1. The toggle pliers are used for a variety of clamping purposes.

For the handle

position given by a=10o and for a handle grip P=150 N, calculate the clamping
force C produced. Note that pins A and D are symmetric about the horizontal
centerline of the tool.
 FBD of Upper Handle
Ay
P=150 N

+
M B  0
10o
150100 cos10  20 sin 10  Ay 20 sin 10  0
B
Ay  4103.46 N
By
Symmetry axis
FBD of Upper Jaw
FBD of Lower Handle By

+ Ay
C
M O  0 Oy
4103.4620  C 60  0 C  1367.82 N
1367.82
Mechanical Advantage:  9.12
150
P=150 N Dy
2. The elements of a rear suspension for a front-wheel-drive car are shown in
the figure. Determine the magnitude of the force at each joint if the normal
force F exerted on the tire has a magnitude of 3600 N.
Two-force member: CD y
FBD of Wheel + BC
x

 60 
a  tan 1    12.09


 280 
FBD of CD a
FCD
C FCD
FCD
Bx
D

+ By
M B  0
3600(165)  FCD cos a(305)  FCD sin a(70)  0
FCD  1898 N

Fx  0  Bx  FCD cos a  0 Bx  1856 N

Fy  0  B y  FCD sin a  3600  0 B y  4000 N
B  1856 2  4000 2  4410 N
 y
FBD of member AEB
x

 435 
  tan 1    65.30


 200 

Ay By
+ FEF
M A  0  Bx
 FEF sin (260)  4000(350)  0 Ax
FEF  5920 N

Fx  0 Ax  FEF cos   1856  0 Ax  4330 N

Fy  0 Ay  FEF sin   4000  0 Ay  1384 N

A  4330 2  1384 2  4550 N

3. Calculate the x- and y-components of all forces acting on each member of the
loaded frame.
4. The motion of the backhoe bucket is controlled by the hydraulic cylinders AB, DE, and FI.
Determine the forces exerted by pin C and cylinders AB and IF in supporting the 7.5 kN load shown.
5. The device shown is an overload prevention mechanism. When the force acting on the
smooth peg at D reaches 1 kN, the peg will be sheared, allowing the jaws at C to open and
thereby releasing the eye-bolt. Determine the maximum value of the tension P that can be
applied without causing the eye-bolt to be released. Neglect friction.
6. The design of a hoisting
mechanism for the dump truck
is shown in the enlarged view.
Determine the compression P in
the hydraulic cylinder BE and
the magnitude of the force
supported by the pin at A for the
particular position shown,
where BA is perpendicular to
OAE and link DC is
perpendicular to AC. The dump
and its load together have a
mass of 9 Mg with center of
mass at G.
 Two-force members : DC and BE
FBD of Dump W=9000(9.81) N

Oy
69.5o

FCD
Ox

+
M O  0
90009.81 cos 24.51200  90009.81sin 24.5960  FCD sin 69.5747   FCD cos 69.5222  0
FCD  78796.856 N  78.797 kN
 Two-force members : DC and BE
FBD of ABC
FCD
69.524.5=45o
300 mm
12
3
300 mm
FBE
Ay

Ax
+  
12
M A  0  FCD 300 2  FBE  300  0 
 FBE  114.865 kN
 12  3 
2 2

12
Fx  0 FCD cos 45  FBE  Ax  0  Ax  55.717 kN
12  3
2 2

3
Fy  0  FCD sin 45  FBE  Ay  0  Ay  27.859 kN
12  3
2 2
7. Determine the horizontal and vertical components of force that the pins at A, B,
and D exert on the A-frame.

