Napoleon

Bonaparte
1769-1821
2
Napoleon Bonaparte
▣ Born on August 15,
1769, in the city of
Ajaccio on the island
of Corsica.
□ French colony in the
Mediterranean
▣ His father was Carlo
Buonaparte, an
important attorney
who represented
Corsica at the court of
the French King.
▣ He had four brothers
and three sisters.
3
 Early Life of Napoleon
▣ Went to a military academy in France and
trained to become an officer in the army.
□ Become a military officer at 16 years old
▣ While in Corsica, Napoleon became
involved with a local revolutionary named
Pasquale Paoli.
▣ For a while he helped Paoli in fighting
against the French occupation of Corsica.
▣ Later changed sides and returned to
France.
4
 During the French Revolution
▣ Napoleon was in Corsica
while the French Revolution
was happening.
▣ When he returned to France
he allied himself with a
radical group of the
revolutionaries called the
Jacobins.
▣ He was an artillery
commander at the Siege of
Toulon in 1793.
5
▣ Toulon was occupied by British
troops and the British navy had
control over the port.
▣ Napoleon came up with a strategy
that helped to defeat the British
and force them out of the port.
▣ His military leadership in the
battle was recognized by the
leaders of France and became
brigadier general.
Military Commander
▣ In 1796, Napoleon was given command
of the French army in Italy.
▣ In Italy he found the army was poorly
organized which ended in a loss to the Place your screenshot here
Austrians.
▣ After the loss, he used superior
organization in order to move troops
rapidly around the battlefield.
▣ Soon he drove the Austrians out of Italy
□ He became a national hero.

6
 Becoming a Dictator

▣ After leading a military expedition in Egypt, Napoleon returned

to Paris in 1799.
▣ The current government was losing power.
▣ Together with his allies Napoleon formed a new government
called the Consulate.
▣ Initially, there were to be three consuls at the head of the
government, but Napoleon gave himself the title of First Consul.
□ His powers as First Consul essentially made him dictator of
France.

7
Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de la
Pagerie
▣ Daughter of a minor aristocrat
▣ She was known as Rose or Marie and it
was Napoleon who called her Place your screenshot here

Josephine.
▣ At 16 she was sent to France to be
married to the Vicomte de
Beauharnais, but then they separated.
▣ She was the first Empress of France.
▣ She failed to give Napoleon an heir.
▣ They eventually got divorced.

8
 Marie-Louise

Napoleon’s second wife and the second Empress of France.

Gave birth to Napoleon’s first son.
9
 PROGRAMS AND REFORMS Napoleon Influenced

Bank of France Tax Reforms Education

▣ Stability, monopoly, ▣ Everyone pays fair ▣ Sponsored high
backed by gold and taxes schools
silver. ▣ First step towards
public education.

Napoleonic Code The Concordat

▣ New legal system, recognizes the
equality of all men.
▣ Religious freedom and the right to
choose any occupation.
▣ Rights to protect women and
children were abolished.
10
▣ Develops a positive
relationship with the
Catholic Church.
▣ Separated church
and state.
 Conquering Europe
▣ France was at war with Britain, Austria, and Russia.
▣ After losing a naval battle against Britain at the
Battle of Trafalgar, Napoleon decided to attack
Austria.
▣ He soundly defeated the Austrian and Russian
armies at the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805.
▣ Over the next several years, Napoleon expanded the
French Empire.
□ At its greatest extent in 1811, France controlled
much of Europe from Spain to the borders of
Russia.

11
12
 “
In 1812, Napoleon decided to invade Russia. He
marched a huge army to Russia and after a fierce battle
with the Russian army, Napoleon entered Moscow.
However, he found the city deserted and soon, the city
was on fire. Many of the supplies were burned and as
winter approached, Napoleon's army ran out of
supplies. He had to return to France. By the time he
returned to France, most of what was left of his army
had died from the weather or starved to death.

13
 RUSSIAN INVASION 1812
● Russians lure Napoleon’s army into vast lands and Russia burns
Moscow to the ground.
● Military strategy that aims to destroy anything that might be useful
to the enemy.
● Of the 600 000 men he took with him, 500 000 died, deserted, or
were captured.
14
Napoleon's Retreat from Moscow by Adolph Northen
15
 Exile on Elba
▣ The rest of Europe now turned on France
▣ Despite winning a few victories, Napoleon had too small
of an army.
▣ Decides that his only option is to give up the throne and
places himself at the mercy of his enemies.
▣ He was forced into exile on the island of Elba in 1814.
16
 Return and Waterloo
ESCAPED:
▣ Napoleon escaped in 1815.
▣ An army quickly backed
him
▣ He took control over Paris
for a period called the
Hundred Days.
▣ The rest of Europe,
however, would not stand
for a return of Napoleon.
17
WATERLOO:
▣ The rest of Europe
gathered their armies
and met him at
Waterloo.
▣ Napoleon was defeated
at the Battle of Waterloo
on June 18, 1815
▣ Forced back into exile
□ On the island of
Saint Helena.
 Napoleon in Exile on St.
Helena
by Francois-Joseph Sandmann

18
 Napoleon's death

On May 5, 1821 Napoleon died, after six years of exile on Saint Helena.
It is likely that he died from stomach cancer. His remains were moved to
France in 1840 to Les Invalides in Paris.

19
Napoleon's
tomb in Les
Invalides, in
Paris.

20
 Fun Facts About Napoleon

▣ Napoleon is ▣ Beethoven was ▣ Today, when

famous for going to someone seems
being fairly dedicate his 3rd to be
short, probably Symphony to overcompensat
5 feet 6 inches Napoleon, but ing for being
tall. changed his short they are
▣ He wrote a mind after said to have a
romance novel Napoleon "Napoleon
called Clisson crowned complex."
et Eugenie. himself
emperor.

21
While
watching
the video
try and
decide if
Napoleon
was good
or bad for
France.

22
Infographic
Assignment
Create a infographic on the rise and fall of
Napoleon Bonaparte. If you are not sure
where to start, start by creating a timeline of
Napoleon's life and pulling out important
events. Make your infographic eye catching,
easy to understand, and informational.

23