INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA NUESTRA SEÑORA DEL ROSARIO

VILLAMARÍA
SEDES: NUESTRA SEÑORA DEL ROSARIO – DOCE DE OCTUBRE – NAZARIO RESTREPO – MONTAÑO – A ASPAR
BACHILLERATO ACADÉMICO: Resoluciones N ° 5830 de 27/11/2009 y 1399-6 de 12/03/2019
EDUCACIÓN DE ADULTOS: Resolución N°. 7242-6 de 22/10 2014
NIT 900137553-5 – DANE
GUIA DE TRABAJO INGLES GRADO ONCE

Lea las siguientes lecturas y realice las actividades propuestas, identifique en las lecturas idea principal, ideas
secundarias, personajes, eventos y tiempo verbal. Hacer una lista de las palabras desconocidas en su cuaderno.

1. Introducing Carmen

Carmen is a young woman who moves to the big city for a new job – but also for an adventure – after she
finishes university. Before we read her adventures, we will learn a little about her.

Carmen is tired after traveling for more than three days. Her neck is stiff 1 and she is tired. But, she is in New
Spork City! She looked out the window at everything the bus passed as it drove into the center of the city. She
will make this her city!

Carmen is twenty-two years old and has a bachelor's degree in business administration and tomorrow
she will start her first 'real' job. She is very excited. Or, she wants to be excited, but she's mostly tired.

Three days ago, she began her trip when her father drove her two hours to the nearest city with a bus
station. Then, she had a thirty hour bus trip to Cincinnati, Ohio. After waiting eight hours in Cincinnati, the bus
trip to New Spork City was eighteen more hours.

She slept on the bus, but she really doesn't have the energy to be excited. Instead, she watches the bus
driver pull suitcases from the cargo2 area under the bus. When he pulls hers out, she takes it and walks through
the glass doors to the bus terminal.

The city is so big that the bus terminal is underground, a kind of oversized 3 parking garage.

Carmen's bus arrived at gate 137. Are there really 137 gates in the bus terminal? That's more than any
airport she ever visited. And there are more similarities 4 to an airport: when she leaves the gate there is a large
shopping area full of people pulling luggage behind them.

She has been eating apples and sandwiches for the last three days. Of course the first things she does is
to find something warm to eat: her first pizza in New Spork City.

It is good pizza.

Maybe the pizza tastes so good because she is hungry. But, Carmen thinks that this is the best pizza she
has ever had. If this is bus-terminal pizza, how good is the good pizza in the city? She can't wait5 to find out.

Before she can go to a restaurant, though, she has to get her baggage to her new apartment. Then, tomorrow,
she will have her first day at her new job.

1
'Stiff' means 'not flexible' or 'difficult to move.'
2
There are two things you can transport: passengers and cargo. Everything that isn't a person is cargo.
3
This simply means 'bigger than the usual size.'
4
A 'similarity' is a thing that is similar or 'almost the same' as another thing.
5
We say you “can't wait” when you are excited for a thing. Of course you can wait. You have to.

Done by Alejandra Tangarife

 To be continued...

Some questions

Before we start reading, the adventures (and misadventures) that Carmen has in New Spork City, here are
some things to think about. These are all opinion questions, so there is no right or wrong answer to them.

1. Carmen is twenty-two years old. What were you doing when you were twenty-two years old? (Or, what
will you be doing when you are twenty-two years old?)
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2. Do you think Carmen is brave or foolish for making the move to the big city? Why?
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3. What will be your idea of adventure when you are twenty-two? What is your idea of adventure now?
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4. What kind of person would come to your city? What would be a reason to come there?
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5. Carmen's first day of work is in the very next story. Do you think her first day will be like yours will be?
What will yours be?
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6. What are typical challenges in a new company?
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7. Carmen found her apartment online and has never seen it in person. What kind of problems can she
expect?
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8. What will your first apartment (or house) as an 'adult' (not a student) be? Will it be a good first
apartment? Why?