0.25 m

0.75 m
1m
1600 N
B D

1m 1200 N

A E   36.87 o
0.5 m 0.5 m 0.5 m 0.5 m
FBD of Entire Frame
+
M A  0
12002.25  12000.75  16002.25  N cos 2   0
N  4500 N
0.25 m 1200 N

C Fx  0
1200  Ax  N sin   0
0.75 m
1m
1600 N
Ax  1500 N
B D

Fy  0
1m 1200 N
Ay  1200  1600  N cos   0
Ax A E   36.87 o Ay  800 N
Ay
Ay
0.5 m 0.5 m 0.5 m 0.5 m
 N
FBD of ABC Cy1 FBD of BD
Cx1 1600 N
C By
Dy

Bx B D
By
Dx
Bx
B +
Ay=800 N 2 M D  0  16000.75  B y 1  0
B y  1200 N
Ax=1500 N
A
+ 3 Fy  0   B y  1600  D y  0
M C  0
D y  2800 N
 Ax 2   Ay 1  Bx 1  B y 0.5  0
Bx  0.5 B y  3800 1
1 → Bx  3200 N
4 Fx  0  B x  Dx  0
Dx  Bx  3200 N
 8. A basketball hoop whose rim
height is adjustable is shown. The
supporting post ABCD weighs 400 N
with the center of gravity at point C,
and backboard-hoop assembly
24 800 N
weighs 220 N with the center of
7
gravity at point G. The height of the
rim is adjustable by means of the
screw and hand crank IJ, where the
screw is vertical. If a person with
800 N weight hangs on the rim,
determine the support reactions at
D and the forces supported by all
members.
Hint: Member IJ is a two-force
member.
FBD of Entire Structure
y 220 N
Fx  0 Dx  224  0
Dx  224 N
x Dx

224 N
Fy  0

24
768 N 7 D y  400  220  768  0
800 N
D y  1388 N
400 N

+
M D  0
M D  2200.72  2243  7681.35  0
M D  1867.2 N  m
Dx MD
Dy
 FBD of member EFH Two-force members : IJ and AE

(backboard-hoop assembly) +
220 N M F  0
FAE cos 0.48  220(0.12)  768(0.75)  0

FAE  1607.19 N
FAE F 224 N
F Fx  0
x
Fy 2 
FAE cos   Fx  224  0
768 N 4 7 1607.19
800 N
Fx  1031 N

0.6 m E Fy  0
  FAE sin   Fy  220  768  0
0.48 m

FAE Fy  1992 N
38.66o
A F  (1031) 2  (1992) 2  2243 N
FBD of member IBF IJ: Two-force member
F Fx
FIJ
By

B Fy

I Bx

FIJ FIJ

+
M B  0  FIJ 0.15  Fx (0.48)  Fy (0.60)  0
FIJ  4669 N

Fx  0  Bx  Fx  0  Bx  Fx  1031 N
Fy  0   FIJ  B y  Fy  0 B y  6661 N
B  (1031) 2  (6661) 2  6740 N
9. The mechanism in the figure is used to raise the bucket of a bulldozer. The bucket and its contents
weigh 10 kN and have a center of gravity at H. Arm ABCD has a weight of 2 kN and a center of gravity
at B, arm DEFG has a weight of 1 kN and a center of gravity at E. The weights of the hydraulic cylinders
can be neglected. Determine the forces in the hydraulic cylinders CJ, BF and EI and also determine all
the forces acting at arm DEFG.
Two-force members: CJ, BF, EI.

FBD of bucket

FEI
E
Gy

Gx

10 kN
+
 MG  0  100.3  FEI 1.2 cos 30  0 FEI  2.88 kN
Fx 0  Gx  FEI  0 Gx  2.88 kN
 Fy  0  G y  10  0 G y  10 kN

FBD of hydraulic cylinder EI

FEI E I FEI
FBD of DEFG
D
Dy
Dx 30o 30o
D
 F
E FEI
30o a
19o
B
1 kN F

BF  1.82  1.22  21.81.2 cos 60

2
FBF G  BF  1.59 m
Gx 1.2 1.8 1.59
Gy    a  41o ,   79o
sin a sin  sin 60
+
M D 0 
FEI 0.6 cos 30  10.6 sin 30  FBF sin 711.2 cos 30  FBF cos 711.2 sin 30  Gx 1.8 cos 30  G y 1.8 sin 30  0

