Enhanced Oil Recovery

Definition and Classification

Prof.Dr.Ir. Hasian P. Septoratno Siregar DEA
Dr. Rani Kurnia, S.Si.,M.T

General

Immiscible Displacement

Miscible Displacement

Chemical Recovery

Thermal Recovery

Microbial Recovery

Factors Affecting EOR

Introduction
Learning objectives
a means Keywords
of producing oil with the
EOR introduction of external fluids, substances,
and energy into the oil reservoir

Fluids
Standards
water, steam, chemical, microbes

Energy mechanic, thermal or combination of the

two
Introduction

Immiscible Displacement

Miscible Displacement Objective of EOR

to improve oil recovery by considering the economics
Chemical Recovery

Thermal Recovery The most known EOR

Waterflood
Microbial Recovery (gives oil recovery as much as 30% of initial reserve)

Vibroseismic
Immiscible and Miscible
Displacement

Immiscible Displacement
•Fluids: Water, Hydrocarbon, CO2, N2, Air
Miscible Displacement
•Fluids: Hydrocarbon solvent, CO2, Flue Gas, N2
Chemical Recovery
• Increase pH until 11 – 12

Alkaline • Could reduce interfacial tension to 0.01 dyne/cm

• NaOH in water: 0.05 – 0.2% (500 – 2000 ppm)

• Mixture of polymer, alcohol, sulfonate

• Reducing the interfacial tension

Surfactant • Reducing the capillary pressure

• Increasing the microscopic displacement efficiency

 Chemical Recovery

• Improving water-oil mobility ratio (↓)

• Increasing Sweep Efficiency (ES) - Macroscopic

• Often used in combination with surfactant

Polymer • Most common used polymer

Polyacrylamide: artificial, flexible

Polysaccharide: fermentation, rigid, effective for reservoir with high

viscosity oil
Thermal Recovery

a process to improve oil recovery by introducing heat

to the oil reservoir so the oil viscosity will be reduced
or oil phase changes into vapor phase

Hot – water flood Steam processes In situ combustion

Thermal Recovery
• Cyclic Steam Stimulation (Huff ’n’ Puff)
Steam • Steam Drive (Steam Flood)

Processes

• Injecting air and burn some oil

In Situ • Reducing oil viscosity, changing oil into vapor phase,
and displacing with combination of steam, hot

Combustion water and gas

Microbial EOR
a process to improve oil
recovery by using microbes

Microbes
Characteristics

Able to live in Able to use

Able to live in Able to live in
high pressure hydrocarbon
Anaerobe low pH and less nutrition
and high as nutrition
high salinity environment
temperature source
Microbial EOR
Producing acid
dissolve rock matrix so that will increase porosity and permeability

Producing gas
basically similar with CO2 flood

Producing solvent
Microbial EOR miscible with oil, and reducing oil viscosity and giving better mobility ratio

Mechanism Producing surfactant

basically similar with surfactant flood

Selective plugging

Producing polymer
reducing water mobility and able to control water mobility by increasing
water viscosity
Factors Affecting EOR
Wettability
Petrophysical properties
Rock type
Oil type
P & T of the reservoir
Reservoir driving mechanism
Formation water salinity
Heterogenity
Present Oil Saturation
Remaining Oil Reserves
Economics