LEARNING EXERCISE 1.

ESSAYS (10 pts)

1. Emotional intelligence in relation to criminality.
Emotional intelligence helps to manage our reaction and response to stressful situations, but it also helps us to
recognize and understand the emotional plight of others. It’s important that we each “learn” to see the world and its problems
differently so that we don’t become cynical and jaded, which is the stereotypical personality of most correctional employees. A
healthy mindset is equally as important as your physical health. Negativity breeds negativity, so we must do our very best to
maintain a positive outlook despite the difficult interactions we face on a daily basis. Emotional intelligence can help us
maintain a clear view of the world by allowing us to calmly evaluate and respond to different situations. This is how important
Emotional Intelligence if, however it also has ample amount of relativity towards criminality. The concept of emotional
intelligence holds considerable promise for a more comprehensive understanding of chronic criminality. Those with low
emotional intelligence—people who lack insight into their own behavior and empathy toward others—are less inhibited about
violating the rights of others. Injury to the (ventromedial) prefrontal cortex has been linked to the onset of reckless and
antisocial behavior (including violence) without remorse, suggesting our moral compass is rooted in specific frontal lobe
functions that for the chronic offender are defective.

2. How to avoid Stress.

People can learn to manage stress and lead happier, healthier lives. Here are some tips to help you keep stress at
bay. Keep a positive attitude. Accept that there are events that you cannot control. Be assertive instead of aggressive. Assert
your feelings, opinions, or beliefs instead of becoming angry, defensive, or passive. Learn and practice relaxation techniques;
try meditation, yoga, or tai-chi for stress management. Exercise regularly. Your body can fight stress better when it is fit. Eat
healthy, well-balanced meals. Learn to manage your time more effectively. Set limits appropriately and learn to say no to
requests that would create excessive stress in your life. Make time for hobbies, interests, and relaxation. Get enough rest and
sleep. Your body needs time to recover from stressful events. Don't rely on alcohol, drugs, or compulsive behaviors to reduce
stress. Seek out social support. Spend enough time with those you enjoy. And in worse cases, seek treatment with a
psychologist or other mental health professional trained in stress management or biofeedback techniques to learn healthy
ways of dealing with the stress in your life.

3. Why many people die from depression.

People who've survived suicide attempts have reported wanting not so much to die as to stop living, a strange
dichotomy, but a valid one nevertheless. If some in-between state existed, some other alternative to death, I suspect many
suicidal people would take it. They're depressed. Severe depression is almost always accompanied by a pervasive sense of
suffering as well as the belief that escape from it is hopeless. The state of depression warps their thinking, allowing ideas like,
"Everyone would all be better off without me" to make rational sense. They're psychotic. Malevolent inner voices often
command self-destruction for unintelligible reasons. Psychosis is much harder to mask than depression, and is arguably even
more tragic. They're impulsive. Often related to drugs and alcohol, some people become maudlin and impulsively attempt to
end their own lives. Once sobered and calmed, these people usually feel emphatically ashamed. They're crying out for help,
and don't know how else to get it. These people don't usually want to die but do want to alert those around them that
something is seriously wrong.

LESSON 2. IDENTIFICATION- Conflicts and Depressions.

1. Intrapersonal Conflict 2. Perinatal Depression 3. Major Depression 4.Intrapersonal Conflict

5 . Intrapersonal conflicts. 6. Major/ Traumatic Depression 7. Situational Depression
8. Intragroup Conflict 9. Interpersonal conflict 10. Atypical depression

1. At what point in a person’s life are these human rights available to him?
Human rights are moral entitlements that every individual in the world possesses simply in virtue of the fact that he
or she is a human being. In claiming our human rights, we are making a moral claim, normally on our own government, that
you cannot do that, because it is a violation of my moral sphere and my personal dignity. No-one – no individual, no
government – can ever take away our human rights. They are always available to them, and are inherent from birth.
2. What are the sources of human rights?
They come from the fact that we are not only physical beings, but also moral and spiritual human beings. Human
rights are needed to protect and preserve every individual's humanity, to ensure that every individual can live a life of dignity
and a life that is worthy of a human being. They are legalized by binding covenants and laws, especially from the initiative of
the UN Charter.
3. May these rights be waived?
A waiver of rights is an individual’s act of giving up or relinquishing a certain legal right. The individual must be aware
of his intention to waive his rights and should willingly do so and not be coerced. He should express this intention in action or
in writing. Other legal terms for a waiver are releases, hold harmless and exculpatory clauses, but the human rights are
different. Human rights are inalienable. They should not be taken away, except in specific situations and according to due
process. For example, the right to liberty may be restricted if a person is found guilty of a crime by a court of law. But there are
also rights that we can’t waiver.
Activity 03 Human Acts and Responsibility