Done by Alejandra Tangarife

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2. How Smoking Affects Your Health

There are no physical reasons to start smoking. The body

doesn't need tobacco the way it needs food, water, sleep, and
exercise. In fact, many of the chemicals in cigarettes, like
nicotine and cyanide, are actually poisons that can kill in high
enough doses.

The body is smart. It goes on the defense when it's being

poisoned. For this reason, many people find it takes several
tries to get started smoking: First-time smokers often feel pain
or burning in the throat and lungs, and some people feel sick or
even throw up the first few times they try tobacco.

The consequences of this poisoning happen gradually. Over the

long term, smoking leads people to develop health problems like cancer, emphysema (breakdown of lung
tissue), organ damage, and heart disease. These diseases limit a person's ability to be normally active —
and can be fatal. Each time a smoker lights up, that single cigarette takes about 5 to 20 minutes off the
person's life.

Smokers not only develop wrinkles and yellow teeth, they also lose bone density, which increases their risk
of osteoporosis , a condition that causes older people to become bent over and their bones to break more
easily. Smokers also tend to be less active than nonsmokers because smoking affects lung power.

Smoking can also cause fertility problems and can impact sexual health in both men and women. Girls who
are on the pill or other hormone-based methods of birth control (like the patch or the ring) increase their
risk of serious health problems, such as heart attacks, if they smoke.

The consequences of smoking may seem very far off, but long-term health problems aren't the only hazard
of smoking. Nicotine and the other toxins in cigarettes, cigars, and pipes can affect a person's body quickly,
which means that teen smokers experience many of these problems:

Done by Alejandra Tangarife

Bad skin. Because smoking restricts blood vessels, it can prevent oxygen and nutrients from getting to the
skin — which is why smokers often appear pale and unhealthy. An Italian study also linked smoking to an
increased risk of getting a type of skin rash called psoriasis.

Bad breath. Cigarettes leave smokers with a condition called halitosis, or persistent bad breath.

Bad-smelling clothes and hair. The smell of stale smoke tends to linger — not just on people's clothing,
but on their hair, furniture, and cars. And it's often hard to get the smell of smoke out.

Reduced athletic performance. People who smoke usually can't compete with nonsmoking peers
because the physical effects of smoking (like rapid heartbeat, decreased circulation, and shortness of
breath) impair sports performance.

Greater risk of injury and slower healing time. Smoking affects the body's ability to produce collagen,
so common sports injuries, such as damage to tendons and ligaments, will heal more slowly in smokers
than nonsmokers.

Increased risk of illness. Studies show that smokers get more colds, flu, bronchitis, and pneumonia than
nonsmokers. And people with certain health conditions, like asthma, become more sick if they smoke (and
often if they're just around people who smoke). Because teens who smoke as a way to manage weight
often light up instead of eating, their bodies lack the nutrients they need to grow, develop, and fight off
illness properly.

1, Why do people start smoking?

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2, What are the long term consequences of smoking?

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3,What can smoking produce in your teeth skin and bones?

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4,What happen with your athletic performance when you smoke?

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5,Write five consequences of smoking.(5 marks)

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6,According to the text you can say that:

a. People should smoke b. People don't have to smoke

c. People must smoke d. People shouldn't smoke

7,The text can be taken from:

Done by Alejandra Tangarife

a. A newspaper b. A web page c. An advertisement d. A book

8, The author's purpose is:

a. To prevent that teens smoke b. To say the benefits of smoking

c.To advice people to smoke d. To help parents to control their children

For questions 9-20 Complete the sentences using must, mustn't, have to , don't have to, has to, doesn’t
have to, should or shouldn't

9,You __________ watch t.v all day. It is not good

10, We _________ to be on time in the school.

11, Teachers __________ to wear uniforms

12, Rosa had an accident . She _________ go to the hospital.

13, You can bring candies if you want: You _____________ to bring them.

14, We ________ respect our teachers and classmates.

15,In our school we________ to help with the cleaning.

16 My mother __________to do the dishes. My father does the dishes everyaday.

17.Drivers __________ respect traffic lights.

