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Anchorage and Lap Splicing Detailing of Slabs, Columns, Beams, Footings
Anchorage and Lap Splicing Detailing of Slabs, Columns, Beams, Footings
José M. Arrieta
Universidad Politécnica Madrid, E.T.S. Ing. Caminos
PROES Consultores S.A.
EUROCODE 2 Contents
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 2
Section 8 EN 1992-1-1
For ribbed reinforcement, mesh and prestressing tendons
Subjected to static loading
d = 20 mm
if g ⇒ sm in = 25 mm
φ ≤ 25 mm
EUROCODE 2 General provisions for detailing
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 4
4φ if φ ≤ 16 mm
φm,m in =
7φ if φ > 16 mm
8 25 32
10 25 40
12 25 48
14 25 56
16 25 64
20 25 140
25 25 175
EUROCODE 2 Anchorage length
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 6
POOR ≤ 300 mm
> 250 mm
GOOD 250 mm
EUROCODE 2 Anchorage length
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 8
Simplified formulation
lb,eq = α1 ⋅ lb,rqd Standard bends, hooks, loops
lb,eq = α 4 ⋅ lb,rqd Welded transverse bar
STANDARD HOOK
STANDARD BEND
BEND HOOK
Laps [8.7]
Transmission forces reinforcement → reinforcement
Transverse tension stresses
Avoid:
Large cracks
Spalling
Methods:
Lapping of bars
Welding
Mechanical couplers
Arrangement
Should be staggered
Not located in areas of high moments
Symmetrically at any section
EUROCODE 2 Lap length
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 16
A: SECTION CONSIDERED
bar II: OUTSIDE
bar III: OUTSIDE
bar IV: INSIDE
ρ1 = 50 %
α6 = 1,41
EUROCODE 2 Lap length
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 18
Transverse reinforcement
No transv. reinf. if:
• Either φ ≤ 20 mm
• Or ρ1 < 25%
BARS IN TENSION
BARS IN COMPRESSION
EUROCODE 2 Lap length
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 19
STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
FOOTING B-2
Reinforcement calculation
Detailing
BEAMS
BEAM 2 – Case 1
BEAM B – Case 3
SLABS
SLAB AB12 – Case 1
COLUMNS
COLUMN B-2 – Case 2
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF FOOTINGS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 25
FOOTING B-2
h = 800 mm
Concrete: C25/30
Steel: B500
FOOTING B-2
Internal forces ground level ULS ← structural analysis
FOOTING B-2
Soil pressure + Self weight = Effective pressure
FOOTING B-2
Model for anchorage of bars [9.2.2.2]
ze ( x )
s (x)
F= Rd ( x ) ⋅
zi
b
Fs,m ax = Fs − 0,35 ⋅ a
2
= s ( 0,825 )
Fs,max F= 1457,9 kN
Fs,max
=
A s = 3353 mm2
fyd
( 7φ16 )
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF FOOTINGS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 29
FOOTING B-2
Arrangement of reinforcement
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF FOOTINGS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 30
FOOTING B-2
Verification straight anchorage first inclined crack: lb + cnom ≤ xmin
Fs ( xmin ) F=
= s ( 0,40 ) 1071,0 kN
Fs ( xmin ) 1071,0
=
lb =
⋅ lbd ⋅ 500
= 360 mm
A s fyd 1485,7
360 + 40 =
400 Ok
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF FOOTINGS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 31
FOOTING B-2
1600,0
1400,0
1200,0
1000,0
800,0
600,0
400,0
200,0
0,0
0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF FOOTINGS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 32
FOOTING B-2
If we dispose 11φ20
Fs,Rd1: straight anch.
1600,0
1400,0
1200,0
1000,0
800,0
600,0
400,0
0,0
la = 195 mm
0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF BEAMS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 33
BEAMS [9.2]
Materials
Concrete: fck = 25 N/mm2 γc = 1,50
Steel: fyk = 500 N/mm2 γs = 1,15
Longitudinal reinforcement
fctm
A s,m in = 0,26 ⋅ ⋅ b t ⋅ d </ 0,0013 ⋅ b t ⋅ d ⇒ A s,m in = 0,00133 ⋅ b t ⋅ d
fyk
A s,m ax = 0,04 ⋅ A c
al = z ⋅
(cot θ − cot α )
2
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF BEAMS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 34
BEAMS [9.2]
Transverse reinforcement
0,08 ⋅ fck
ρ w,m in = ⇒ ρ w,m in = 0,0008
f yk
A sw
ρw =
s ⋅ b w ⋅ sin α
A sw
= 0,0008 ⋅ b w
s m in
BEAM 2 – Case 1
Two way slab on beams
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF BEAM 2 – CASE 1
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 36
Geometry
Two way slab on beams
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF BEAM 2 – CASE 1
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 37
Longitudinal reinforcement
If we suppose φ = 16 mm φw = 8 mm
φ
d = h − c nom − φw − = 354 mm
2
250 mm for positive moments
bt =
1100 mm for negative moments
b w = 250 mm
A sw mm 2
= 0,0008 ⋅ b w = 0,20
s m in mm
mm 2
A s,m in = 0,00133 ⋅ b t ⋅ d = 0,18
mm
mm 2
A s,m ax = 0,04 ⋅ A c = 7,20
mm
sm ax,slabs = 2,0 ⋅ h >/ 250 mm ⇒ sm ax,slabs = 250 mm
al = d = 132 mm
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF SLAB AB12 - CASE 1
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 44
Design reinforcement
Structural analysis → Bending moments → Reinforcement
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF SLAB AB12 - CASE 1
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 45
Reinforcement
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF COLUMNS
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 46
COLUMNS [9.5]
Longitudinal reinforcement
φm in = 8 mm
0,10 ⋅ NEd
A s,m in = max ; 0,002 ⋅ Ac
fyd
A s,m ax = 0,04 ⋅ A c
Transverse reinforcement
1
φ t,m in = max 6 mm ; ⋅ φlong
4
[
s t,m ax = min 20 ⋅ φlong; bm in; 400 mm ]
Factor 0,60:
Near beams/slab (h)
Lap length if φ>14 mm
Compression bars:
Not farer than 150 mm from a restrained bar
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF COLUMN B2 – CASE 2
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 47
Longitudinal reinforcement
φm in = 8 mm
[
A s,m in = max 0,23 ⋅ NEd ; 500 mm2 ]
A s,m ax = 10000 mm2
Transverse reinforcement
6 mm if φlong ≤ 24 mm
φt,m in = φlong
4 if φlong > 24 mm
[
s t,m ax = min 20 ⋅ φlong; 400 mm ]
EUROCODE 2 DETAILING OF COLUMN B2 – CASE 2
Background and Applications
Dissemination of information for training – Brussels, 20-21 October 2011 48
Longitudinal reinforcement
Structural analysis → As,rqd → As,disp
Transverse reinforcement
Reinforcement