Maven & JUnit introduction

Agenda

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
Introduction

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
Introduction

How to compile java project

● Use command line and javac

● Use your IDE
● Use make
● Use ANT (Another Neat Tool)
● Use Maven
● Use Gradle
Introduction

Why maven?

● De facto standard
● Able to compile, test, pack, distribute source code
● Robust dependency management
● Extensible via plugins
● Large community (there are a lot of different plugins and solutions
for maven)
Build lifecycle

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
Build lifecycle

● Maven relies on build lifecycle to define the process of building and

distributing artifacts (jar, war, ear, etc)
● There are 3 build-in lifecycles
○ Default (handles project building and deployment)
○ Clean (handles project cleaning)
○ Site (handles project site documentation generation)
Lifecycle phases

https://maven.apache.org/guides/introduction/introduction-to-the-lifecycle.html#Lifecycle_Reference

Validate Compile Test Package Integration test Verify Install

Deploy
Lifecycle phases

● You can call specific phase on the lifecycle (ex: mvn test)
● It will execute not only that build phase, but also every build phase
prior to the called build phase.

Validate Compile Test

pom.xml

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
pom.xml

● POM stands for Project Object Model. It is an XML file that always
resides in the base directory as pom.xml

● POM contains information about project, dependencies, and various

configuration details used by Maven to build the project(s).
pom.xml sample

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.epam</groupId>
<artifactId>unit-test-sample</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>Maven jUnit sample</name>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.8.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.epam</groupId>
<artifactId>unit-test-sample</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>Maven jUnit sample</name>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.8.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Directory Layout

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
Default directory layout

.
├── pom.xml
└── src
├── main
│ ├── java
│ │ └── com
│ │ └─ epam
│ │ └── unittest
│ │ └─ Main.java
│ └── resources
└── test
├── java
│ └── com
│ └─ epam
│ └─ unittest
│ └─ MainTest.java
└── resources
Default directory layout

.
├── pom.xml This part is common for each java maven project
└── src
├── main
│ ├── java
│ │ └── com
│ │ └─ epam
│ │ └── unittest
│ │ └─ Main.java
│ └── resources
└── test
├── java
│ └── com
│ └─ epam
│ └─ unittest
│ └─ MainTest.java
└── resources
Archetypes

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
Maven archetype

What is archetype?

● archetype is maven plugin whose task is to create a project structure

as per its template
● It helps user to to quickly start a new java project using command
mvn archetype:generate

Quickstart archetype generates “Hello world” project with unit test

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.mycompany.app -DartifactId=my-app

-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
JUnit

● Introduction
● Build lifecycle
● pom.xml
● Directory layout
● Archetypes
● JUnit
What is JUnit?

● JUnit is an open source framework that has been designed for the
purpose of writing and running tests in the Java programming
language

● Originally written by Erich Gamma and Kent Beck

● JUnit is a regression-testing framework that developers can use to

write tests as they develop systems
How it looks

public class Sum {

int plus(int a, int b) {

return a + b;
}
}

import org.junit.Test;
public class MainTest {

@Test
public void testPlus() throws Exception {
Sum sum = new Sum();
assertEquals(4, sum.plus(2, 2));
}
}
How it looks

public class MainTest {

Sum sum;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
sum = new Sum();
}

@Test
public void testPlus() throws Exception {
assertEquals(4, sum.plus(2, 2));
}
}
Maven and JUnit

● The Surefire Plugin is used during the test phase of the build
lifecycle to execute the unit tests of an application.

● It generates reports in two different file formats:

● Plain text files (*.txt)
● XML files (*.xml)

● By default, these files are generated at

${basedir}/target/surefire-reports.
Maven and JUnit

mvn test

[INFO] Scanning for projects...

[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven jUnit sample 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
…

[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ unit-test-sample ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: /work/java/unit-test-sample/target/surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running com.epam.unittest.MainTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.044 sec

Results :

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

Questions ?