 
2.88 2.88 10

FBF  10.42 kN

F x
0  Gx  Dx  FBF cos19  FEI  0 Dx  9.85 kN

F y 0  G y  D y  1  FBF sin 19  0 D y  7.61 kN

FBD of entire system

P=FCJ

1 kN
Ay
2 kN 10 kN

Ax
+
M A 0 
 FCJ 1.8 sin 60  100.3  1.8 sin 30  2.7 sin 30  10.6 sin 30  2.7 sin 30  20.9 sin 30  0
FCJ  18 kN

F x
0   FCJ  Ax  0 Ax  18 kN

F y 0  Ay  2  1  10  0 Ay  13 kN
 10. The figure shows a special rig
15 kN
designed to erect vertical sections of a
construction tower. The assembly A has
20 kN
a weight of 15 kN and is elevated by the
platform B, which itself has a weight of
20 kN. The platform is guided up the
fixed vertical column by rollers and is
activated by the hydraulic cylinder CD
and links EDF and FH. For the
particular position shown, calculate the
force exerted by the hydraulic cylinder
at D and the magnitude of the force
supported by the pin at E.
Two-force members: CD, HF. FBD of HF (FHF)x
15 kN
FHF (FHF)y=35 kN
20 kN

3m
1.25 m
FHF

a  22.619 o
35 3
  FFH  37.916 kN
FFH 3.25
FBD of EDF a  22.619o , FFH  37.916 kN

Ey E

0.75 m
Ex 1m D

3m

FHF
a

C
FCD
1
sin      18.43o
3.16
+
ME  0 
 FCD cos  1  FCD sin  0.75  FFH cos a 3  FFH sin a 2.25  0 FCD  60.87 kN

Fx  0  E x  FFH sin a  FCD sin   0 E x  33.83 kN

 Fy  0  E y  FFH cos a  FCD cos   0 E y  22.74 kN
11. The elements of a stump grinder with a total mass (exclusive of the hydraulic cylinder DF and arm
CE) of 300 kg with mass center at G are shown in the figure. The mechanism for articulation about a
vertical axis is omitted, and the wheels at B are free to turn. For the nominal position shown, link CE is
horizontal and the teeth of the cutting wheel are even with the ground. If the magnitude of the force F
exerted by the cutter on the stump is 400 N, determine the force P in the hydraulic cylinder and the
magnitude of the force supported by the pin at C.
Two-force member: DF.
FBD of entire machine

Ey

Ex

20o
By F
ME  0 
F cos 200.6  
  F sin 202.25  B y 1.55  300  9.812.05  0 B y  3521.78 N
400 400

Fx  0  E x  F cos 20  0 E x  375.87 N

 Fy  0  E y  B y  300  9.81  F sin 20  0 E y  715.59 N
 FBD of EDC
P Cy
D
a
Ex E C
Cx
F

230 mm
Ey 230
D a tan a 
1300
 a  10.03o
1300 mm

 MC  0   E y 1.35  P cos a 0.15  P sin a 0.9  0 P  3172.54 N


715 .59

Fx  0  Cx  Ex  P
 cos a  0 C x  2748.15 N

375 .87 3172 .54
 Fy  0   Ey  Cy   P sin a  0 C y  163.05 N
 3172 .54
715 .59
12. If the forces shown in the figure are applied to the digger at point G, find the forces in
the hydraulic cylinders HB and CD.
(1) FBD of entire digger (2) FBD of bucket+FK+EC+CD+CJ

FCD
FHB
15o

Ax Kx
Ky
Ay

(1)
M A  0 
 55  30.9   FHB cos 352.1  FHB sin 351.8  0 FHB  32.42 kN
(2)
MK  0 
 52   31.3  FCD cos 150.25 sin 70   FCD sin 150.25 cos 70   0 FCD  24.49 kN