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HOOK:​ (Setay)​ ​Imagine, you're an African American in North Carolina
during the year 1865. You have the best life you can ask for, a successful
business that started from scratch, and now it’s astounding. But, one day
you go to work and you see your shop and all of your hard work in ashes.
Just because jealous whites did not enjoy seeing you succeed. Now you're
probably wondering… What?! That’s so unfair?! Well, welcome to the era of
the Jim Crow laws. Now, let’s get to the presentation shall we?
Topic 1: ​Origin ​(Setay)
As early as 1865, the origins of the Jim Crow laws started, and that was
precisely when the Black Codes were created. The Ku Klux Klan ( KKK) was one
of the most brutal organisations of the Jim Crow era. With representatives at the
highest levels of government and at the lowest levels of illegal back alleys, the
KKK developed into an underground group terrorizing Black neighborhoods and
flowing into white Southern culture.

Topic 2: (Anastasia)​ Jim Crow laws were not the first set of laws to restrict the
rights of African-Americans, though they were extremely harsh. They forbade
black people the right to vote, which, in turn, allowed these laws to subsist. Any
business, facility, or establishment had the legal right to refuse service to
someone solely based on the color of their skin. Public utilities such as buses,
drinking fountains, and even bathrooms were segregated to blacks and whites.
Failure to comply with these laws resulted in jail time, hefty fines, and in many
cases execution. Unfortunately, the legal system was just as prejudiced as the
population, so if there were to be a lynching, most officials would turn a blind eye.

Topic 3: (Daniel) ​In a Woolworth department store in Greensboro on February 1,

1960, four black men from North Carolina demanded to be seated at the
segregated lunch counter of the store. The boss declined and, before closing
time, the young men stayed seated. The next day, with 15 other students, the
demonstrators left, and the third day with 300. The principle of peaceful sit-in
demonstrations circulated across the nation a long time ago.
Another form of demonstration was planned using "Freedom Riders," drawing on
the momentum of the "sit-ins." The Freedom Riders were a voluntary group of
activists: men and women, black and white who roaded interstate buses into the
deep south to question the U.S. non-compliance of the region.

Topic 4:(Rebecca)​ ​Global effects​: The jim crow laws composed of enhanced
public education , public transit, and the discrimination between white and black
citizens of bathrooms, resturants, stores, and drinking fountains. By then, the
U.S. military was also segregated.
From the late 1800s, the name Jim Crow came to signify the social and
legal segregation of black Americans from white. After the Civil War and
Reconstruction, whites disenfranchised black men, frequently relegated black
workers to low-paying jobs, and poorly funded public schools for black children.
In this way, whites in the Jim Crow South crafted a bitter web of political,
economic, and social barriers to full and equal citizenship for their fellow black
citizens.
African Americans demonstrate subservience and inferiority to whites at all
times. A black man who succeeded in business might find his shop burned to the
ground by jealous whites. A black woman who failed to step off of the sidewalk to
make way for a white man might be fired by her employer the following day.
These are all examples of a prejudice legal system.

Topic 5: (Ben)​ Ida B. Wells was an African-American teacher from Memphis,

Tennessee, who refused to leave a white-only train car. She sued the railroad,
but was overturned, and dedicated herself to fighting the Jim Crow laws.
Charlotte Hawkins Brown was a black woman who was born in North
Carolina, but was mainly raised in Massachusetts. After returning to North
Carolina at the age of 17 to work as a teacher, Brown faced injustice, as her
school was defunded with no adequate basis. She started her own school, titled
the Palmer Memorial Institute, which quickly became a vocal opponent of the Jim
Crow Laws.
Unlike the other protesters who advocated for equality, former slave Isaiah
Montgomery believed in total separation. He created the African-American-only
town of Mound Bayou, Mississippi, in 1887, for former slaves to reside. They
eventually created multiple schools, a library, three cotton gins, a bank, and a
sawmill.
Topic 6:​ ​(Setay)
Following the Second World War, Jim Crow discrimination came under
increasing pressure. As he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, Jackie Robinson broke
the color-line of baseball of 1947. President Truman signed an executive order in
1948 that formally desegregated the US armed forces.
(Rebecca)
But in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the Plessy
ruling was not reversed until 1954, when the Supreme Court found that
segregated facilities were "inherently unequal." In the 1960s, Jim Crow was
abolished piece by piece, due to the work of the Civil Rights Movement, through
laws that made it unconstitutional to segregate public facilities.

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