18.You __________ cry. This was not a good boyfriend.

19.You __________ ride your motorbike without a helmet.

20.Parents__________ take car of babies.

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3. the environment

We all need water. The problem is there is often too much or too little. And there are other
problems, when it rains a lot the level of the rivers rises. The water runs over the banks. People drown.
Their cars and houses ruined. Animals drown, too. Many big cities in Asia, Latin America and Europe often
have floods.

Done by Alejandra Tangarife

 Sometimes it doesn’t rain for a long time. Plants die. Animals die, too. People have no food .Many
countries in Africa have problems with droughts. Every year these droughts get worse and worse.

Industry always pollutes water with chemicals. Some farmers use too many chemicals. These enter the
rivers and lakes. They kill the plants and fish.

The world is getting warmer, so water levels are rising. Climates are changing. Some countries are
becoming hotter and drier. This affects agriculture.

People want to control global warming, but they can’t agree about the best solutions.

(By Susan Holden, from topics, MacMillan Education, 2006)

1. Does it rain a lot in Latin America and Europe?

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2. Why do animals and plants die in Africa?
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3. Do people agree about global warming solutions?

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4. Match each idea with the corresponding paragraph.

Paragraph 1 Global warming effect

Paragraph 2 Lot of rain causes floods
Paragraph 3 Lack of rain causes droughts
Paragraph 4 Water pollution

5. Find in the input words that are opposite in meaning to the following words.

a- Colder =/= ……………… b- Few =/= ……………

c- disagree =/=…………….. d- the worst=/=……………

Imagine you are a militant in a ‘Green’ political party .Write a paragraph of about seven lines to
announce the programme which your party will implement if it wins the elections.

You can start like this :

Our planet is in danger because of pollution, we should all agree about the best solutions to save it.

1. If you vote for us, we will ……. To plant trees / to ban traffic in towns / build recycling factories/

to clean the polluted rivers ……. .

2. As soon as we take office, we will... To oblige factories to re-use old bottles / to impose taxes on

Polluting factories / on cigarettes/ to create jobs for street sweepers.

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Done by Alejandra Tangarife

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4. Summer Holidays

I always enjoy summer. Do you? In summer, I like to relax and forget about school. I don't have to get up
early and I can see my friends any time I want.

       My holidays are usually with my parents. We go to different places in Britain and sometimes abroad. In
Britain, I like going to Devon, Somerset and Scotland – but my favourite place of all is Yorkshire. It has lovely
countryside and fantastic old buildings. The only problem is the weather!

       Last summer, I had two holidays. One was in Somerset, in a little village by the sea, and another was in
Naples, in Italy. I went with my mother to Italy – by train! The journey took twenty-eight hours.

                                                                                                               Patrick, 12, Britain

It's hot in the United States in summer. In Washington State, it doesn't rain much, but it still stays very
green.

       During summer we love to swim, lie in the sun, go camping, and spend nights at our friends' houses. We
usually go somewhere with our parents. Last year we went to California for the first part of summer and
then to Disneyland. We also looked at international stars in Los Angeles. We met Nelly Furtado! After a rest,
we went to Maine and Massachusetts with our mom, sister, and a friend. We stayed with our grandfather
in Massachusetts, and then we went camping in Maine. We played on the beaches, and went sailing.

                                                                                                  Kate, 12 and Jane, 14, USA

I - A. Mark true (T) or false (F). Correct the false ones.

1. During summer Kate and Jane do different activities.

2. Patrick has a relaxing timetable in summer.
3. Last summer Kate and Jane travelled with their family and with a friend.
Done by Alejandra Tangarife
4. Patrick hates summer.

I - B. Answer these questions about Patrick. Write complete answers.

Why does Patrick like summer?

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Who does he spend his holiday with?

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What does he like and dislike about his favourite place?

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I - C. Complete these sentences about Kate and Jane.

Kate and Jane like …

They usually …

In Los Angeles they ...

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Done by Alejandra Tangarife