1. If a virgin is raped physically, entirely against her will. Making all due resistance to the rapist, did
she lose morally her virginity?
- Morality is the differentiation of intentions, decisions and actions between those that are distinguished as
proper and those that are improper. In this case, the ladyb had resisted eagerly, hence she didn’t lose her
virginity morally because she fought for it, though it was all for nothing, she still was able to show how she
valued her morality.
2. Joseph intended to burn the house of his enemy. Is Joseph responsible or not for burning the
town?
-Yes. Joseph is to held responsible still, because his careless act had brought the fire into the whole town.
3. Why is homicide through reckless imprudence a crime even if the driver never intended to kill?
- You have responsibilities when you drive on the roads. It's a privilege to drive not a right. If the driver is
deemed to have neglected these responsibilities, which include making sure your car is roadworthy, and
driving according to the conditions of the road at the time, the law has been broken. Whether it was
intentional or not. It's the same as gun ownership, it comes with responsibilities, if someone is killed with
one of your guns, there's a real good chance you'll be charged, regardless of intent. A car is considered
by the law (in some cases) to be a weapon. A great, big, huge, heavy, fast, deadly weapon. That's why.
4. If one intentionally shoots to kill another, who later was found to be already dead before, did the
former incur any moral guilt? Is he legally guilty?
- Even if the first shot was accidental, when the defendant fired the second shot, he believed that the victim
was still alive and acted to kill him. The offender deserved a significant jail term, as he clearly intended to
kill the victim
5. Give example of an Act of violence.
- Domestic violence is often the most common act of violence to occur between married spouses or in other
intimate relationships or to any family relationship, or persons living in the same home. Domestic violence
includes physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional abuse, as well as threats of violence or economic
control. These are behaviors intended to intimidate, frighten, terrorize, humiliate, manipulate, coerce,
blame, or injure someone.

Activity 04 SPECIFIC DETEMINANTS OF MORALITY

1. The end of action is the natural purpose of an act while the end of the agent are the intentions
/aims of the doer. The end of the act is always the same but the end of the agent varies with the doer.

2. In any case, for Kant, the intention is all that really mattered. That is, if a person intended to do a
good thing, but it turned out terribly wrong, and many people suffered as a result — in Kant’s system of
morality, it was still the right thing to do, because he “meant well. This is because, for Kant, morality
depends on his Categorical Imperative. In this rule of morality, we must always do what we believe
everybody must rightly do in the current situation. Even if it takes great courage — it is our duty to act as
we would want others to act. Nobody, believed Kant, could know all the possible consequences, and that
fact should never prevent us from acting.

3. A rich man in the synagogue donating large amounts in front of crowds for the poor. It was not very
much money to him personally. In contrast an old woman, too old to work gave a single coin, but it was
more than she could afford. While it “looks” good for the rich man to donate a large sum, it was no
hardship or him, whereas the old woman gave everything she had. He was focused on being seen to be
good. Making an impression to “look” good. The woman’s only motivation was to help others, even though
she could not afford it. Her thoughts were focused on other people and their needs.

4. Morally, the one who steals for the poor has earned a moral praise for the benefited poor section,
while the other only satisfied his greed and thus had not earned any moral points.

5. In a case where a madman kills, the mens rea, where the state of mind has not recognize the
intent of killing.

Activity 05 DEFECTIVE NORMS OF REALITY

1. HEDONISM states that actions are good or bad according to whether they give or do not give
worldly pleasures. The good action is the pleasant action. The bad action is that which produces pain.

2. For Utilitarianism, the goodness or badness of an action depends on the effect or consequence.
It’s good if it has good results and bad when it does not.

3. Moral positivism holds that the basis of moral laws is the state. Good actions are identified if the
laws of the states are in its accordance and bad if it is forbidden.

4. In the past human beings believed that some things were right and other things were wrong. We
didn’t know where this moral sense we all had came from or how we were able to make these judgments,
but we knew it in our bones, as if by instinct. There is undeniable evidence of an original common
understanding of right and wrong across early cultures that were otherwise unconnected. The conclusions
of these groups about the goodness or badness of certain actions were remarkably similar. Different
cultural groups explained this moral sense in different ways. Some thought it came from God, a common
gift of general revelation to all mankind. Others thought our morals emerged from the natural order of the
universe itself, a reflection of the “way things should be.” Still others believed reason was the source and
clarifier of our moral sense.

5. Yes. As long as the school’s binding rules are in accordance to the state and to human rights.
Then yes, obeying them means I am being morally obedient and I am morally good.

Activity 06 New Morality

1. Following the norm of Situation ethics, yes the act of the Mother of killing her own child, was
justified, because if she had let the child live and cry, all of them, including the baby would still die by the
hands of the Holocaust pawns.
2. The wife in relation to Situation ethics would help his husband in committing suicide, because of
love. Believing that the death is the only way for his beloved husband to rest and not feel pain anymore
would be a huge drive for her to help him.
3. The girl, who loves herself and for loving her unborn baby thus fearing the criticism and stereotype
to be received upon being born, abortion is not considered evil in the situation ethics.