pivoted armature (30). This force reacts against the force generated by the US Bteaehyane outer Fig, 1 Diagram of the ved _ steam pss conta system BHEL, Haridwar 6.1-0670-01/1 121 104 24 2 6) | % ag oer Bj eo! J = \ : 31 a 18 2 fl 1 { 1 wt 1 nai sg Tension of the return spring. ifthe input signal is changed, the equilibrium will be disturbed and, therefore, there will be a deflection of the armature retained by the spring (32) and return spring (36). The baffle plate (29) then covers the two- rebound nozzle tips (15) to an unequal extent. In the oil flow that flows through two-choke valves (21) to the rebound nozzles (16), 2 pressure differential is created. The oil pressure existing in the rebound nozzles is applied to the face of the slide gate (1a). The slide gate is defected and releases the oll flow to or from the hydraulic cylinder (5.1). The deflection of the slide gate is dependent ‘upon the magnitude of an input signal (39), until the tension of the springs and magnetic forces reach a state of equlibrium. The armature retums to its mid position, the pressures on the faces of 6.1-0670-01/2 ‘Ghange. The Greatest amount of defiection ‘and, therefore, the fastest change in the Hydraulle cylinders position is. already achieved with an input signal change of delta | 23 mA, Following smaller changes in signal, the hydraulic cylinder operation is, correspondingly slower. The servo-valve ‘enables an extremely sensitive control by Virtue of its special construction. The main cylinder piston moves. and in so doing changes. the position of the coupled actuator. At the same time, the tension in the retum spring (36) changes via the retun rod (44) and the adjustment lever the slide gates (1a) are of equal magnitude. The slide gate moves to its mid positon, the ol flow to the cylinder is Inialy reduced and, when the slide gate (1a) reaches iis middle setting it is completely shut off and the main piston of the hydraulic cylinder is in its set position The position of the main piston or rather the actuator is directly proportional to the input signal on the servo valve. Double Blocking Valve ‘A double blocking valve is connected to the outlet side of the servovalve. The ump pressure opens the hydraulically ‘operated check vaive (8). the connections, to the hydraulic oylinder (6.1) are free. If the oil supply fails, both hydraulically ‘operated check valve close. The hydraulic ‘ylinder’s piston will be retained in ts last postion. Display of contro! deviation /Adjusting the sot value “The control deviation is displayed on each of the two desk ties for the valves. The ‘two instruments are connected in parallel ‘The set value for steam pressure in the header can be adjusted between 0 and 22 ‘mbar at the controler by means of the set value push-button. Electric manual control ‘The controler can be switched off by the push button "Controller on/off. Then the valves can be controlled directly by hand by means of the push-button "HigheriLower’ below the valve position display with the aid of the remote-control manual control setter of the electrical ‘equipment. The inscription "Higher/Lower" refers to the change in pressure when the push-button is operated, e.g. “Higher” means increasing the pressure (the leak- ‘off steam control valve closes or the seal steam control valve opens). Manual ‘control is disconnected during automatic ‘control the manual control setter is then ‘automatically tracked to the controller ‘output vottage by the equalizing controller so. thet when changing over from ‘automatic control to manual control the ‘manual control setter is already in the correct position, Under manual control the equalizing controller automatically tracks the output voltage of the disconnected controler 1,9 t the manual control voltage. If the control deviation nas been reduced to zero by positioning the valves before the controler is switched on, the ‘change-over from manual control to automatic control will be bump less; ginenise we convoler reguates he sure to the preset value after it has been switched on. Thus, itis quite easy 0 switch the controller on and off during operation 6.1-0670-01/3, 6.1-0670-01/4 6.1-0680-02 (aezre) Steam Turbine Control System iia == Description iagram Legend PowerPlantden: Tile cove. PowerPirtiden- Tie coor “eston Sytem Sete ‘eaten Sytem Sine xA08 Relay Piston tor Pre Cont Plot Vale. 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