At a Natural and Artificial Methods of Contraception Natural Method 8 The natural family planning methods do not involve any cherns body introduction into the human body. People who are very cons Teligious beliefs are more inclined to use the natural way of birth others follow such natural methods because they are more cost-effect nurseslabs.com 2016). a. Abstinence This natural method involves refraining from sexual | and is the most effective natural birth control method with fail rate. It is considered to be the most effective way to a (Sexually Transmitted Infections). However, most people find it ¢ to comply with abstinence, so only a few use this method b. Calendar Method : This method is also called as the rhythm method. It entails : withholding from coitus during the days that the woman is fertile cin ee or ae echt ae0. Basal Body Temperature The basal body temperature (BBT) indicates the woman's temperature at rest. Before the day of ovulation and during ovulation, BBT falls at 0.5°F; it increases to a full degree because of progesterone and maintains its level throughout the menstrual cycle. This serves as. the basis for the method. The woman must record her temperature every morning before any activity. A slight decrease in the basal body temperature followed by a gradual increase in the basal body temperature can be a sign that a woman has ovulated Cervical Mucus Method The change in the cervical mucus during ovulation is the basis for this method. During ovulation, the cervical mucus is copious, thin and watery. It also exhibits the property of spinnbarkeit, wherein it can be stretched up until at least 1 inch and is slippery. The woman is said to be fertile as long as the cervical mucus is copious and watery. Therefore, she must avoid coitus during those days to prevent conception. Symptothermal Method The symptothermal method is basically a combination of the BBT method and the cervical mucus method. The woman records her temperature every morning and also takes note of changes in her cervical mucus. She should abstain from coitus three days after a rise in her temperature or on the fourth day after the peak of a mucus change. Ovulation Detection ro sesh Daren TS we DM manne CEA ws “Seance sptamany a aaa me ‘over-the-counter kit that kit can predict ovulation to 24 The ovulation detection method uses an requires the urine sample of the woman. The through the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) that happens 12 hours before ovulation.( Coltus Interruptus Coltus (nferruptus Is one of the oldest methods that prey. conception, A couple still goos on with coitus, but the man with Stay the moment he ejaculates to emit the spermatozoa outside of » sadvantage of this method is the .,, fomale reproductive organ. A die ojaculation fluid that contains a few spermatozoa that may cay fertilization Artificial Methods 4 Oral Contraceptives Also known as the pill, oral contraceptives contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen suppresses the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and LH to prevent ovulation. Moreover, progesterone decreases the permeability of the cervical mucus to limit the sperm’s access to the ova. It is suggested that the woman takes the first pill on the first Sunday after the beginning of a menstrua! flow, or as soon as it is prescribed by the doctor. b. Transdermal Patch The transdermal —_ patch contains both estrogen and progesterone. The woman should apply one patch every week for three weeks on the following areas: upper outer arm, upper torso, abdomen, or buttocks. At the fourth week, no patch is applied because the menstrual flow would then occur. The area where the patch is applied should be clean, dry, and free of irritation. haa nsc. Vaginal Ring The vaginal ring releases a combination of estrogen and Progesterone and it surrounds the cervix. This silicon ring is inserted into the female reproductive organ and remains there for three weeks and then removed on the fourth week, as menstrual flow would occur. The woman becomes fertile as soon as the ring is removed. d. Subdermal Implants sks Subdermal implants are two rod-like implants inserted under the skin of the female during her menses or on the seventh day of her menstruation to make sure that she will not get pregnant. The implants are made with etonogestrel, desogestrel, and progestin and can be helpful for three to five years. e. Hormonal Injections ~~ hormonal injection contains + medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone, and is usually given once every 12 weeks - intramuscularly. The injection causes changes in the endometrium and cervical mucus and can help prevent ovulation.“IUD IUD String Intrauterine Device (IUD) fy Brcetieve. When uang is mage n extema! sources can ba ied a8 lauren ese 2014" Waioural f Mecione 1 (2) 00! 10 183479770 0}, va Wi 1 {Own work) [OC BY 30 (tp ireaiwecommans orglcensesby! An Intrauterine device (IUD) is a small, T-shaped o! containing progesterone that is inserted into the uterus via the fe: reproductive organ. It prevents fertilization by creating a local s inflammatory condition to prevent implantation of the zygote. The is fitted only by the physician and inserted after the woman's mens! flow. The device can be effective for five to seven years. Chemical Barriers Chemical barriers such as spermicides, vaginal gels and creams and glycerin films are used to cause the death of sperms before the) can enter the cervix and to lower the pH level of the female reproductiv? ‘organ so it will not become conducive for the sperm. On the othe’ hand, these chemical barriers cannot prevent sexually transmitte? infections.h. Diaphragm It is a circular, rubber disk that fits the cervix and should be placed before coitus. Diaphragm works by inhibiting the entrance of the sperm into the female feproductive organ and it works better when used together with a spermicide. The diaphragm should be fitted only by the physician, and should remain in place for six hours after coitus. Cervical Cap & The cervical cap is made of soft rubber and fitted on the rim of the cervix. It is shaped like a thimble with a thin rim, and could stay in place for not more than 48 hours. Male Condoms The male condom is a latex or ‘synthetic rubber sheath that is placed on the erect male reproductive organ before penetration into the female reproductive organ to trap the sperm during ejaculation. It can prevent STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections) and can be bought over-the-counter. Male condoms have an ideal fail rate of 2% and a typical fail rate of 15% due to a break in the. sheath’s integrity or spilling of semen.Surgical Methods con Seminal vesicles fete x Prostate Bulbourethral gland Epididymides Fallopian Tube Surgical Procedures ‘Testes K. D. Schroeder [CC BY-SA 3.0 (htips://creativecommons orglicenses/by-sa/3.0)) via Br brieimie som wed (OC BY-SA-4.0 ftps: treatvecommons orfcansenty 0; During vasectomy, a small incision is made on each side scrotum. The vas deferens is then tied, cauterized, cut, or p' to block the passage of the sperm. The patient is advised to use backup contraceptive method until two negative sperm count resu are recorded because the sperm could remain viable in the y deferens for six months. In women, tubal ligation is performed after menstruation anc before ovulation. The procedure is done through a small incision under the woman's umbilicus that targets the fallopian tube for cuttin 9, cauterizing, or blocking to inhibit the Passage of both the sperm anc the ova.